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Deficiencies and inaccuracies in measurement of MV distribution network laboratory model
Němec, Jiří ; Vyčítal, Václav (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
The paper analyzes the deficiencies and inaccuracies in measurement of medium voltage distribution network laboratory model. The aim is to propose solution to these problems. In the second chapter, basics of the theory of medium voltage network and the operating parameters of distribution grids are described. The theoretical part is mainly based on the Czech technical standards. The third chapter focuses on description of the laboratory model and it contains its label values. The fourth chapter deals with executed measurements and mathematical models created in the program PSCad. Comparison of the measurements and the computer simulations is included. Description of the measurements contains its purpose, the measured parameters and results of the measurements. Input parameters for creating computer simulations are listed and their results are processed. In response to measurements, yet unknown parameters of the laboratory model and its behavior in various operational states are clarified. On the basis of the findings, which this paper brings, it is possible to modify the laboratory exercise and thus reach more accurate results.
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Analysis of the impacts of DS element failures on reliability indicators
Vachutka, Ondřej ; Hanuš, Radek (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with the impacts of distribution network element failures on reliability indicators. Therefore it makes basic description of the reliability, the reliability indicators or the regulation of continuity in distribution of electric power. It also presents main results of the identification and evaluation of individual 22 kV elements failures in distribution network of PREdistribuce, a. s. between 2011 to 2016.
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Electric networks with DC voltage up to 1000 V
Fiala, Martin ; Kopička, Marek (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with the proposal of DC low voltage network at a voltage level of 1000 V DC in Praskolesy u Mrakotina village. Direct distribution will be realized only at the terminal, which will power the village. Next part of this thesis is theoretical and its main focus is description of both DC and AC distribution systems. The proposed DC grid will use existing distribution grid. The thesis further describes the problems of long terminals in low voltage distribution systems and electrical installation in buildings. The result of this work is a comparison of the losses between AC and the proposed DC system. The last part deals with economical evaluation and technical solution for the proposed network variant, including their advantages and disadvantages.
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Partial Solution of Hybrid System with Low-Temperature Fuel Cells and Renewable Sources
Ptáček, Michal ; Mišák, Stanislav (referee) ; Tlustý,, Josef (referee) ; Matoušek, Antonín (advisor)
The thesis deals with the principle functions of low-temperature fuel cells with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC), photovoltaic sources (PVPP) and wind energy sources (WPP), along with solving their detailed mathematical expressions. In this work, the individual sources and their simulated models are analyzed in depth. The actual simulation is preceded by familiarization with important historical milestones in the development of fuel cells. Furthermore there is a basic classification of fuel cells and the characteristics of the cells used in the energy sectors. The text also provides information on projects that address the implementation of PEMFC as a primary or supplementary source of energy. Along with outlining the options for PEMFC as a perspective hydrogen technologies in the near future, the basic methods of hydrogen production and storage options are presented for the complexity. The work is exclusively focused on improving PEMFC mathematical models that under the hybrid system cooperate with renewable energy sources (RES). Part of the theses contains a short review of run or modeled concepts of hybrid systems in the energy sector. Using these models the main deficiencies of the models or of the whole PEMFC system can be identify. Specifications of the deficiencies lead to the creation of a new advanced dynamic PEMFC model that allows an analysis of the development of electrical and non-electrical quantities using long term tests. Furthermore, the thesis presents results of the experiments of thermal and dynamic behavior PEMFC, which were obtained from the additionally extended model with a reformer and the DC/DC converter. In this text there is a model of a photovoltaic module created, which is based on the nominal values parameterization. The model is subjected to basic experiments in which measured hydrometeorological data are used. If the hybrid system utilizes renewable energy sources, it is good to know the evolution of atmospheric conditions in the installation of these resources. Specifically for PVPP, publicly available databases containing information about solar radiation levels can be used for the selected location. Public databases are often used for initial design and manufacturing options for PVPP. An evaluation of the relevancy of public databases is performed based on a long-term observation of real measured data. Furthermore, these data are used for experiments on the photovoltaic module. Partially the text addresses the issue of the wind energy sources, however, it is simulated only on a simplified model of WPP. Created models of subsystems can be generally implemented as partial inputs hybrid systems in the future work. The thesis was developed at Centre for Research and Utilization of Renewable Energy (CVVOZE) with the financial support of the National Programme for Sustainability and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under the project no. LO1210 - Energy for Sustainable Development and the project no. FEKT-S-14-2520 - New Technologies for Sustainable Development of Electrical Power Systems. The thesis was also generated under the project no. TA03020523 - Dynamic model of distribution network with the financial support of Technology Agency of the Czech Republic.
