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The position of women and "women question" in late Victorian and Edwardian society
Tumis, Stanislav ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Halada, Jan (referee)
The position of women in British society at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was influenced by the traditional conservative ideas which allocated their place in "private (domestic) sphere"; these views continued to have in Britain considerable influence and they were moreover supported by the new ideologies of social darwinism, social maternalism or eugenics. At the same time the influence of representatives of liberal, democratic ideas, the so called new people advocating women emancipation in all spheres of life largely grew. It is not possible to perceive the end of Victorian and Edwardian era as a period in which the modern ideas on women position in society succeeded; on the contrary old conservative concepts though often in new context and another "more moderate" version had the support of the majority of British society, including women. The main reason why the feminists failed to enforce their radical claims at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries lied in the fact that women movement was confined largely to the liberal elites of middle classes and failed to obtain wider support.
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The British and Jews in Palestine, 1944-1948
Zamrazilová, Barbora ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the withdrawal of Great Britain from Palestine and the reactions of the Zionist movement on her mandatory policy. In 1937, the British planed to divide the mandate between the Arabs and the Jews, terminate the administration and establish an alliance with the successor states. Disapproval of the Arab world, worsened security in Palestine and the threat of a war in Europe led the mandatory power to prolong the administration and restrict the jewish immigration.These meassures caused a deterioration of Anglo-Zionist relations. During the Second World War, the Zionist Organization put forward a request for the establishment of a Jewish Commonwealth in Palestine. No long after, the British restored their preparations for the termination of the mandate. As before the war, they sought for the pernament teritorial solution for postmandatory Palestine and new allies. Due to unstable geopolitical situation and the loss of her hegemonic position, Great Britain had to consider the attitudes of the Arab world and the United States of America.
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Czechoslovak embassy in Moscow in the years 1945-1948
Adamů, Miloš ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
1 Abstract Adamů Miloš: Czechoslovak Embassy in Moscow in the years 1945-1948 Praha: The Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague, 2011 188 s., The diploma thesis. The thesis monitors and evaluates the activities of the Czechoslovak Embassy in Moscow in the critical post-war years 1945-1948. It attempts to process the structure of the diplomatic and partly personnel corps, including changes that gradually occurred in the office. The task of the thesis is also monitoring the influence of inland events on the running of the embassy and its important leaders in those four years. The thesis largely follows the events of February 1948, which meant milestone situations for the Czechoslovak Embassy's activities and significantly influenced the lives of most of its employees. The ambassadors take the important place and they are given a high attention. The thesis also notes the fates of the selected persons in 1948. Key words: Embassies, Diplomatic Corps, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Soviet Union, MID, National Front, the political parties of NF, communism, action committee.
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Deportation of the Chechens and Ingushes. Contribution to History of Caucasus in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Kosejková, Hana ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee)
The thesis "The deportation of Chechens and Ingushes. Contribution to the history of the Caucasus in the second half of the 20th Century" focuses on forced relocation of ethnic groups in 1944 from their homeland in Central Asia. The author presents the causes of deportation, describes itself transport, living conditions in places colonization and subsequent release of the totalitarian regime to rehabilitation and return to the Caucasus. The thesis used in addition to the literature and archival materials. Important part of the thesis include testimony of witnesses (oral history) collected by the "snowball". The aim of this thesis was to assess the physical, demographic and moral damage caused by the deportations and to prove the relationship between it and the subsequent ethnic conflicts in the Caucasus, and also to determine what role they played in the implementation of the deportation policy and subsequent rehabilitation of the different representatives of the Communist Party and the Soviet state headed by Josef Stalin. Relocation left trauma in the memory of the survivors in the second and third generation, and Russian state itself caused due to significant financial losses and other problems with which compensates today.
