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Development of integration policies in Norway before and after 2011
Dorňáková, Tereza ; Lukešová, Anna (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
This thesis is focused on the development of the Norwegian integration policies from the year 2005 until 2017. The milestone of the researched period is the year 2011 when two terrorist attacks, committed by a Norwegian citizen Anders Behring Breivik, shocked Norwegian society. He pointed his act against the immigrant population living in Norway, and against multiculturalism and the politicians who supported this model. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to find out which changes were made in the field of integration policies during the examined period. Furthermore, the aim is to tell whether the integration policies were tightened or not. The thesis first deals with the development of migration in the Norwegian context, the multicultural approach to immigrants, but it also sums up the development of Norwegian political scene during the examined period. The final part is focused on the research of particular Norwegian integration policies and their development between 2005 and 2017.
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Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden
Trmalová, Eliška ; Svobodný, Petr (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
In the second half of the twentieth century Norway repeatedly made efforts to become a member of the European Communities, which were later incorporated into the newly created European Union. Two referendums were held - in 1972 and 1994 and in both of them Norwegian citizens decided that Norway will not become a member of the EC/EU. Outcomes of the referendums were narrow, though. Interesting fact is, that referendums in the neighbor states - Denmark (1972) and Sweden (1994) ended up in favor of the European Communities/ the European Union. Bachelor thesis called "Norwegian Accession Process to the EC/EU Compared with Denmark and Sweden" concentrates on reasons of the different outcome of referendums in Norway compared to Denmark and Sweden. These Scandinavian countries have many similar characteristics, therefore was expected similar outcome. In my opinion there are three main reasons for the different results of the referendums. Firstly, there are Norwegian specifics, such as widely popular fishing and protection of agriculture. Second are economic reasons that are linked to big profits from crude oil and natural gas export. Last reason is strong national pride and fear of losing the decision making in key subjects. In the Norwegian society is still existing trauma connected with history and it is closely...
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The Importance of the Arctic in International Relations
Kopečná, Anna ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
In recent years several factors changed the importance of the Arctic in international relations. Firstly, the rapid melting of Arctic ice cover opened potential access to vast natural resources within the Arctic Ocean seabed. It is estimated that the Arctic may contain one quarter of world's undiscovered reserves of oil and gas. Secondly, the water ways along the Russian and Canadian northern coasts became ice-free, although so far just for few days every year. Should the Arctic Ocean continue to melt, then in several decades the Northern Sea Route and the Northwest Passage could become navigable for greater part of the year. This would shorten the journey distance from Europe to Asia by as much as forty percent, thereby cutting travel times and shipping costs. Finally, as the Arctic does not belong to any single country, there has been an increasing interest among the Arctic rim states, which have been working on delineating their maritime boundaries in order to ensure their territorial claims. This process has proceeded in accordance with the international legal framework as established by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Coastal states are entitled to a 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ) around their coastline. However, should they be able to prove...
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Democracy in the Lack of Interest: the Effects of Remote Internet Voting Implementation in the Electoral Process of Selected Countries
Sál, Karel ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee) ; Chytilek, Roman (referee)
203 12 Dissertation Summary Dissertation title: Democracy in the Lack of Interest: the Effects of Remote Internet Voting Implementation in the Electoral Process of Selected Countries Name and Surname: Karel Sál Field of Study: Political Science Place of Work: Institute of Political Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague Dissertation Supervisor: PhDr. Petr Jüptner, Ph.D. No. of Pages: 203 No. of Appendixes: 30 Year of Defense: 2016 Keywords: internet voting; remote internet voting; electoral turnout; crisis of democracy; theory of participation; rational choice theory; Estonia; Switzerland; France; Norway; Spain. Abstract: The dissertation thesis named Democracy in the Lack of Interest: the Effects of Remote Internet Voting Implementation in the Electoral Process of Selected States reflects the phenomenon of the last decade - incorporation of new media into the political process. Internet voting is one of the discussed and suggested solutions of the so-called crisis of democracy, which could possibly stop the negative trend of diminishing voter turnout in advanced western democracies. The entire academic debate can be summarized into one question: It is possible, that the way of ballot casting can affect the voter turnout in that scale, that we can recognize a significant-positive...
