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Literární noviny as an example of the changes in the media space after the 20th Congress of CPSU
Zvěřinová, Eliška ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
This thesis provides an insight into the transformation of the public debate in 1956 using the example of newspapers Literární noviny. The thesis shows the main discussion topics of these newspapers against the background of significant political changes. The essence of this thesis is article selection and article analysis. The autor of the thesis particularly pays attention to the following topics: the second congress of Czechoslovak writers, the debate about polygraphy, education, socialist realism and the philosophical debate which deals with the relation of ideology and science. The thesis also records changes in attitude of the Communist Party to the critical debate in Literární noviny, especially in the first half of 1956.
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Polytechnic education in socialist Czechoslovakia
Růžičková, Anna ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Fapšo, Marek (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of polytechnic education in primary schools in Czechoslovakia, especially in its beginnings in the 1950s. At the beginning, attention is paid to the period of the First Republic, when the idea of greater involvement of mechanical work in schools and the linking of theory with practice begins to take shape. After 1945, attention turned to the Soviet Union, where issues related to polytechnic education were worked out, which were later to guide the Czechoslovak pedagogical community. In the context of the work, the general development of education, influenced by the issuance of education laws, is also observed. The very concept and content of polytechnic education is analysed based on the professional literature and pedagogical articles of the time. The thesis also includes a discussion of the extra- curricular and co-curricular activities in which pupils participated in the form of interest groups. It concludes with a minor comparison with the 1960s, when interest in polytechnic education was waning.
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Higher principle: from historical reality to artistic processing
Přeborovská, Eliška ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Fapšo, Marek (referee)
(in English) The bachelor thesis deals with the short story and the film The Higher Principle and the real historical event that preceded the artistic representation. The thesis is divided into four main parts. The first part deals with a tragic event that took place at the Příbram Gymnasium. The individual actors of the June 1942 event and the post-war unravelling of the story are presented. The second part introduces Jan Drda and the way in which the Příbram event reached him. Then the shifts that Jan Drda made from the event to the story The Higher Principle and the reasons for them are mentioned. The third part describes the film The Higher Principle. The peripeties that the film The Higher Principle and its director Jiří Krejčík had to face in order to get the film released at all and then the problems that were associated with the filming. The last part deals with the reflections in the newspapers concerning the short story collection The Silent Barricade and the film The Higher Principle. These are mainly reflections from the 1950s and 1960s. The aim of the thesis is to trace the process of transforming a historical event into the form of a short story and a film. This particular historical fact, which took place at the Příbram Gymnasium during the Heydrichiade, can be one example of how...
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Political Processes with Rudolf Slánský and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg from the Transnational Perspective of Ideological Struggle of the Cold War.
Kováčová, Simona ; Koura, Jan (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
Focus of the thesis is on the trial with Rudolf Slánský in Czechoslovakia in 1951 and the trial of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg in the United States in 1951, which took place parallelly on the opposite sides of the Iron Curtain during the Cold War. Its aim will not only be to compare these two trials, but also, with the use of the transnational perspective, to analyse the trials in both their respective and shared context. This is to point out their shared aspects, which from the traditional point of view, represent two opposite ideological perspectives. By incorporating political trials to the epicentre of the Czechoslovak and American political agendas during the 1950s, it is, via the use of examples such as antisemitism or construction of the image of an enemy in its respective societies, possible to examine permeability of an ideological barrier and construct in the American democracy as well as in the Czechoslovak state socialism. From the transnational perspective, with the use of secondary literature and primary sources such as the print media, audio and visual recordings, and textual transcripts of the trials, the thesis will attempt to provide a different and critical angle on the implementation of political trials by both the democratic and communist regimes, and overall, on their central...
