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Network analysis of intraparty fissions over time: Co-voting within selected parliamentary party clubs
Brabec, Dušan ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Ocelík, Petr (referee)
1 UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut politologických studií Katedra politologie Dušan Brabec Síťová analýza vnitrostranických štěpení v čase Výzkum míry souhlasného hlasování uvnitř poslaneckých klubů vybraných parlamentních stran Disertační práce Praha 2022 2 Bibliografický záznam Brabec, Dušan. Grafické modelování vnitrostranických štěpení v čase: Síťová analýza míry souhlasného hlasování uvnitř poslaneckých klubů. Praha, 2022. 100 s. Disertační práce (Ph.D.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií. Katedra politologie. Školitel: doc. Michel Perottino, Ph.D. Abstract The main goal of this study is to capture and analyze the dynamics of the transformation of party unity within political parties, which have split as a result of the ongoing internal party crisis. Emphasis is placed on the identification of internal dividing lines using data on parliamentary votes. The study is based on quantitative methods, relies on approaches and tools used in network analysis, and from a theoretical perspective it draws from the literature related to party unity, etc. Party unity was approached as a quantity that serves as a proxy for possible relationships within the analyzed parliamentary groups, whereas the degree of consensus voting (ie party unity) indicates...
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Forgotten Generation. Independent Activities and Samizdat in the Pilsen Region in the 80ies of the 20th Century.
Petrová, Jana ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee)
The degree work deals with the last century period of the 80s and 90s in the Pilsen region. Generally, it was time of lack of freedom and intolerance when all the state power was concentrated in one political party - the Czechoslovak Communist Party. With support of police this party manipulated with citizens' dignity, rights and thinking. Through description of some civic activities the work records groups of independent thinking in the Pilsen region. These activities were source of independent atmosphere; that's why they were supervised by the state power; their protagonists were monitored and their activities were supressed. In the work the independent areas are divided into chapters: church, music, scouting, camping, ecology. Another chapter focuses on the local dissent activities. Its members were predominantly from the above mentioned groups. Last chapter deals with unofficial publishing (samizdat) in this period. The aim of the degree work is to find (or at least to outline) the starting points and reasons that finally brought members of various groups (often diametrically opposite) together on the way of independent activities, dissent and unofficial publishing (samizdat).
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Participatory, deliberative and agonistic democracy: current theories and practical applications
Sekerák, Marián ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Müller, Karel B. (referee)
The rapidly changing political environment in our Western liberal democracies poses a big challenge not only to elected representatives but also to scholars. In this dissertation thesis I describe and clarify the main principles and ideas of the three currently most dominant, debated and promising democratic theories, namely participatory democracy, deliberative democracy and Mouffe's agonistic pluralism. Their criticisms and the most important polemics are included as well. The first theory introduced in dissertation's theoretical part is participatory democracy, which is heavily neglected in the Slovak academia. It is presented especially through the prism of Carole Pateman's, C.B. Macpherson's and Benjamin Barber's writings. Their ideas on civic engagement in public life appear to be noteworthy again, especially in the light of the changing conditions of democratic citizenship - particularly in regards to the EU-wide decline in voter turnout, increasing income inequality, downgrade of social solidarity and cooperation, growing intolerance or dissatisfaction with representative democracy and its institutions. This theory has been verified on the example of the European Citizens' Initiatives (ECI), which are deemed to be one of most promising political tools adjusting EU's democratic deficit....
