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Legitimising the Launch of Humanitarian Intervention - A Case Study of US Politics Towards the Phenomenon of Humanitarian Intervention
Šabatová, Kateřina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suchanová, Angelika (referee)
This thesis examines the phenomenon of humanitarian intervention in the context of its process of legitimizing the initiation. Specifically, it focuses on the relationship of U.S. domestic politics to the legitimation of the initiation of humanitarian intervention abroad. Using three case studies of the launch of humanitarian intervention from the Middle East region, it aims to explain and answer the question of how U.S. politics influences American society's perception of the justification for the launch of humanitarian intervention abroad. The case studies analyzed are the 1958 U.S. intervention in Lebanon, the 1991 intervention in Iraq, and the unlike intervention in Syria. The Middle East cases are chosen because of the prevailing threat to civilians in the region, which has the potential to spread to other countries. Using the three approaches of humanitarianism, realpolitik, and mixed motives, it then with the use of discourse analysis evaluates the arguments and approaches of U.S. policymakers in the case studies and how they influenced the justification of the humanitarian intervention in question. The thesis puts this in context with the nature of American political culture and US foreign policy towards the Middle East. While the topic of humanitarian intervention has been explored by many...
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Inadequate legitimization of public tenders: The case of PID uniform vehicle paint design
Barta, David ; Witz, Petr (advisor) ; Plaček, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with insufficient legitimization of public tenders. As the main case, the design competition for the new coloring of vehicles falling under the Prague Integrated Transport is analyzed here. In the theoretical part, the general theory about public policies as public processes will be presented with the help of professional literature. Specific theories will concern the theory of legitimation. The main interest will also be the presentation of the ideal model of public competition from the point of view of public administration theory. In the practical part, primarily qualitative methods will be used, which should bring the opinions of all interested parties. This would be a single case study. One tool will be interviews with actors. Others will be media analysis, especially articles that relate to this topic. An analysis of official documents related to this topic, which were issued by the authorities for the competition, will also be carried out. Keywords: PID, public competition, public contracts, legitimization, project preparation, rules for approval. Number of characters: 74,291
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Nuclear Iran Oversecuritized? The Politics of Benjamin Netanyahu's Speeches
Orossová, Eva ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis "Nuclear Iran Oversecuritized? The Politics of Benjamin Netanyahu's Speeches" is concerned with the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's speeches held in front of the UN, American Congress, Jewish lobby in the US AIPAC and foreign audience by several special occasions. It is based on the assumption that language is not only a neutral communication tool, but also a political tool serving the aim of achieving political goals. The aim of the thesis is to identify the linguistic tools of categorization, legitimization and securitization which Netanyahu used in order to persuade the international audience about the imminence and existential character of the threat posed by Iranian nuclear programme, and finally to achieve its elimination or at least tough punishment for Iranian non-compliance. Moreover, the thesis provides the reader with the overall context, namely the effect of Netanyahu's speeches, the nature of Iranian nuclear programme and its consequences for the situation in the Middle East.
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Legitimization of Law by Jűrgen Habermas and Niklas Luhmann
Mucala, Václav ; Šamánek, Jan (advisor) ; Grznár, Miroslav (referee)
This article is comparation of sociological theories of Niklas Luhmann and Jürgen Habermas, specifically by their relation to law and the way it acquires its justification in society. The key difference of both attitudes is result of different approaches to concepts of system. Jürgen Habermas holds concept of open system and it makes him to think about law as institutionalization of communicative racionality of lifeworld. Theory of Niklas Luhmann shifts to the concept of closed system an it characterizes las as institution which lives its own life normatively closed to social enviroment. Comparsion of both theories by legitimity of law leads us to ask about their relation to positivistic concepts and the concepts of natural law. We argue that sociology of Law presented by Jürgen Habermas has its similarities with natural law concepts and autopoietic law of Niklas Luhmann has much in common with legal positivism. In spite of both has different attitude to rationalization of law, they describe legitimization of law in terms of procedure. Finally we argue, that there is possibility to find common elements and that those theories can understand each other.
