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Animal models of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Radostová, Dominika ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Kopřivová, Jana (referee)
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a widespread chronic psychiatric disorder, presenting itself with a wide range of symptoms. The heterogenity of OCD manifestations hinders the resarch and the interpretation of acquired results. Clinical studies are complemented by new insights collected from studies of animal models of OCD, which are nowdays integral to the resarch of OCD. During the course of the resarch many genetic, behavioral and pharmacologic animal models were developed. Number of works were not worked on further, however some models had been studied for a long time. Evaluation of individual models is dependant on many factors, and therefore the degree of validity and suitability for resarch differs between them. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Vplyv prídavku vybraných olejov na zastúpenie mastných kyselín v živočíšnych tkanivách a homeostázu cholesterolu u modelového organizmu
Hnatová, Martina
The theoretical part of my thesis is based on the general classification and characterization of dietary lipids, especially fatty acids, cholesterol and lipoprotein particles. Also, their transport and absorption mechanisms are described, as well as medical complications that are closely linked to excessive lipid consumption. One part is used for the description of lipid extractions and determination of fatty acids. The experimental part is focused on the analysis of fatty acids in samples of liver, adipose and muscle tissues of laboratory rats after the addition of palm oil, safflower oil, fish oil and Schizochytrium microalgae oil into their diets. Lyophilized tissue samples were extracted and derivatized, followed by gas chromatography fatty acid determination. The results were then statistically evaluated.
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Vliv zkrmování mykotoxinů na histologii tenkého střeva potkanů
Zouharová, Marcela
This thesis is about study of effect mykotoxine on histology small intestine. Experiment was made on 3 groups with rats. This groups were feeding 28 days moldy feed about different concentration. After the end of the experiment were taken sample of duodenum, illeum and jejunum. From the samples taken, the villi height and width were measured in each part of the small intestine. Averages were calculated from the measured values and the results were plotted in graphs. The results show that feeding of mycotoxins leads to stimulation growth intestine villi in rats
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Rozsah ukládání mastných kyselin z diet obohacených různými typy olejů ve svalovině pokusných živočichů
Toporská, Martina
The diploma thesis is divided into two parts – theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I deal with fatty acids. Specifically, the diploma thesis describes the physiology of fatty acids and their analytical determination by gas chromatography. Furthermore, I focus on the chemical structure of fatty acids, their division, metabolism and influence on human nutrition. The practical part deals with the feeding experiment in Wistar Albino rats and the subsequent tissue collection of these animals for analytical determination of fatty acids in their muscle. The extent of deposition of selected fatty acids in rat muscle was studied. The feed was supplemented with the following oils: palm, safflower, fish and Schizochytrium algae extract.
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Depozice dietárních mastných kyselin ve vybraných vnitřních orgánech a tkáních pokusných živočichů
Štumarová, Klára
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of fatty acids containing distribution, metabolism, physiological properties and effects on health. In the experimental part there is detail descripiton of the experiment, where the amount of dietary fatty acids in the liver and visceral fat in rats was determined. Rats were divided into five groups, each of that was fed with mixture with 8% oil addition (palm oil, fish oil, safflower oil and Schizochytrium extract). The last group was fed with the mixture without any oil addition. The results of the experiment point to a high SFA content in feed with 8% fish oil addition. Although fish oil contains a significant amount of n-3 PUFA, high deposition of SFA could have negative effects on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. The most suitable oil is Schizochytrium microalga extract, which has a positive effect on EPA and DHA deposition, but does not contain significant amount of SFA, MUFA and PUFA n 6. Regarding the ratio of PUFA n-6/n-3, fish oil appears to be the second most suitable. The least suitable PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio is observed in safflower and palm oil.
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Srovnání depozice polynenasycených mastných kyselin ve vybraných tkáních dvou živočišných druhů
Papanová, Veronika
The diploma thesis is devided into two parts – theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with fatty acids, their nomenclature and chemical composition. Further the diploma thesis focuses on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) – their analytical determination, metabolism, important representatives and influence on human nutrition. The practical part deals with the experiment, in which the fatty acids content was determined in mg/100 g using gas chromatography. Testing was carried out using model animals – rats Wistar Albino and pigs Landrace and Large White. By using statistical processing, the differences in the deposition of PUFAs in the livers of these animals, were compared.
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Vliv přídavku oleje do krmiva modelového organismu na zastoupení mastných kyselin ve vybraných tkáních
Kaňoková, Linda
The Master's thesis deals with the effect of feed enrichment with various types of oils on the deposition of fatty acids in selected tissues. Forty male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups and fed for 10 weeks daily ad libitum with a basic feed mixture enriched with 8 % palm, 8 % safflower, 8 % fish oil or 8 % microalgae Schizochytrium sp. oil. Rats had also free access to the drinking water. Fat from the tissue samples (liver, muscle, visceral fat) was extracted, converted to methyl esters and analyzed with usage of gas chromatography. The results of the experiment show that the addition of various types of oils to the feed of model organism can influence the deposition of fatty acids in its tissues. The addition of fish oil and microalgae Schizochytrium sp. oil caused statistically significant decrease (p < 0,05) in the ratio of PUFA n-6/n-3 in all observed tissues to a value of 1 or less compared to the addition of palm and safflower oil. Low ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered to be more desirable in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Animal models of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Radostová, Dominika ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Kopřivová, Jana (referee)
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a widespread chronic psychiatric disorder, presenting itself with a wide range of symptoms. The heterogenity of OCD manifestations hinders the resarch and the interpretation of acquired results. Clinical studies are complemented by new insights collected from studies of animal models of OCD, which are nowdays integral to the resarch of OCD. During the course of the resarch many genetic, behavioral and pharmacologic animal models were developed. Number of works were not worked on further, however some models had been studied for a long time. Evaluation of individual models is dependant on many factors, and therefore the degree of validity and suitability for resarch differs between them. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Effect of inhaled IgY and Fab fragments on the lung inflammation
Majerová, Barbora ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Koblas, Tomáš (referee)
Human respiratory system is in constant contact with heterogeneous environmental agents, which can possibly become initiators of inflammatory responses. Mechanical barriers and balance between the innate and adaptive immunity provide protection from external agents without initiation of any inflammatory response. Under certain circumstances, overreaction of the immune system might occur and leads to the production of various inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as TNF-α and GM-CSF factors or interleukins IL-1ß and IL-6. Respiratory system of the human suffering from cystic fibrosis is unable to defend against bacterial infections effectively. Chicken egg immunoglobulins (IgY) could eventually become a suitable tool for the protection from opportunistic pathogens, because they, when bound to antigen, don't activate the complement cascade. One method of determining the immunogenicity of the studied agent is the exposure of experimental animal and further measurement of inflammatory cytokine concentration. In this thesis, the potential inflammatory effect of IgY, IgY-derived Fab fragments and ovalbumin was determined after an exposure of Wistar rats by long-term inhalation. Correct implementation of inhalation experiment was confirmed via production of specific antibodies against the inhaled...
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