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Reflections on the Nuclear Taboo in Selected Foreign Affairs Articles Published between 2009-2020 in the US
Konrád, Ondřej ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Smetana, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the reflection of the nuclear taboo in selected Foreign Affairs articles from 2009 to 2020 in the US. The aim is to determine whether there has been a weakening of the taboo during this period or a change in the atmosphere in which the taboo exists. The articles were analyzed using a content analysis method, particularly to determine whether elements of the nuclear taboo were challenged. At the same time, the change in atmosphere in these texts was examined to see whether there was fear or pessimism about the future. Identifying these phenomena is essential, as both may signal a change in attitude towards the nuclear taboo. The main finding of the analysis is that the nuclear taboo is not weakening in the period under review, or rather, the thesis concludes that the nuclear taboo is under pressure and facing significant challenges but is not weakening overall. On the contrary, the change in the atmosphere has been confirmed, as there has been an apparent increase in the fear of nuclear weapons during the period under review, whether due to new proliferation, the arms race, or the threat of nuclear war. The conclusion of this thesis confirms that the nuclear taboo remains an essential factor in international relations, and its maintenance is crucial for the preservation...
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Afghanistan's Geopolitical and Geostrategic Importance for International Security: A Great Game Theory Analysis of Its Role Across Three Centuries
Barna, Edries ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Geostrategická a geopolitická poloha Afghánistánu v euroasijském regionu vedla k tomu, že země hraje klíčovou roli v mezinárodní bezpečnosti již od svého vzniku v 19. století. Vzhledem k tomu, že se země nachází v epicentru tvrdé konkurence mezi velmocemi, ovlivnila mnoho aspektů mezinárodní bezpečnosti. V této kvalitativní studii, která byla ovlivněna teorií velkých her, výzkumník záměrně vybral jednotlivce s prožitými zkušenostmi v Afghánistánu a poté s nimi provedl rozhovor. Kromě pozorování účastníků a dokumentární analýzy/historické analýzy byly hlavními zjištěními studie, že Afghánistán má geostrategický význam v mezinárodní bezpečnosti a je významný díky své poloze na křižovatce jižní Asie a Střední Asie. Také přítomnost sítí Talibanu a Al-Káidy má hluboký dopad na mírovou situaci nejen v Afghánistánu, ale také v jeho sousedních regionech, a zahraniční intervence v Afghánistánu, regionální i globální, formovaly kulturní, politické a ekonomické život místního obyvatelstva s regionálními a nadregionálními pravomocemi, využívání abnormálních politických a ekonomických podmínek a slabosti nelidových vlád ve svůj prospěch. Současní političtí vůdci navíc čelí obrovským výzvám při zajišťování míru a stability v zemi, potýkají se s vnitřními konflikty a nedostatkem současných diplomatických znalostí. V...
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Changes of international organizations: the IAEA experience in Iraq and Iran
Kosub, Tomáš ; Bříza, Vlastislav (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This paper discusses the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and its experience from Iraq and Iran. The paper provides the reader with principal theoretical understanding of international organizations, understanding of the process of change in the IO's and then, using two separate case studies, explains problems of the IAEA during the Iraq nuclear crisis and later, during the Iran nuclear crisis. The paper afterwards discusses the changes inside the IAEA which were considered necessary after that experience. An important part of this paper is also a comparison of the new state with the previous extension of the authority of the IAEA, and how these changes improved the execution of that authority, as specified in the IAEA Status. In the end, the paper categorizes these changes into the theoretical understanding of change in the International Organizations, namely changes after the Iraq and Iran experience. The main part is, therefore, a description of the evolution of these countries' nuclear programme, and a description of the IAEA processes, tools and authority needed during the execution of these rights.
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The demise of the Intermediate -Range Nuclear Forces Treaty: analysis of the position of the Russian Federation
Svobodová, Markéta ; Kolenovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
Markéta Svobodová, 2019/2020 Abstract The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) served as one of the cornerstones of bilateral nuclear arms control between the two world's main nuclear powers, the Soviet Union (later the Russian Federation) and the United States of America. The Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and the U.S. President Ronald Reagan signed the treaty on December 8, 1987, and by that both of the states for the first time in history became obliged to eliminate a whole class of weapons - land-based ballistic and cruise missiles with range from 500 to 5500 kilometres. The INF Treaty continued the trend of attempting to use arms control measures in order to increase mutual trust and strategic stability, starting in the beginning of 1960s, when the world had been brought to a brink of a nuclear catastrophe by the Cuban Crisis. Signing of this treaty lifted the imminent nuclear danger stemming from deployment of the modern and more effective Soviet SS-20 weapon systems, which was followed by the deployment of the Pershing II missiles by the U.S. in Western Europe. Not only did the INF Treaty introduce an unprecedented verification regime, it also held a symbolic value of a step towards overcoming the Cold War tensions. However, after 2005 the treaty found itself under the pressure of...
