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Effect of Exercise on Lipid Metabolism in White Adipose Tissue
Gazdová, Tatiana ; Horáková, Olga (advisor) ; Tauchmannová, Kateřina (referee)
Obesity and old age are more prevalent among the current human population than ever before. Increased fat accumulation and hormonal dysregulation are common hallmarks of both these states. It is well reported that both states are associated with impaired lipolysis and glucose homeostasis as a result of disrupted metabolic pathway signalling. Current research offers exercise as a possible remedy, which could improve substrate handling in obesity and old age. Increased energy expenditure, myokine production, and improved insulin sensitivity are all potential benefits of exercise that could mitigate the health risks associated with obesity and ageing. In this work we aim to explore the effect of acute endurance exercise protocol on lipolytic activity of visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue depots of lean and young, obese, and aged mice. By the addition of forskolin, isoproterenol, and insulin into the explant media we hope to assess the functionality of β-adrenergic signalling in our subjects. Post exercise lipolytic rate, measured as non-esterified fatty acid release, increased in both depots in all test groups. Glycerol release did not follow the same pattern. Additionally, lipolytic rate, measured as non-esterified fatty acid release, in visceral adipose tissue was higher in samples from...
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Molecular bases for the effect of exercise on postmenopausal bone health
Mocová, Klára ; Škubica, Patrik (advisor) ; Pikner, Richard (referee)
Hormonal changes caused by menopause, most notably the decline in estradiol levels, lead to rapid bone loss, putting a significant percentage of postmenopausal women at serious risk of developing osteoporosis. Postmenopausal osteoporosis influences many aspects of women's health and their overall well-being. Regular physical activity is considered one of the essential means to slow the bone loss process and prevent bone fragility. Many molecules play a role in the reaction of bone to mechanical stress during exercise, both those produced directly by bone cells and those expressed by other tissues, such as myokines and cytokines. The molecular connections between the menopausal changes in bone and the skeletal reaction to exercise are not well-known, especially considering variables like different types of exercise or individual levels of osteoporosis risk. Learning more about these links could help us better understand how exactly exercise influences postmenopausal bones. Moreover, it would be beneficial for creating more effective guidelines for osteoporosis prevention through exercise and developing better prevention and treatment approaches for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Keywords: menopause, bone metabolism, physical activity, exercise, postmenopausal osteoporosis
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Dysmenorrhea and conservative approach to affect painful menstruation - questionnaire survey
Tipplová, Eliška ; Křivánková, Markéta (advisor) ; Hošková, Blanka (referee)
Title: Dysmenorrhea and conservative approach to affect painful menstruation - questionnaire survey Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to use a questionnaire survey to obtain information on how often painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea) occurs in women. Following this, an analysis of this data will be carried out in order to assess the possibilities of influencing and preventing painful menstruation using conservative methods, especially exercise. Methods: For the theoretical part of the thesis, a literature review was carried out. research from various sources, including the libraries of the Faculty of Physical of Charles University and the 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, English-language articles, studies and university theses from databases Web of Science, Pubmed, and Theses.cz. The practical part consists of questionnaires survey and subsequent data analysis together with the results. Results: The results of my research indicate that out of a total of 576 respondents aged 15 to 30 years, up to 78 % of women suffer from painful menstruation, which indicates a high prevalence of this problem in this population. An interesting finding is that of the sample of 162 women taking contraceptives, 73 % still experience pain during menstruation, suggesting that contraception may not be a...
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Musculoskeletal disorders related to the soldier's occupation
Strejciusová, Aneta ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Maršáková, Kateřina (referee)
Author: Bc. Aneta Strejciusová Supervisor: PhDr. Tereza Nováková, Ph.D. Title: Musculoskeletal disorders related to the soldier's occupation Objectives: The main goal of this work was to find out how the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders is related to the performance of the profession among soldiers of the 13th Artillery Regiment of the Army of the Czech Republic. Another goal was to investigate which risk factors, according to the respondents, most often occur in the origin of their difficulties and to clarify the preventive strategies that the respondents most often use in practice. Methods: The research was conducted using a questionnaire survey. A questionnaire based on the standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to obtain data. The research group consisted of 196 respondents, both male and female soldiers of the 13th Artillery Regiment of the Army of the Czech Republic, who answered questions related mainly to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Subsequently, the data was analyzed and conclusions drawn. Results: 35,7 % of respondents had at least one experience with work-related musculoskeletal disorder. The most frequently reported problems during the last 12 months were in the area of the lower back, where they occurred in 24,5 % of all respondents. This...
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Creation of a didactic program of preparatory gymnastic exercises for the current concept of teaching gymnastics at the second stage of elementary school
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Natálie
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to create a didactic program of preparatory exercises for sports gymnastics, which will be used in teaching at the second level of primary schools. The sub-objective is to incorporate modern means that will make the pupils more aware of their body, speed and tempo, to acquire orientation in space, kinesthetic awareness and timing of movement. In addition, the basic theoretical knowledge in the field of gymnastics and sports gymnastics in particular, sports training, physical education, physical exercises and motor learning. In the synthetic part, a stack of actual exercises is presented according to the individual gymnastics progressions focused on the area. These exercises are then presented in multimedia form in an instructional DVD.
