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The educational trails in the Jizera Mountains Protected Landscape Area and the interpretation of the environment in which they are located
Svárovská, Eliška ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Bittnerová, Dana (referee)
My thesis is in the field of social and cultural ecology, which examines the relationship between nature and society. I focus on mediating this relationship through research on selected nature trails found in the Jizera Mountains Protected Landscape Area. In the theoretical part, I describe the protection of nature and landscape, then I focus on the Jizera Mountains where the research took place. I mention the three-phase learning model related to the trails, as they are meant to educate us, and I also discuss interpretation. Finally, I describe the phenomenon of nature trails in general. In the empirical part, I mention a subchapter on mobile QR code technology and present the application Stepping Off the Trail for visitors of the nature trails. In the following subchapters, I focus on evaluating the nature trails using a methodology I have devised. I evaluate both verbal and non-verbal elements, focusing particularly on a comprehensive evaluation that includes an overview of interpretive panels and the thematic integration into the environment. I also examine how the nature trails present the concepts of nature and its protection as a whole, related to the learning model, and I include the five principles of proper interpretation set forth in the Methodology of Principles and Methods of...
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Al forms in acidified surface waters - toxicity and trends
Šimková, Petra ; Hruška, Jakub (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with forms of aluminium occurring in acidified surface waters. Special attention is paid to inorganic monomeric aluminium, fraction, which has toxic effect on some species of aquatic and terrestrial biota. The thesis primarily focuses on the analysis of surface water, groundwater and soil water chemistry in the year-round and long-term monitoring. The practical took place on an experimental mountain basin Uhlířská, which is drained by river Černá Nisa. Uhlířská basin is located in the Jizera Mountains and represents the area which was significantly exposed to the acid atmospheric deposition in the second half of the 20th century. Long-term exposure to acid precipitation caused the acidification of soil and watercourses, forest degradation and deforestation of large parts of the basin. Decrease in pH and an increase in concentration of toxic aluminium also caused species depletion of aquatic ecosystems. Monomeric forms of aluminium were determined spectrophotometrically, the concentration of total aluminium was determined by the method of flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), in case of low concentration electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was used. Five forms of aluminium were obtained - Altot, AlAS, Alm, Alo and potentially toxic Ali. Appart from...
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Nature and Historical Characteristics of the Jizera Mountains
Procházková, Michaela ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes natural relations and history of the Jizera Mountains. First part is focused on geological and geomorphological processes creating the landscape and also on climatic and hydrological aspects. A second part gives an account of flora, which is a little reduced due to poor mineral subsoil. The exceptions are peat-bogs. These ecological subtypes represent the most valuable and the most important biotope of the Jizera Mountains. There we could discover a lot of unique and protected species of plants and animals. A history of the Jizera Mountains mapping here the settlements from prehistory age to modern times is also described in detail. Neither I do not forget to mention a development of textile and glass industry, which are also very important for this region at the field of economics. The deportation of the Germans after 2nd World War was an essential event resulting in almost complete displacement of the Bohemian border region. People have returned to the mountains due to tourism and a phenomenon of "the summer cottage" at 60th and 70th years of 20th century. A question about protection of the most specific comes out with an increasing quantity of visitors in this area. In the last part of the bachelor thesis is focused on this topic. This thesis has especially educational...
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The effect of selected parameters of stream water on gill morphology of brook charr and the structure of ichthyofauna of the Jizera Mountains
Hušek, Jiří ; Švátora, Miroslav (advisor) ; Dušek, Martin (referee)
The occurrence of ichthyofauna on the territory of the Jizera Mountains (Northern Bohemia, Czech Republic) is limited, besides other factors, by the water chemistry. pH value and pH-related concentration of inorganic monomeric aluminum (Ali) are crucial parameters of the water, determining the survival of fish in streams. Low pH and high concentrations of Ali cause severe damages to fish gills. The thesis deals with the influence of the water chemistry on distribution of ichthyofauna in the Jizera Mts and gill morphology in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), a dominant fish species of the upper plateau of the mountains. The results show that the species diversity of fish in acidified streams is lower than that in streams without meaningful acidic episodes. Histopathological analyses of gills of brook charr individuals from an acidified stream confirm, that low pH values and high concentrations of Ali have a cummulative effect and lead to degenerative changes on gills. Key words: The Jizera Mountains, ichthyofauna, brook charr, gill morphology, water chemistry, toxic aluminium, acidification
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Phytoplankton of drinking water reservoirs in the Jizera Mountains, Czech Republic, in relation to treatability of water
Čermáková, Anna ; Hořická, Zuzana (advisor) ; Procházková, Lenka (referee)
The area of the Jizera Mountains (northern Bohemia) was significantly affected by acid atmospheric deposition in the second half of the 20th century. This mountain area has a very sensitive geology and is characterized by the predominance of spruce stands, naturally acidic shallow soils of podzolic type, large areas of peat bogs in the upper plateau, a rough climate, and a very high annual rainfall. The frequent heavy rains and a low infiltration capacity of soils brought about floods in the past, very dangerous for the populated foothills. , so in the early 20th century For that reason, a plan was proposed to construct a system of reservoirs for a flood protection of the area. In the 1970s, the need for new sources of drinking water increased in the area. The Souš retention and recreation reservoir was rebuilt to a drinking water reservoir in 1974, and a new drinking water reservoir Josefův Důl was bulit in 1982. Both the water bodies have had a dystrophic character since the beginning, and the Souš reservoir suffers from naturally high concentrations of aluminum. Due to the anthropogenic acidification, the reservoirs were fishless until brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) were successfully (re)introduced in the 1990s, and the diversity and numbers of the zooplankton were very low. The...