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Changes of international organizations: the IAEA experience in Iraq and Iran
Kosub, Tomáš ; Bříza, Vlastislav (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This paper discusses the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and its experience from Iraq and Iran. The paper provides the reader with principal theoretical understanding of international organizations, understanding of the process of change in the IO's and then, using two separate case studies, explains problems of the IAEA during the Iraq nuclear crisis and later, during the Iran nuclear crisis. The paper afterwards discusses the changes inside the IAEA which were considered necessary after that experience. An important part of this paper is also a comparison of the new state with the previous extension of the authority of the IAEA, and how these changes improved the execution of that authority, as specified in the IAEA Status. In the end, the paper categorizes these changes into the theoretical understanding of change in the International Organizations, namely changes after the Iraq and Iran experience. The main part is, therefore, a description of the evolution of these countries' nuclear programme, and a description of the IAEA processes, tools and authority needed during the execution of these rights.
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Influence of the military-industrial complex on the making of foreign policy of the state
Golubenko, Darya ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the degree of influence of the military-industrial complex on the foreign policy decision-making process of the state by examining the examples of certain countries with a large and developed defense industry. In terms of this thesis there were analyzed the contemporary trends in global military expenditures and the dynamics of the global arms transfers. A critical point is evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the extensive investing in the military-industrial complex of state.
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Zpravodajská komunita Spojených států amerických: Byla adekvátně zreformována po teroristických útocích v září 2001?
Kondrótová, Katarína ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Machoň, Miloslav (referee)
The purpose of this thesis will be to identify the failures and shortcomings of the US intelligence community which allowed the 9/11 terrorist attacks to take place, and analyze whether the subsequent Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 managed to address them appropriately. The paper will examine the development of intelligence practices in the USA, focusing on the failures that occurred before and during 9/11, and analyze the appositeness of the 2004 reform for fixing these failures and improving counter-terrorism measures in the US and internationally. Towards the end, it should provide answers to the following questions: Was the IRTPA a suitable response to 9/11? How did it affect the American intelligence community?
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The Role of World Health Organization in the case of 2014 EVD outbreak in Western Africa
Voves, Petr ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
VOVES, Petr. Úloha Světové zdravotnické organizace v případu epidemie viru eboly na území západní Afriky v roce 2014. Praha, 2017. 95 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií. Katedra mezinárodních vztahů. Vedoucí diplomové práce PhDr. Irah Kučerová, Ph.D. Abstract The M.A. thesis deals with the World Health Organization's response to the outbreak of the ebola virus disease in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone in 2014. The spread of the disease is mapped from its very beginning at the end of December 2013 until the creation of UNMEER in September 2014, which was the first international medical mission ever created by UN Security Council. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the particular problems, which limit WHO's role in a timely and effective response to the public health threats of international concern (PHEIC) under the reformed International Health Regulations (IHR). The response of WHO representatives to the spread of the disease is evaluated taking into account the available material and competence capacities of the organization as well as its previous practice in this field. The specific misconduct of WHO representatives is explained in the context of longstanding WHO's problems, which are mainly linked to the vertical fragmentation...
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Iran and The United States relations in the context of the Nuclear Deal
Saïd, Alexane ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Alexane Said MASTER'S THESIS Iran and the United States' Relations in the Context of the Nuclear Deal Abstract _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ This study analyses the evolution of relations between Iran and the United States by applying the theories of realism, liberalism and the theoretical concept of strategic culture on their contest for power, control and sovereignty. From strategic partners to strategic enemies and back to pragmatic tolerance, both countries have maintained a troublesome relationship which entered a new era of cooperation with the implementation of the Nuclear Deal in January 2016. This deal is a geopolitical breakthrough that should improve the relations between the two countries as it is in both their strategic interests to collaborate. With sanctions removal and by choosing the diplomatic route, Iran can get access to a larger trade and investors' market which could help its economy tremendously and could be seen as an important international actor. Moreover, since the deal allows for the supervision and investigation of Iran's uranium facilities, this allows for greater transparency, profitable for the US and the international community. After the Nuclear Deal implementation, American and Iranian actions on the...
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Law and Protection of Human Rights in communication of the EU as of the actor of international security
Peterka, Bohumil ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
logiky vhodnosti. Abstract Presented diploma thesis aims to answer a question whether the European Union can be perceived as a relevant actor of international security relations in the context of human rights protection and international security threat regulation. For the purpose of achieving the main goal of the thesis a definition of the EU actorness is used which presumes that the EU could be perceived as an actor of a policy provided it is being perceived as an actor acknowledged by other actors of international security and is able to influence their behavior at the same time. Both are proved by analysis of the antiterrorist sanction régimes, and more specifically a related the Court of Justice case Kadi. By means of the case, the EU pushed for institutional changes within the UN Security Council strengthening human rights protection. Within the EU, regarding the Member States, the EU can be perceived as actor if it succeeds in spread its own normative patterns among them. By the analysis of the Kadi case as well as of the Court's human rights doctrine development I try to prove that an EU institution (in this case the Court of Justice) succeeds in convincing the Member States that they should support the Court of Justice doctrine even though it might diminish their own power and influence. Normative...
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