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Evaluation of the Effect of DNS FIT KID Program on pre-school children
Šnajdrová, Romana ; Křivánková, Markéta (advisor) ; Mahrová, Andrea (referee)
Title: Evaluation of the effect of the DNS FIT KID exercise program on preschool children Objectives: Assessment of the effect of the DNS FIT KID exercise program on preschool children with the secondary goal of building an optimal spinal stabilization system and thus influencing faulty posture. Methods: For this theses, 18 children (boys and girls) from kindergarten aged 3 to 6 years were selected. Aspection (gaze standing assessment), motor skills testing using the MABC-2 kit and DNS FIT KID (DNS tests and assessment of basic motor skills) were used to collect measurement data. DNS FIT KID exercise program was implemented and applied in the group. Results: When comparing the input and output results of the group, using the DNS FIT KID exercise program, a significant number of probands experienced a complete disappearance or improvement of the observed deviations in most of the monitored parameters. This fact therefore indicates a positive effect of the use of the DNS FIT KID programme for preschool children. Keywords: Spinal Stabilizing System, DNS FIT KID, DNS, Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization, preschool age, preschoolers, children, exercise, physical activity
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Therapeutic methods of physiotherapy in treating patients with hypermobility syndrome
Jandová, Kristýna ; Táborská, Silvie (advisor) ; Kozel, Jakub (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Kristýna Jandová Supervisor: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Title: Therapeutic methods of physiotherapy in treating patients with hypermobility syndrome Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with issue of hypermobility syndrome and its therapeutic methods. The work is a research character and concists of theoretical and special parts. The theorical part provides an overview of the current knowledge about hypermobility syndrome. It covers and etiology, prevalence, clinical manifestiton and diagnostic methods of hypermobility syndrome. The final chapter of this part provides therapeutic methods for individuals with hypermobility syndrome. The special part of this thesis is a literature review of clinical studies focusing on the most commonly used methods in the treating hypermobility syndrome. The aim of the special part is answer the questions of which terapeutic approaches are suitable for patients with hypermobility syndrome and what is duration of therapy to influence hypermobility syndrome. After studying the literature and conducting the systematic review, the most suitable therapy is deemed to be exercises in closed kinematic chains and exercises that increase proprioception and influence postural stability. Exercise mainly plays a role in reducing pain, improving proprioception...
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Influence of painful menstruation and associated back pain in university students using method of Ludmila Mojžíšová
Dvořáková, Barbora ; Křivánková, Markéta (advisor) ; Hošková, Blanka (referee)
Title: Influencing of painful menstruation and associated back pain in university students using Ludmila Mojžíšová method Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of Ludmila Mojžíšová method on painful menstruation and the occurrence of associated symptoms. Methods: Research is conducted in the form of an experiment. The diploma thesis includes a theoretical and a practical part. The monitored group consisted of 8 female university students with painful menstruation, in whom the doctor ruled out a more serious cause of these difficulties. The practical part was focused on examining 8 weeks of exercise of the compiled plan together with other techniques according to Ludmila Mojžíšová's method for menstrual pain. The intervention consisted of 4 individual meetings and subsequent independent exercise for 8 weeks with a frequency of ideally at least 30 minutes every day. Kinesiology analysis, anamnesis taking and non-standardized Menstrual Distress Questionnaire were chosen as data collection methods. Results: For the evaluation of the practical part of the work, 4 hypotheses were established. For each subject, the effect of the chosen intervention was assessed through a visual analog pain scale, the MDQ questionnaire and a kinesiology analysis form. Hypotheses were...
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Level of physical activity in cognitively superior elderly women
Valtová, Nela ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Křivánková, Markéta (referee)
Title: Level of physical activity in cognitively superior elderly women Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to describe the level of physical activity (PA) in cognitively superior senior women and compare it with the PA level of women of the same age. Another aim is to investigate the relationships between PA, anthropometric parameters and cognitive functions in this group of elderly women. Methods: A total of 90 women older than 80 years (mean age 83.4±3.3 years) who declared regular PA in middle age were included in the cross-sectional survey. The testing had the form of an interview with the collection of many anamnestic data, a questionnaire survey and measurement of the waist circumference. The method of determining the current level of PA was the IPAQ-E questionnaire. The MMSE, RAVLT, BNT-2, TMT and VF tests were used to assess cognitive functions. Results: Women over the age of 80 spend an average of 5.03 ± 2.3 h/day sitting, 181 ± 127.5 min/day walking, 167.4 ± 97.8 min/day moderate PA (on 5 days a week), 48 ± 84.4 minutes/day of high PA (on 1 day per week) and their average energy expenditure is 8560.2 MET minutes per week. Based on the evaluation of cognitive functions, it was shown that 33% of women with the status of cognitive SuperAging (SA) are in the research group. According to the...
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