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Resilience and stress situations in emerging adulthood
Rejsková, Kateřina ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The bachelor thesis is dealing with stressful situations and coping with them in the context of emerging adulthood in the Czech Republic. The aim is to find out how young people perceive the period in which they are. It is also essential what stressful situations they encounter during this period and what helps them cope with these situations. In the beginning of theoretical part the adulthood is defined. Another part is then focused on a new period of emerging adulthood, on its basic characteristics and the conditions that allowformation to this new stage of human life. After that a large portion is devoted to the issueof stress, stressful situations and coping with them, all in the context of emerging adulthood. The practical part explains methodology of research, which is based on a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with ten university students. Processing the interviews was done using the grounded theory method. The analyzed data are presented and interpreted in the practical part.
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Specifics of school maturity and school readiness in children with autism spectrum disorder from the point of view of special education teachers and primary school teachers
Nováková, Monika ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Primary target of this thesis entitled 'Specifics of school maturity and school readiness of children with autism spectrum disorder from the point of view of special education teachers and primary school teachers' is to focus on abilities and skills of children with autism spectrum disorder at the beginning of their school attendance and to look for individual preferences of respondents to the individual components of school maturity and school readiness. For this purpose a combined research has been used. Presented data are based on the study of professional literature, questionnaires, and interviews with special pedagogues and teachers. The results from both the quantitative and qualitative part of the research confirm that school maturity needs to be significantly supported and individual requirements have to be adapted in the social-emotional area and language area. Research shows that school maturity in the two above mentioned areas can be hard to achieve but school readiness is something a child with ASD can still achieve through adequate intervention. The research part also identified other factors that may affect school maturity and readiness - family, kindergarten or a teacher in both the pre-school facility and the first grade of elementary school. Keywords: autism spectrum disorders,...
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Little picky eater at home - Mothers'view of small children's problem eating
Angerová, Radka ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
4 ABSTRACT The theoretical part of the thesis contains terminology and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of problematic eating in children. The research part aimed for what problems parents understand by terms such as picky eating and food refusal. Whether under these terms all parents perceive the same manifestations, or whether there are differences. Futhermore how parents experience the problem of food refusal in their child and how they try to solve the situation. Then the results of the work are related to the possibilities of psychological intervention. Forty families'anamnesis were obtained by semi-structured interviews and subsequent qualitative analysis in the form of grounded theory and axial coding showed how parrents experienced this condition. Mothers described a total of 41 different manifestations, which can be further divided into actions and reactions. The actions were further divided into 4 cathegories (quantity, quality, appetite and environmental manifestations). Reactions show the forms by which mothers try to solve the situation and which they also experience as a part of the problem. These are various forms of coercion when eating, using of nasogastriv tube ort he need to significantly adapt to the child's eating and feeding. The results show a considerable variability of...
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Changes in teachers' attitude towards the education process during the COVID-19 pandemic
Petrovická, Barbora ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Our work is focused on the period of the global COVID-19 pandemic at its beginning, specifically in the spring and autumn of 2020. It particularly features the area of Czech educational system. We aim to reflect how the pandemic and the closely related distance education in schools affected teachers' attitude towards the education process and also their mental health. In the theoretical part we aspire to define basic terms, such as the teacher's personality, professional growth, motivation, stress, burn-out syndrome and mental hygiene. In addition, we offer an explanation of the process of distance education. The empirical part was realized via semi-structured interviews with teachers of theoretical subjects on vocational schools who were involved in the educational process during the time when it was forced to be led online. The most troublesome issues were the following: the teachers' inadequate technical skills and low self-confidence related to those, but also the minimal support from the schools' management regarding both the training in usage of on-line tools and the need of care of students', school employees' and parents' mental health. KEYWORDS personality, professional growth, motivation, mental hygiene, burn-out syndrome, COVID-19 pandemic, distance education
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Engagement in the Catholic Church alias Letter of intent
Legnerová, Eva ; Baštecká, Bohumila (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the relationship commitment in the context of engagement and the period until marriage of Roman Catholics, who celebrated the Catholic engagement ritual. It aims to describe the process of engagement of Catholic couples and the way in which they understand the engagement commitment. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the personal, societal and ritual aspects of engagement. The second chapter explores the psychological notion of commitment and selected psychological theories of commitment. The third chapter captures the emphasis of the Roman Catholic Church on strengthening the couples' commitment in the period from engagement to the wedding ceremony. The time of engagement is a transitional period, during which a person needs to prepare to abandon their existing social position and accept a new one (from single life to the life of a husband/wife). The social environment, which the individual is a part of, comes into forefront during that time. The Catholics put stress on using this time to dutifully consider whether the engaged couple wants to accept the sacrament of marriage. It is important to note that there are attractive and repellent forces at work in each romantic relationship, which determine its quality and...
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The relationship of an educator and children in the children's home
Pavlatová, Aneta ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The objective of this Bachelor thesis is on the topic "Relationship between an educator and a child living in a children's home" is to describe relationship between an educator and a child in children's home environment. The theoretical part clarifies subjects connected to children's homes issue, the educators' occupation and foster care, this part also describes psychosocial process and the importance of family in child's social development. The practical part is then based on my experience from individual children's homes and presents gathered data from interviews with the educators. Based on the data analysis I found factors influencing the relationship between an educator and a child. The analyses also clarified what the actual relationship looks like and what role the educator plays in it. Thanks to this research, other difficulties connected to the institutional care issue were found. Four types of educators were detected, furthermore specific behavioral patterns connected to the types of educators were described. KEYWORDS Relationship, psychosocial development of a child, substitutional care, children`s home, educator
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Evaluation of an Educational-Psychological Counselling Centre's Primary Prevention Programme
Divišová, Nikola ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This bachelor thesis evaluates a primary prevention programme of one educational- psychological counselling centre. The aims of the thesis were to evaluate whether the programme met the Professional Competency Standards for School Providers of Primary Prevention of Risk Behavior, to describe its strengths and weaknesses and to formulate recommendations for further improvements of the programme. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the topic of primary prevention, important terms in the field of primary prevention and relevant publications. There is a chapter dedicated to theory of evaluation as well. The empirical part of the thesis evaluates the programme of universal primary prevention implemented by an educational-psychological counselling centre in Prague. It contains descriptions of the programme's strengths and weaknesses, as well as recommendations for further improvements. The Professional Competency Standards for School Providers of Primary Prevention of Risk Behavior were used as the evaluation tool. The scoring system provided together with the Standards was used for this purpose as well. The evaluation showed that some standards in the mentioned publication were not met by the programme. Some problematic areas and other issues worthy of attention were also identified and...
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Psychological counseling for university students
Goldsteinová, Raquel Sarah ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kučerová, Olga (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of psychological counseling for university students. The aim of this thesis is to examine the state of psychological counseling services at Charles University. The main research areas are quality, awareness and accessibility. Emphasis is placed on how specific students perceive the quality and availability of psychological counseling services at Charles University. The partial goal is to at least superficially map the system of psychological counseling at Charles University. The theoretical part contains the description of the network of psychological counseling centers. This section further describes the age periods in which students are located. The next part contains a list and characteristics of psychological problems with which students go to counseling centers most often. The practical part is based on a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire was sent out via social networks and was intended for all current and past students of Charles University. It was used to obtain respondents who had experience with psychological counseling at Charles University. An interview was then conducted with them. The analysis of the data obtained in this way reveals obstacles that prevent students from accessing psychological counseling. Key...
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