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Influence of homogamy and complementarity on partner choice in homosexual individuals.
Bártová, Klára ; Varella Valentova, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee)
Recent studies show that both physical and personality characteristics influence mate choice. Two theories explaining particular mechanisms of mate choice were proposed. Theory of homogamy suggests that individuals prefer partners with similar personality traits as they have. In contrast, theory of complementarity states that people choose mates with opposite personality traits. Main aim of the current study was to test homogamy and complementarity of personality traits in long-term same-sex male couples. The research sample consisted of 40 male homosexuals (mean age 24.2, SD = 4.6) and their long-term partners (mean age 27.4, SD = 5.2). All participants completed anonymous set of questionnaires (NEO-FFI, Spanier's test of dyadic adjustment, questionnaire focused on gender diagnosticy and revised sociosexuality orientation inventory) Each questionnaire was evaluated separately. The individual scores of participants and his partner was compared by correlational analyses. Then, we using a correlation and ANOVA analyses between couples similarity and results of Dyadic Adjustment Scale was tested. Findings showed that greater couple similarity in BMI and weight indicates higher satisfaction in the partnership. The results also showed that homosexual couples were similar in age, occupation, level of...
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Studium mikrostruktury ultrajemnozrnných kovových materiálů metodou pozitronové anihilace
Barnovská, Zuzana ; Čížek, Jakub (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivan (referee)
In the presented thesis we study the changes in distribution of the size of vacancy clusters in metals processed by severe plastic deformation, so called ul- tra fine grained materials. We use a modern non-destructive method of positron annihilation spectroscopy, which is one of the few methods that allow us to inves- tigate point defects like vacancies with sizes of a few ˚A. The obtained spectra of positrons annihilating in the samples enable us to determine changes of vacancy cluster sizes depending on temperature or severity of the deformation applied on the samples. 1
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The influence of oral hormonal contraceptive use on female sexuality: the evolutionary perspective
Klapilová, Kateřina ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
The proposed thesis is comprised of eleven papers connected by the employment of the evolutionary psychological approach in research on various aspects of human sexuality. The aim of the first monothematic part is to demonstrate the evolutionary-psychological approach to one recent phenomenon in female sexuality - the use of oral contraceptives (OC). OC use has been shown to suppress psychological mechanisms that are considered to be adaptive in the fertile period of the natural menstrual cycle. In particular, OC users' ratings of male stimuli that provide the cues of genetic quality and compatibility are lower in comparison with normally cycling women. Moreover, the increase in sexual desire and in the prevalence of proceptive behaviour observed during mid-cycle in normally cycling women is diminished. However, the impact of this phenomenon on mate-choice and relationship dynamics in an ecological context has not been studied. In the first study, we have analyzed the data of Czech women obtained via representative sampling within the Czech National Survey of Sexual Behavior. Results indicated that normally cycling women had a significantly higher number of one-night stands during the last year in comparison to OC users even when living in a long-term relationship. OC usage was also shown to have...
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Factors afecting compliance and adherence to treatment in patients with HIV
Braun, Richard ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee) ; Štech, Stanislav (referee)
The thesis examines factors that influence, directly or indirectly, the adherence and compliance to treatment among HIV/AIDS patients. HAART ensures long-term therapeutic effects and high quality of life, as long as the patients comply with the recommendations of their physicians and adhere to the prescribed medication regimens. In case of suboptimal adherence, the patients are under risk of developing resistance to the particular medication or even an entire class of ARV drugs. Still, there is a substantial number of patients who fail to adhere and to take their medication consistently, risking thereby not only drug resistance but a severe deterioration in their health status as well. The thesis uses qualitative methodology to explore both barriers and facilitators of adherence among HIV/AIDS patients in the Czech Republic. Such a research on Czech population has not been carried out as yet. The results are compared with the outcomes of foreign studies. Mills meta-analysis (2006) of 84 published research papers dealing with the subject of adherence among HIV/AIDS patients served as the basis for comparison. Key words: adherence, compliance, HAART, resistence, barriers to adherence, facilitators to adherence
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Child sexual abuse: findings of the representative study on sexual behaviour of the Czech population
Sakař, Petr ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivo (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The thesis addresses the issue of child sexual abuse. It analyses and evaluates findings of the representative research on "Sexual behaviour of the Czech population". It offers a substantial extension of present knowledge about child sexual abuse. The aim of the research: The objective of the study consists in ascertaining the prevalence and basic characteristic of the child sexual abuse (CSA) among Czech men and women; comparing of a group of sexually abused persons with a group of non-abused persons on the grounds of their demographic characteristics, psychosexual development, relational and sexual adaptation, risk sexual behaviour, violent sexual experience and attitude toward sexuality, and finally in registering the trends in the field of child sexual abuse in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2003. Research method: The quantitative research project is a part of the longitudinal research into sexual behaviour and attitudes of the Czech population. Child sexual abuse issue is one of the areas considered by original research. Data were collected by a questionnaire at the end of the year 2003. Anonymously administrated questionnaire has two versions, one for men and one for women. Each version consists of 37 items considering sexual experience, sexual behaviour, difficulties connected to sexual activity,...
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Hyperfine interactions in maghemite and magnetite particles
Křišťan, Petr ; Štěpánková, Helena (advisor) ; Procházka, Ivan (referee)
Thesis is aimed at studying of magnetic iron oxide particles of submicron and nanoscale dimensions by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 57 Fe NMR inves- tigations were carried out in composite bentonite/maghemite with respect to tempera- ture of calcination (Tcalc) during the sample preparation and in magnetite submicron powders with respect to various range of the particles size. One of the main findings is that increasing Tcalc improves resolution in the NMR spectra, which is most likely connected with higher degree of atomic ordering in the spinel structure. Evaluating the integral intensities of NMR spectra allowed us to determine the relative content of maghemite phase in particular samples of the series: the content rapidly grows for Tcalc up to ∼420 deg. An approach to distinguish signal from tetrahedral and octahedral irons was developed and tested on pure maghemite sample. Analysis based on vacancy- distribution models was performed in the spinel structure and the results were compared to the experiment. 57 Fe NMR spectra in submicron magnetite samples were found to differ markedly from spectrum of a single crystal. It was concluded that the investigated powders possess high amount of defects in the crystal structure or contain additional phase (probably closely related to the maghemite phase).
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Parent's coping mechanisms with the descendant's transsexualism
Gregorová, Pavlína ; Procházka, Ivo (referee) ; Weiss, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with parental coping with the transsexualism of their offspring. A questionnaire containing 66 items was created for this purpose. 16 parents of transsexual offspring participated in the research (12 mothers, 4 fathers). Just two offsprings were MtF, the others were FtM. 11 parents were contacted via their transsexual offspring, four parents were addressed at while attending a psychotherapeutic group for parents of transsexual offsprings and one parent filled in the questionnaire placed on the Internet. We found out that the most difficult situation for the parents was the moment their transsexual offsprings announced their transsexualism. A majority of the parents were in the state of shock and a majority also felt sorry. After that, the relation between the parents and their transsexual offspring improved. The parents evaluated the current relation between them and their transsexual offspring as sufficiently good. The person who helped the parents most to cope with the transsexuality of their offspring was his or her spouse, however in most of the cases nobody actually helped the parent. The majority of the parents managed to cope with the transsexuality of their offspring within one month. Data analysis showed that almost all parents, who participated in this research, have already...
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