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Use of inhaled drugs in obstructive pulmonary diseases
Obertová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Use of inhaled drugs in obstructive pulmonary diseases Author: Nikola Obertová 1 Tutor: Josef Malý 1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Chronic respiratory diseases are emerging health problem. The administration of the medication is mostly performed by the process of inhalation. Therefore, a proper inhalation technique plays a crucial role in symptom reduction and achievement of adequate control over the disease. The aim of the thesis was partly to assess the level of inhalation technique in elderly patients in nursing home settings, partly to evaluate the knowledge of nurses and their role in advice provision related to the proper inhalation technique. Methods: The data were collected from June to September 2016 from 18 nursing homes located in South Wales (Great Britain). The study was realized in two arms. The evaluated group (first arm) was composed of patients (residents) with having asthma bronchiale or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosed and being older than 65 years. Second arm consisted of nurses responsible for giving advices about inhalation technique to the residents. Nursing home visits were composed of three parts. First one was a controlled interview based on the...
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Adherence to treatment in patients after kidney transplantation
Vaňková, Barbora ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Adherence to Treatment in Patients after Kidney Transplantation Author: Barbora Vaňková Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Ládová, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the best treatment option for patients with end- stage renal disease. However, despite its numerous benefits it requires a lifelong medical regimen of immunosuppressive treatment (IS) with a special emphasis on a strict medication adherence (MA). The objective of our study was to analyse MA in KT outpatients. We also intended to analyse non- adherence as one of the drug-related problems. Furthemore, we focused on analysis of the main self- management tasks. Methods: The prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in one year period from March 2016 to March 2017 at the Haemodialysis Centre in the Teaching Hospital Hradec Králové. Patients ≥ 18 years old and at least 3 weeks after KT were addressed within their regularly scheduled visit to the nephrologist. Structured interview was performed by pharmacist to determine patients' self-reported MA to IS using validated Czech version of Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-CZ). In addition, patients were interviewed about other...
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Analysis of care in patients at risk for arterial hypertension in pharmacy III.
Smíšková, Petra ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of care in patients at risk for arterial hypertension in pharmacy III. Author: Petra Smíšková Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague Introduction: Arterial hypertension belongs to the most common diseases of cardiovascular system, not only in the Czech Republic. Therefore it is very important to focus on its prevention and early diagnostics before the stage of health complications shows up. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to realize and evaluate consulting activities in pharmacy focused on patients who have high risks of arterial hypertension or have been already diagnosed with it. Methodology: Data were collected in a public pharmacy in Prague from the end of April 2013 until the beginning of April 2014. The actual blood pressure measurement was preceded by obtaining of answers to selected questions through controlled interview. Acquired statements were written into the printed forms. It was focused on particicipant's socio-demographic characteristics, his relationship to the blood pressure measurement; occurrence of risk factors of arterial hypertension, it means atherosclerosis; disease in the anamnesis and the usage of drugs including food supplements. The results of blood...
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Analysis of drug-related problems in ward health care facility I.
Nováková, Kateřina ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate: Kateřina Nováková1 Tutor: Josef Malý1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Title of Thesis: Analysis of drug-related problems in ward health care facility I. Indroduction: Use of drugs in clinical practice is accompanied by the risk of occurence of drug-related problems. Drug-related problems can have negative influence on patients health and the economic side of the treatment. Therefore their monitoring and elimination are needed as well as indicating and efforts to preventing. Objective: The aims of this thesis were to revise medical records, identify and classify potential drug-related problems, describe management of selected drug-related problems. Methods: The revision was carried out from 10th to 13th December 2013 in rehabilitation institute in the Czech Republic. Complete medical records of randomly selected patients were used as a source of information. All data were recorded into database prepared for the needs of revision. The revealed drug-related problems were then replenished into the database and in the same time they were classified according to PCNE modified classification V5.1 and...
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The referral procedure as a tool for influence the regulatory status of medicinal product in EU.
Závodská, Gabriela ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Fuksa, Leoš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Author: Mgr. Gabriela Závodská Consultant: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: The referral procedure as a tool for influence the regulatory status of medicinal product in EU. The referral procedure is very important possibility how the medical agencies in EU can influence the regulatory status of a medical product - change, suspend or revoke the registration. Our first aim was to describe the referral procedures defined in "The rules governing medicinal products in the European Union" - reasons for initiation, course and possible outcomes. One chapter deals with procedures concerning risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism in users of combined hormonal contraceptive. Our second aim was to observe the number of procedures during 2005-2014. We were interested in reason for initiation and outcomes of some procedures. We observed an increase in the number of procedures which are initiated from safety reasons on the basis of pharmacovigilance data.
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The analysis of pharmacotherapy in patient suffered with dyslipidemia in Greece I.