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Songster's association Šafrán
Houda, Přemysl ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee)
Hudba, jakožto významný prvek, jenž může ovlivňovat společenské mínění, se vždy musí potýkat se zájmem mocenských orgánů v jakémkoli autoritativním či totalitním státě. Touha svobodně tvořit a stvořené poté reprodukovat před posluchači, je totiž v naprosto příkrém protikladu s požadavky státu po všeobjímající kontrole jakékoli do veřejnosti zasahující sféry. Z této principiální neshody se nutně s hudbou dostává do příkrého konfliktu, jehož logickým vyústěním je pokus o její znásilnění a spoutání. Výsledek je jasný. Ovládnutí všech masmédií totalitním režimem a únik té, v pravém slova smyslu nejpůvodnější a z hlouby duše vyvěrající, hudby na samý okraj, do neoficiálních struktur. Ty skýtají jedinou možnost ji i nadále, bez kompromisů s mocí, provozovat. Předestřený vývoj lze demonstrovat na historii písničkářského sdružení Šafrán. Volné sdružení písničkářů Šafrán existovalo v sedmdesátých letech, tedy v době, kdy se již plně prosadil tzv. normalizační kurz nového vedení KSČ. Byl to kurz vedoucí k opětovnému podrobení si veřejného dění Komunistickou stranou Československa po určitých záblescích uvolnění z konce let šedesátých. Společnost si ve své většině nechala vnutit a nakonec si i osvojila tzv. společenskou smlouvu, ve které vyměnila svá práva občanská za určitý stupeň státem garantovaného blahobytu.1...
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Political prisoners of Jáchymov. Oral history in theory and practice
Bouška, Tomáš ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mücke, Pavel (referee) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of this doctoral thesis combines the possibilities of oral history in theory and practice. The first part prepares the field for delivering results of my research which is targeted at mapping and understanding recent history using oral histories of twelve survivors of communist régime imprisoned in the 1950s in the Jachymov district. At first, I demonstrate the usage of oral history and related thinking about it abroad and in the Czech context. I deliver the empirical material of this work using this method. It consists from life stories and personal testimonies of former political prisoners who have been organised in the Confederation of Political Prisoners after 1989 in the Czech Republic. Apart from methodological collection, analysis and interpretation of their life stories I point at further processing and introduction of such a research to the wide and expert public. I believe in the premise that personal testimonies of narrators represent a contribution to understanding "small history and its human aspect - here dealing with the Czechoslovak political persecution in 1950s. I also describe the evolution of my research project which I managed to enlarge and link to other academic work of my PhD. colleagues. Like this I hope to give birth to a (hopefully) unique multidisciplinary project which...
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Participatory, deliberative and agonistic democracy: current theories and practical applications
Sekerák, Marián ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Müller, Karel B. (referee)
The rapidly changing political environment in our Western liberal democracies poses a big challenge not only to elected representatives but also to scholars. In this dissertation thesis I describe and clarify the main principles and ideas of the three currently most dominant, debated and promising democratic theories, namely participatory democracy, deliberative democracy and Mouffe's agonistic pluralism. Their criticisms and the most important polemics are included as well. The first theory introduced in dissertation's theoretical part is participatory democracy, which is heavily neglected in the Slovak academia. It is presented especially through the prism of Carole Pateman's, C.B. Macpherson's and Benjamin Barber's writings. Their ideas on civic engagement in public life appear to be noteworthy again, especially in the light of the changing conditions of democratic citizenship - particularly in regards to the EU-wide decline in voter turnout, increasing income inequality, downgrade of social solidarity and cooperation, growing intolerance or dissatisfaction with representative democracy and its institutions. This theory has been verified on the example of the European Citizens' Initiatives (ECI), which are deemed to be one of most promising political tools adjusting EU's democratic deficit....