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Framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Czech media
Houšková, Lenka ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Czech daily press in the years of 2012 and 2014. It presents the concept of framing, its connection to the concepts of agenda-setting and priming, then the framing process, ways of identification of frames in texts and typology of frames. Then it offers an overview of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Attention is payed to the relations between the Czech, respectively Czechoslovak republic and Israel and Palestine. The second chapter is also dedicated to selected researches of framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It describes six foreign researches and one from the Czech environment. Most attention is payed to their conclusions, especially to the sets of frames. Another important outcome of one of the described studies are ways of legitimization and delegitimization of conflict sides. These are together with the sets of frames used in a quantitative analysis focused on presence of the predefined frames in the dailies MF Dnes, Lidové noviny and Právo, and on the ways of legitimization and delegitimization of acts and positions of both the Israeli, as well as Palestinian side of the conflict. The analyzed time periods of the years 2012 and 2014 cover the military operation Pillar of Defense and the United Nations...
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Female characters as a medium of male authorities in Arthur Miller's The Crucible and William Golding's The Double Tongue
Beránková, Anna ; Topolovská, Tereza (advisor) ; Chalupský, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine the ways in which the female characters of two well-known works, namely William Golding's novel The Double Tongue (1995) and Arthur Miller's play The Crucible (1953), are exploited by male characters in pursuit of their ambitions. In spite of the works being set in different periods, they both develop the theme of male authorities abusing and misusing the inferior position of oftentimes adolescent women, bestowed on them by patriarchal society. The interpretation of both literary works is mainly based on historical and socio-cultural study of the periods as well as works of literary criticism. Abstracting the main features regarding the theme of this thesis that connect the two periods, the two literary works are compared. The theoretical part of the thesis provides the reader with a brief overview concerning the authors with a specific focus on the historical circumstances in which the works were written, and which influenced the content of the works. Second part of the theoretical section focuses on the historical and socio-cultural context in which the plots of the individual works take place. The last theoretical section discusses the position of women in the respective societies. The practical part subsequently presents illustration of the discussed...
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Framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Czech media
Houšková, Lenka ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Czech daily press in the years of 2012 and 2014. It presents the concept of framing, its connection to the concepts of agenda-setting and priming, then the framing process, ways of identification of frames in texts and typology of frames. Then it offers an overview of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Attention is payed to the relations between the Czech, respectively Czechoslovak republic and Israel and Palestine. The second chapter is also dedicated to selected researches of framing of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It describes six foreign researches and one from the Czech environment. Most attention is payed to their conclusions, especially to the sets of frames. Another important outcome of one of the described studies are ways of legitimization and delegitimization of conflict sides. These are together with the sets of frames used in a quantitative analysis focused on presence of the predefined frames in the dailies MF Dnes, Lidové noviny and Právo, and on the ways of legitimization and delegitimization of acts and positions of both the Israeli, as well as Palestinian side of the conflict. The analyzed time periods of the years 2012 and 2014 cover the military operation Pillar of Defense and the United Nations...
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The legitimization of non-intervention in Syria in the U.S. discourse: A discourse analysis of the selected Western speeches between 2011 and 2014
Vítková, Kateřina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
The thesis "The legitimization of non-intervention in Syria in the U.S. discourse: A discourse analysis of the selected Western speeches between 2011 and 2014" examines the discourse of the President of the United States Barack Obama concerning the Syrian crisis. It focuses on the reasoning that Obama used to explain or even justify his non- interventional approach regarding the crisis in Syria between the years 2011 and 2014. The thesis works with the hypothesis that the United States while justifying non-intervention in Syria, have avoided the geopolitical background of a split in the international community regarding possible solutions to the Syrian conflict. In legitimizing military "non- intervention" they chose another strategy, such as the 'downplaying' strategy, gradually setting out increasingly distant criteria and mitigating emerging threats. To accomplish the established goals the paper used the Narrative Conceptualization Analysis (NCA), as introduced by Shaul Shenhav, that examines the narrative concept through a signified story that consists of at least two events. The NCA largely confirmed the hypothesis. Obama's discourse lacked the geopolitical background. Obama mitigated the threats and set out the increasingly distant criteria, e.g. he claimed the regime of Bashar al-Assad would fall on...
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