Mavrovouniotis, Konstantinos - Parmenion ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy The analysis of pharmacotherapy in patients suffering from hyperlipidemia (Diploma Thesis) Mentor of Diploma Thesis Prof. PharmDr. Jiří Vlček, Ph.D. Mavrovouniotis Konstantinos- Parmenion Hradec Králové 2015 ABSTRACT ENGLISH The analysis of pharmacotherapy in patients suffering from hyperlipidemia Mavrovouniotis Konstantinos Mentor: Prof. Dr. Jiří Vlček, CSc. Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is a serious condition whereby the blood levels of lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides are abnormally elevated. This condition is generally asymptomatic but may lead to atherosclerotic heart disease and other types of cardiovascular pathology if not treated effectively. Various risk factors can affect the onset and severity of hyperlipidemia and those include genetic predisposition, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, poor diet, lack of regular exercise, smoking etc. Measurement and monitoring of blood levels of triglycerides, cholesterol and lipoproteins can be used as prevention method for assessing the risk for an individual to develop hyperlipidemia. Once a patient is diagnosed with the condition several approaches exist for the treatment. The main goal of the treatment is to reduce the risk of...
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Application of explicite criteria of medications potentially inappropriate in the old age in the evaluation of quality of prescribing (III.)
Grešáková, Silvia ; Fialová, Daniela (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Introduction: Propotion of older people is rapidly increasing in the world population. Elderly represents a specific, heterogenous population which is because of many reasons more vulnerable to some adverse drug events. Many explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate medication used in the elderly have been developed in order to improve the quality and safety of geriatric pharmacotherapy. These criteria represent basic tools, defining fundamental prescribing rules for the evaluation of appropriate choice and dosing of medications in the old age and for the evaluation of potentially inappropriate prescriptions in older patiens. The aim of the diploma thesis was to compare advantages and disadvantages of explicit criteria published until the end of 2015 year and to summarizea list of allpotentially inappropriate medications in the elderly (regardless of diagnoses and concomitantly used medications), applicable in the epidemiological studies of the EU COST Action 1402project and in subsequent studies. Methods: Using systematic literature search in PubMed dataset, conducted in the period 04/2015 - 12/2015, all explicit and explicit- implicit criteria (published in the foreign peer- reviewed scientific journals bythe end of year 2015 and validated by expert panels) have been identified. Information...
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Patient Perspective of Medication Information Desired
Kalaitzidis, Panagiotis ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Title: Patient perspective of medication information desired Student: Kalaitzidis Panagiotis Tutor: Jiri Vlcek Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Background: Even from the decade of 1970, patients wanted more information about drugs and did not want to be so depended on the information the physician provided them. Today patients are more than ever informed about their disease and the available and appropriate treatment, due to the high volume of information that can be acquired through the Internet. The traditional role of pharmacists was the provision of medicines to the population. However, nowadays, this role has been changed so as to include other tasks, such as management of prescribed medicines, and promotion of health, since pharmacists can serve as a source of expertise knowledge to the customers. Due to the fact that there is no relevant research for the case of Greek patients, this pilot research could help to fill this gap, by trying to find out what kind of information patients want to know about medicines in several pharmacies in Greece. Aim: The aim of this research is to examine what kind of information patients want related to medicines. More precisely, this research will try to identify the type of...
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Side and teratogenic effects of valproic acid in pregnancy nad in calcium metabolism
Veselá, Kristýna ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Sciences Candidate: Kristýna Veselá Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Petr Pávek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Adverse and teratogenic effects of valproic acid in pregnancy and calcium metabolism Valproic acid and sodium valproate (VPA) are substances with a broad spectrum of anticonvulsive effects. The VPA is mainly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder and epilepsy. The combination therapy with other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has been established in the treatment of acute mania, when compared with monotherapy. Various molecular mechanisms of action are responsible for the broad spectrum of VPA effects. VPA interpheres with GABA and glutamate brain neurotransmission, as well as affects intracellular mechanisms. Adverse drug reactions affect 10-20% of patients. They are mostly transient and usually resolve spontaneously or after dose reduction of VPA. Most of the VPA adverse effects, such as weight gain, gastrointestinal problems, sedation, hepatotoxicity and others, are dose dependent. The use of VPA in pregnancy and polytherapy is undesirable due to increased risk of congenital defects. It appears that other AED in this regard, potentiate the effect of VPA. The teratogenicity of VPA was...
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Population and Drugs
Feberová, Beata ; Práznovcová, Lenka (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
POPULATION AND DRUGS Autor: Feberová B., Dept. of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Tutor: Práznovcová L., Dept. of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Background: The cardiovascular prescription has significant role in fight cardiovascular disease, which they are head cause of death in most of industrial advanced countries. Aim of study: The objectiv of the diploma work was find out the cardiovascular prescription, analyse what kind effective matters included with medicinal preparation on the cardiovascular system was prescribe for patients in practice - which dosage and which combinations. Methods: The 150 patients (98 female, 52 male, age 21 and more years), who come in chemist with medical recipe was accidentally chosen. These patients complete list of questions pertain to drugs prescribed by doctor, drug published without prescription, drugs expended without medical recipe, footage behind drugs and medical care. Study was performed in period November - December 2007. Results: Drugs on the cardiovascular system (group C according to ATC classification) generated 48,5 % of the all analysis prescribed by doctor preparations. Mostly persons,...
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