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Diurnal vertical migrations of zooplankton in a stratified mountain reservoir
Adámek, Radek ; Hořická, Zuzana (advisor) ; Stuchlík, Evžen (referee)
The thesis - a literature review - was aimed at the phenomenon of diurnal vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton, in relation to particular conditions in the Josefův Důl reservoir in the Jizera Mountains (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic). The area of the Jizera Mts has a very sensitive geology, and thus suffered a strong anthropogenic acidification in the second half of the 20th century. The consequence was a long-term degradation of chemistry and biology of soils and surface waters. The waters in the upper plateau of the mountains were fishless, with a low diversity and biomass of both the phytoplankton and zooplankton. Recovery from acidification is slowest in the deepest reservoir, Josefův Důl. Due to its morphology, thermal stratification, newly re-stocked brook charr population, and invertebrate predators' occurrence, the zooplankton distribution in the vertical profile is expected to be irregular, with DVM. The following diploma project, oriented to seasonal changes and vertical distribution of the zooplankton in the Josefův Důl reservoir, should contribute to long-term data on biological recovery of the reservoirs from acidification, and explain the role of biotic parameters in zooplankton succession.
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Snow water content modelling in small catchments
Němečková, Klára ; Daňhelka, Jan (advisor) ; Bercha, Šimon (referee)
Title: Snow water content modelling in small catchments This work deals with modeling of amount of snow cover, snow water equivalent, respectively, on an experimental catchment in the Jizerské hory Mts. Measuring and modelling of the snow cover is an important part of water management practice from the perspective of reservoir operation and flood management. The first part of this thesis describes physical-geographical characteristics of the Jizerské hory Mts.especially from the climatological and hydrological point of view but also other charakteristics and conditions that may affect the dynamic of snow accumulation and melting are described with detailed focus on the experimental catchment of Černá Desná river - Jezdecká. Two modelling approaches were applied to simulate snow water equivalent (SWE) based on observed precipitation and temperature. Beside the well knowen SNOW17 model a simple method based on heat index was developed in this work and its parameters were calibrated based on measured timeseries of daily average air temperature, daily precipitation and observed SWE for winter periods 2001 to 2009. Both methods provided reasonably accurate estimates of SWE over the tested period, however it was found that the results for winters with extreme conditions (very warm or very cold) are less...
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Turistika and educational trails in the Jizerské hory
Hádková, Kristýna ; Brtník, Tomáš (advisor) ; Fořterová, Petra (referee)
Title: Turistika and Educational Trails in the Jizerské hory Objectives: The main targets of the theses are to introduce hiking, biking and cross-country skiing as the most used types of turistika kinds in the Jizerské hory Mountains PLA, to get acquainted with the Jizerské hory and educational trails located there and to explain the potential for their development in the future. Methods: To introduce hiking, biking and cross-country skiing, the following sources have been used: outdoor activities, the Jizerské hory Mountains PLA and educational trails professional literature; websites of main institutions, i. e. Czech Tourist Club, Nature and Landscape Protection Agency of the Czech Republic and further available. To create an overview of the current state of educational trails in the Jizerské hory Mountains PLA and possible alternatives for their expansion, the internet research has been carried out and the obtained information have been related to the Jizerské hory. Results: All educational trails in the Jizerské hory Mountains PLA are focused on hiking. They are realized in the form of information boards. Modern technologies using smartphones, which could eliminate the use of boards, have already been used on educational trails in other areas. They are advantageous in many points of view....
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