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Design of the distribution network branch for new family and apartment houses in Újezd u Brna
Frechová, Lucie ; Novák, Vojtěch (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
The work mentions the concept of present electricity networks in the Czech Republic and based on voltage levels it also describes distribution networks in more detail. Furthermore it brings the analysis of legislative conditions and technical aspects, under the rules of the distribution network operation, for new customers who require new connection to electricity network. Because of the steady-state network evaluation represents very important issue of the power system calculations, therefore it is explained in theoretical part of this work. Nowadays, Gauss-Seidel method and Newton iterative method are generally used for the steady-state analysis. Mentioned ones are also described and compared together in theoretical part. Furthermore methods are applied in practical part which solves specific configuration of the network in a given area. Moreover there are the basics of the conductor sizing in terms of the warming, both during normal operation and during a short circuit. However, it is necessary to respect other aspects of the conductor sizing, therefore issues of mechanical and electrical strength, the voltage drop and the sizing economy are also shown. There is also the characteristic of proposed and the description of the individual components which are used for the network i.e. transformation station, HV and LV switchgear, transformer, HV and LV cabling. It also concludes the characteristics of the design opportunity with their power and economical comparison.
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Design of electrical substation for office building
Ličman, Petr ; Ptáček, Michal (referee) ; Novotný, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes a design of an electrical substation for office building. The first part deals with requirements for the supply of electricity and its quality. Because of the possibility of power supply interruption, the thesis also addresses the use of alternative sources. These can be divided into static sources (UPS) and rotating sources (motor-generator). The thesis also focuses on the issue of auto-switching power sources. In the practical part, the main power distribution of the building is designed, which also contains the main elements such as high-voltage switchgear, transformer, motor-generator and UPS. Focus on alternative sources has led to creating two variants of a backup system.
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Technical proposal of distribution system using 22 kV instead of 35 kV
Kopunec, Kristián ; Matouš, Milan (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the design of the connection of the Svratecko area with the distribution network of the company E.ON Distribuce, a.s.. The theoretical part describes the energy legislation and the individual standards on which the thesis is based. It also describes the concept of a 22 kV high voltage network. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the creation of line models in the program E-vlivy, which will supply the Svratecko area and the model of the monitored area. Outputs from the thesis will be used by E.ON Distribuce, a.s. to evaluate the connection of the Svratecko area.
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Analysis of the operation of the lattice network Brno - střed
Frechová, Lucie ; Vaculík,, Jan (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
The thesis shows the historical development of the South Moravian electricity system and the development of Brno´s network is discussed in more detail, especially the current form of the network from the outskirts of the city to its historical centre. The lattice network, as a subject of the analysis, is described in terms of the operation and reliability of the power supply. It also informs about the gradual development of the technology applied in the lattice network Brno-střed. The practical part performs the analysis of theoretical data and recorded data with respect to steady-state and faulty-state operation of the lattice network Brno-střed. The theoretical analysis is based on the simulation and calculation of the lattice network model in the software PAS DAISY Bizon and the monitored parameter is the transformers power load. In addition, the analysis of the real data includes the assessment of the difference average phase current values, as well as voltage, between the transformer phases. There is also the evaluation of the energy flow from the low voltage side to the high voltage side of the analysed network.
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Design and development of the electrostatic precipitator
Kvasnička, Karel ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the design of an electrostatic precipitator and familiarization with the problems of separation on these separators. The aim of this work is to construct a functional model of an electrostatic precipitator. The principle of operation and design will be described. In addition, the design of a separator is elaborated, which was subsequently realized and experimentally verified in the CVVOZE Power Laboratories Research Infrastructure. The first part deals with the description of the legislation on air protection, the most frequent input material of separators and descriptions of the basic types of separators. In addition, the electric separator, its area of use, construction and individual components, as well as the undesirable operating state of the separator, are further elaborated. In the second part are presented the equations and calculations for the design of the separator. In the next part, the separator designer and his laboratory tests are described. The separator was subjected to basic voltage tests from the viewpoint of its operating voltage. Its functionality fits the realized experiments up to 30 kV. On the basis of this work and the production of the equipment, it is possible in the future to test the properties of flue gases and other gases.
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Potential of non-frequency ancillary services for a distribution system operator
Reiskup, Filip ; Holub, Martin (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
This thesis provides a basic overview of the ancillary services in a transmission system. It summarizes changes regarding the implementation of European directives SOGL and EBGL. It describes in detail a portfolio of non-frequency ancillary services used in the distribution systems. It evaluates the demand of E.ON distribution system potential for those services in particular locations. Practical part is focused on a potential of reactive power management in this distribution area. It evaluates reactive power flow into transmission system and indicates the most critical substations. This thesis also covers analysis of existing resources in this distribution area and assign their possible potential in reactive power management.
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