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The media portrait of the Anders Behring Breivik's attack in czech press
Fulínová, Renata ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
This master thesis called "The media portrait of the Anders Behring Breivik ́s attack in czech press" focuses on events that took place on the 22nd of July 2011, when a norwegian citizen Anders Breivik detonated a bomb in the centre of Oslo and killed 8 people. Then he shot 69 young people on the Utøya island. This thesis shows how these events were presented in the four most read newspapers in the Czech republic which are Aha!, Blesk, Mladá fronta DNES and Právo. The analysis focuses on the period of time between 22nd of July and 22nd of September 2011 and then also on the period from April to August 2012 when the trial took place. This master thesis combines quantitative and qualitative research design and shows that Mladá fronta DNES published the most articles out of all 287. Blesk used the biggest amount of photographs - 2.9 photographs per article. The most used photographs were of the victims and also the photographs of Breivik himself. The most frequent topics covered were of the trial, information about Breivik and memorial events. The qualitative part of the research focuses on used language means and proves that the visual part and the photographs play a very important role on the whole feel and emotions in the article.
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Prague Spring and Post-1968 Czechoslovakia from the Norwegian Perspective
Jirásek, Vojtěch ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
The purpose of this Bachelor's Degree Paper is to reconstruct the Norwegian perception of the process of democratization during the second half of the 1960s and to trace Norway's ensuing assistance provided to Czechoslovakia's independent initiatives. The work succinctly summarizes the development of Czechoslovak-Norwegian relations and the activities of the post- February 1948 and post-August 1968 exiles in Norway. It also explores the way Norway's foreign policy and general public were influenced by the historical milestones that had a determining impact on Czechoslovakia's post-World War II history. These landmarks include the Communist coup d'état in February 1948, the year 1968 with its Prague Spring movement and the following military invasion of the country, and the emergence of Charter 77 in 1977. In the process of the formation of Czechoslovak-Norwegian relations in the fifties and sixties, a major role was played by post-February 1948 exiles. The organization Norsk- Tsjekkoslovakisk hjelpeforening was particularly instrumental in this respect. The institution was headed and founded by Anna Kvapilová, who - formerly in her native country - had been an activist of the National Socialist Party and collaborator of Milada Horáková. During the WWII, she was imprisoned in the concentration camp...
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Local Political Systems in the Nordic Countries
Polinec, Martin ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Čmejrek, Jaroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with local polity, politics and policies in the Nordic countries. The main aim of this thesis is to study local polity, politics and policies in the Nordic countries and then identify what are the most important common features of these countries and the most significant differences between them. The first chapter deals with known theoretical approaches to distinctions between local government systems. This chapter presents some typologies of local government systems. Another four chapters are dedicated to local politics in the Nordic countries. The second chapter is focused on Sweden. The third chapter deals with Denmark. The fourth chapter is focused on Norway, while the fifth chapter on Iceland. The each of these four chapters is split into several subchapters, which are focused especially on competencies, tasks and duties of municipalities, structure and functioning of municipal institutions, forms of intermunicipal cooperation, number and size of municipalities, structure of municipal earnings and expenditures and other financing matters, electoral and party systems at local level, neighborhood councils, user democracy and free commune experiments. The last chapter summarizes and compares findings. Conclusion presents the most evident common features of local polity, politics and...
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Selected Geopolitical Aspects of the EU's Energy Security
Lang, Petr ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (referee)
This thesis deals with the geopolitical aspects resulting from the increasing EU dependence on natural gas imports from the external suppliers. In addition to the investigation into he current situation of the EU market with natural gas, nature of major suppliers is explored, the thesis tries to identify the main risks to the security of supplies, especially the possibility of politically motivated supply disruption. From a broader perspective, it scrutinizes whether the natural gas market is driven by the market-based principles and regulated by international organizations (Market and Institutions scenario) or the bilateral relations between producer and consumer are the decisive factor (Regions and Empires scenario). Furthermore, the analysis of relevant documents issued by the EU institutions is also included and the thesis aims to assess the feasibility of the single 2 European external energy policy. Finally, the thesis includes two case-studies: the first one is dealing with energy relations between Russia and Belarus and Ukraine. The second one is dedicated to the Nord Stream gas pipeline project.
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