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Epoch of so-called Smuta in 1605-1613 in the mirror of Russian historiography (from Karamzin to Klyuchevsky)
Novotná, Anna ; Příhoda, Marek (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
Anna Novotná Epoch of so-called Smuta in 1605-1613 in the mirror of Russian historiography (from Karamzin to Klyuchevsky) Abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with reflection of Times of Troubles events in Russia at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries in modern Russian historiography of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. The attention is paid to view development of selected historians (N. M. Karamzin; N. G. Ustryalov; S. M. Solovyov; N. I. Kostomarov; D. I. Ilovaysky; V. O. Klyuchevsky) on three phenomenons: the role of the monarch, the role of the church and relation to aliens. The historians can be classified in three groups. The generation of historians (Karamzin, Ilovaysky and Ustryalov) represents the transition from Enlightenment historiography to historiography of the period of National Revival (Kostomarov). Historian Solovyov represents turning point to scientific historiography. Culmination of modern attitude to material of the discussed period is the work of Klyuchevsky. Following changes of attitude of individual authors to these phenomenons reflects changes of Russian thinking in the course of the 19th century. Key Words: Russia; historiography; 16th and 17th centuries; the Time of Troubles; autocracy; usurpers, orthodox-church; alien; Boris Godunov; False Dmitry I.; Vasily...
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Russian-Greek Relations in the 19th Century. Ioannis Kapodistrias
Palečková, Kateřina ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
(in English): This thesis focuses on the Russian-Greek relations in the 19th century, with emphasis Ioannis Kapodistria on personality. It is divided into four thematic units. The first outlines the creation of the first Greek state in modern history. Kapodistria is devoted to another part, which is introduced by his life in the period when he worked in Russia. Next the Greek War of Independence and the epoch when Ioannis Kapodistria became the first president of Greece. The work emphasizes Ioannis Kapodistria very little known personality in the czech environment and focuses on his work in the russian diplomatic service. Key words (in English): Ioannis Kapodistria, russian-greek relations, russian diplomacy, formation of the modern Greek state
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The Balfour Declaration and the McMahon Letters. Great Britain and the Near East during the Great War.
Semera, David ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
Bachelor thesis The Balfour Declaration and the McMahon Letters. Great Britain and the Near East during the Great War analyses the promises of the United Kingdom to Arabs and Jews from the First World War contained in the McMahon Letters and in the Balfour Declaration relating in particular to the territory of the Middle East. It focuses on the circumstances of the formation of these documents, both on the contemporary conditions and the objectives to be achieved by them. It also deals with the wording of these documents and the contents of the British promises, while questioning whether it would be possible to realize them simultaneously or they were excluding each other. The opening chapter presents the situation of the Ottoman Empire, Arab nationalism, Zionism, and the empire of the United Kingdom until the beginning of the First World War. The second chapter explains the British interest that influenced the formulation of these documents. The third chapter discusses the emergence of the McMahon Letters and the Balfour Declaration and examine their contents.
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The Bolshevik government and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The position of the church in Bolshevik Russia since the October Revolution (1917-1929)
Tajčová, Tereza ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse the relationship between the Bolshevik regime and the Orthodox Church in the decade following the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. The first part deals with the general opinions of Karl Marx and Vladimir I. Lenin on religion. The second part focuses on application of these beliefs in Russia since the Bolshevik takeover of power until the end of the 1920s. There is an analysis of the policy of the Bolshevik rule and its fight against the church which was considered the promoter of an enemy ideology, necessary to be destroyed. The thesis includes an analysis of means by which the Bolsheviks tried to reach their goal (bans, confiscations, assassinations, expulsions, etc.). A special attention is paid to Patriarch Tikhon, other personalities of the church, atheistic education of the population and the formation of the Living Church. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Persecution of catholic church in former soviet countries in the years 1945-1956. Case: political process in Frydlant in Bohemia
Heinzl, Jan ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
The submitted rigorous theses deal with the political-churchly situation in the Central Europe between the years 1945-1956. It describes the position of Vatican after WWII. and also the development of the Vatican's attitude towards the left-wind ideology. It also gives a picture about the position of the Catholic Church in Poland, East Germany, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. It describes the persecution of bishops, clericals, friars, nuns; it describes the intended limitation of the church's influence on the active Catholics too. 111 A special part consists of the analyses of some historical sources which gives a clear picture about the period of the hardest persecution of the Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia, directly in the frontier region Frýdlant v Čechách. Some important elements of the totalitarian system of that period are described: The State office for clerical affairs, the signification of the Church secretary's activities, the Catholic action, the Catholic cleric's persecution and especially the activity of the internment monastery in Hejnice. One of the parts of these theses is also a study about the delivery transportation of monasterial libraries in Czechoslovakia. As an addition to the topic there are 4 interviews with the victims of the persecution given, there are lists with names of the...
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