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"Action castles" in postwar Czechoslovakia
Heráňová, Anna ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The bachelor's thesis deals with the "action castles" 1945-1947 organized by the educator and humanist Přemysl Pitter. It seeks to conceptualize it not as an isolated event, but to place it in the broader context of a position of a child in post-war Czechoslovakia. It examines its ideological origins and institutional arrangements, the process of admitting children to the castles, the rules of everyday life and the subsequent possibilities for children after their recovery. It also takes into account the national aspect, especially the specifics that concerned the German children. In addition to the naturally important role of the protagonists of the event, it also focuses on the extent of the influence of the state and the contemporary approach to health and hygiene. KEYWORDS "action castles", Přemysl Pitter, social care, childcare, sanatorium, healthcare, Czech-German relations, Czechoslovakia 1945-1947
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Propaganda in Czechoslovakia 1948-1956. Images of external enemy - production and reproduction
Palivodová, Eva ; Michela, Miroslav (advisor) ; Nečasová, Denisa (referee) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The dissertation thesis studies images of external enemies, which were part of the social and media discourse in Czechoslovakia between 1948-1956. These images are set in the context of contemporary Czechoslovak propaganda. Enemy images are sets of negative ideas and stereotypes that social groups form about competing communities. They appear in all human groups, including present Czech society. Enemy images form individual identity, identifying with one's own group, and defining oneself against the evil one. The literature usually distinguishes between two types of enemies - internal and external. Due to the wide breadth of the topic, the dissertation thesis focuses only on the dominant images of external enemies, that were represented as the primary rivals, objects of the most significant events in the Czechoslovak discourse. The dissertation consists of a theoretical and analytical part. The first chapter presents a theoretical introduction to the issue and deals with the phenomenon of propaganda. It briefly describes the historical development of propaganda, its various definitions. Furthermore, this section contains the concepts of the enemy image, its functions and the main typologies of the enemies. The second chapter puts the enemy images in the context of contemporary propaganda and deals...
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Formation and first years of Sokol Mělník
Zmek, Vojtěch ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Hlavačka, Milan (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled Formation and the First Years of the Sokol Mělník looks at a significant national phenomenon of the 19th century from a local perspective. It investigates this local organization's activities and its real impact both on the public and the association itself. It verifies the fulfilment of the Sokol movement's vision on an example of the Mělník unit. Given the geographical location of Mělník, the analysis of the history of a Czech national association, which the Sokol undoubtedly is, seems necessary to consider the national issues and their impact on the functioning of this all-age gymnastics organisation itself. In the broader context, the introductory part of the thesis is devoted to a more general introduction of the Sokol's idea, its physical education and social activities. The next sections of the thesis deal directly with the Mělník background which was necessarily affected by the Sokol headquarters' activities.
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Heart of nation. An Individual on his way to humaneness and humanity
Madlová, Ivana ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The main content of the present thesis is focused on the problem of the national discourse in the pre-March Bohemia; chronologically defined as the period of the fortieth years of the 19th century. In its concept, the thesis bases on the conservative understanding of the national question in Bohemia; it is based on the Bohemian patriotic essays of the catolic priest Bernard Bolzano and his follower, in that time liberal thinking aristocrat Count Leo Thun. Although the chronological framework, which is determined as the last decade before the beginning of the revolution of 1848 in Bohemia, the main content of the thesis focuses on the timeless problem of the past and present development of the Bohemian/Czech society in that way, in which it is understanded within the conservative approach, i. e. as a social framework for the free progress of the constituent individuals, whose individual development is depended on the mutual interaction of the individuals in the whole society. Making use of the metaphysical construct of the catholic priest Václav Frost, the author attempts to reveal the main conditions of the possible unification of the society, and with the focus on the Czech- German question, also to define the main causes of the national conflict in Bohemia. The fundamental proposition of the...
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Architectural transformation of urban centers. Czech towns 1945 - 1989.
Kurz, Michal ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the architectural transformation (i.e. redevelopment and new buildings) of historical centers in Czech towns in the years 1945-1989. The author tries to put this process into context of the period architecture and heritage conservation and to answer some basic questions. How were the conceptions of an optimal form of new buildings intended for historical surroundings being generated and developed? What factors did these conceptions influence? Why were new buildings so often being located just to these valuable town parts and who did in the process of their formation participate? The thesis is divided into five parts which are connected in time and the author emphasizes the topic continuity with the pre-war period, because we can observe the conflict between traditionalism and modernism as well as the advantages and the limits both of these methods as far back as the 1930s. The examples are chosen within the set of 71 Czech district towns except the capital city Prague. Keywords: Modernisation of historical city-centers, urbanism, architecture, heritage, 1945-1989
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