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Ecological Issues in Czechoslovakia
Hrubeš, Jan ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Novák, Arnošt (referee)
Práce se zabývá vývojem ekologického hnutí v Československu. Svoji pozornost zaměřuje především k vývoji ekologických iniciativ a ekologického diskurzu v době komunistické nesvobody a v době celospolečenských změn v listopadu 1989 do období rozpadu Občanského fóra v roce 1991. Nedílnou součástí je rovněž analýza vzniku a vývoje Strany zelených, která se stala předmětem scénářů a pokusů o provedení politických reforem v rámci komunistického režimu. Cílem práce je zjistit, jak téma ochrany přírody rezonovalo především v oblasti opozičních a režimních struktur a jaký osud jej následoval v období porevolučního vývoje následovaný otázkou, proč došlo k postupnému úpadku ekologického povědomí ve společnosti. Ke splnění cíle práce byla využita metoda orální historie, jež zprostředkovává pohledy oslovených narátorů - pamětníků problematiky úlohy ekologické karty. Tímto přístupem se snaží nahradit především chybějící archivní materiály. Formou obsahové analýzy a komparace se práce pokouší srovnávat procesy probíhající v západní Evropě s ekologickou tématikou v Československu. Práce se oborově nachází na pomezí historie, politologie, ale také sociologie, přičemž zdůrazňuje akcent historicko-politologický. Ze závěru práce vyplývá, že ekologická karta v rámci československé společnosti získala silnou tradici,...
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Kopřivnice in the process of political changes in 1989/1990
Peš, Stanislav ; Valeš, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vaněk, Miroslav (referee) ; Čmejrek, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis entitled‚ Kopřivnice in the process of political changes in 1989/1990' consists of a description and analysis of events connected to the disintegration of the post-totalitarian authoritarian regime in Czechoslovakia and deals with the transition to democracy of the medium-sized North Moravian town, Kopřivnice. My aim is to record not only the course of political changes, but also social and economic development after 17 November 1989. In terms of time, the thesis covers the period from 1986 to the municipal election in November 1990. The first chapter describes the oral history method, its position in the modern science and in the practical part of this thesis. The second chapter deals with the characteristics of the post-totalitarian authoritarian regime in Czechoslovakia before 1989 and the pre-existing conditions for the subsequent changes which took place in Czechoslovakia and Czech society. The third chapter analyses the field of the Velvet Revolution in revolution theory terms. It examines, if it is possible to consider the change as a revolution, and it studies the events in November 1989 from the point of view of the theory of transition. The third chapter explains the basic milestones in the history of the town which influenced its development, its population structure and its...
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The Velvet revolution in Nachod. Its "winners" and "losers"
Škoda, Jáchym ; Valeš, Lukáš (advisor) ; Urbášek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the problem of the Velvet revolution in a small provincial town called Náchod. My purpose is to describe the political situation before the revolution, during it and after the revolution ended. I used two methods for my research. First of them was regular text analysis of documents in archives and the second source I used was the method of Oral history. Oral history enriches us with knowledge of living witnesses who help us understand reasons, motivations and feelings of people who took part in an important part of our history, which Velvet revolution surely is. To understand them even better I shortly described their life stories and their position during the revolution. I made life story interviews with 4 members of the Czechoslovak Communist Party and with 5 members of the Civic Forum. So we can hear opinions of both considered sides. At the end of the thesis I compared my conclusions with the conclusion doc. PhDr. Lukáš Valeš, Ph.D. made in his dissertation describing Velvet revolution in a small provincial town Klatovy. At the end I came to a conclusion that Velvet revolution changed political status of Czechoslovakia and its economy but the same people remained powerful.
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Kopřivnice in the process of political changes in 1989/1990
Peš, Stanislav ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
This thesis entitled‚ Kopřivnice in the process of political changes in 1989/1990' consists of a description and analysis of events connected to the disintegration of the post-totalitarian authoritarian regime in Czechoslovakia and deals with the transition to democracy of the medium-sized North Moravian town, Kopřivnice. My aim is to record not only the course of political changes, but also social and economic development after 17 November 1989. In terms of time, the thesis covers the period from 1986 to the municipal election in November 1990. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of the post-totalitarian authoritarian regime in Czechoslovakia before 1989 and the pre-existing conditions for the subsequent changes which took place in Czechoslovakia and Czech society. The second chapter explains the basic milestones in the history of the town which influenced its development, its population structure and its importance in the regional framework. The third chapter ‚Reflection of Kopřivnice before 17 November 1989' describes the functioning of the town's municipal commitees and their significance in state administration. The current situation in the town just before 17 November 1989 is analysed from the position of the town leadership carried out by the local municipal commitee. The fourth...
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