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A phenomenological view of colour
Zhu, Pingbo ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
Masterthesis Eine phänomenologische Betrachtung der Farbe A phenomenological view of colour Pingbo Zhu Every colour theory begs a space theory. A main aim of the space theory is to catch the core of knowledge: through knowing something we can know the world outside of us. This thesis is to illustrate a different way of defining colour by introducing a phenomenological way of talking about space. This question will thus be answered: why is colour a quality of an object and at the same time a content of sensation of subject? Thus a solution probably is that colour is a phenomenological bridge of objects and subjects. Some philosophers, who hold a standpoint of physicalism may argue that all mental states and activities can be reduced thoroughly to physical states and activities. Another claim would be that all sensations are the results of the activities of brain nerves. But in the following paragraphs I will analyse why a colour theory with the standpoint of physicalism cannot explain away colour. A phenomenological view of colour will therefore emphasize the necessity of the independence of mental activities, in other words, sensations and perceptions, which give rise to a better explanation of colour.
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The concept of "naked life" by Giorgio Agamben
Kogure, Saki ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
Title: Le concept de « vie nue » chez Giorgio Agamben Sub-Title: La théorie de la souveraineté et la théorie de la subjectivation dans la philosophie politique agambenienne Abstract: This thesis studies the theory of sovereignty and that of subjectivity in the political philosophy of Giorgio Agamben. It presents Agamben's concept 'bare life' (la vita nuda) in a dialogue with the two theories, thereby producing a new social criticism against the violence inherent to the law.
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Ethical signifying in late Levinas
Bierhanzl, Jan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Calin, Rodolphe (referee) ; Bensussan, Gérard (referee)
The paper here presented attempts to retrace the course of the ethical signifying. Although the main characteristic feature of this movement of signifying is the « for-the-other », we show that following the double phenomenological method called concretisation-andemphasis, Levinas accomplishes this movement by means of other features: « unique sense », « starting from the self », « despite oneself », « the other in the same », « I am an other », « for nothing » and « by the other ». The chapter II brings a borderline feature « one-for-all-the others » which articulates ethics with justice. It has an ambivalent status between brotherhood (responsability for the close neighbour and the distant one) and justice (relation between equals) and is a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for the genesis of language. Eventhough, this list is not exhaustive, but simply indicative. This paper is not anything more than a digression in the movement of ethical signifying, an infinite movement, which precedes diachronically every attempt to give an account of it and interrupts the sense that the author believes putting in words. Then the investigations here presented can be interpreted as different modalities of the Un-saying (Dédire in french) of the Said which consists in putting in evidence the exception of the...
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Problem of immanency by Deleuze lectrice of Sartre
Soskin, Jonathan ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Gléonec, Anne (referee) ; Dufourcq, Annabelle (referee)
Jonathan Soskin June 2012 Master Erasmus Mundus Europhilosophie The problem of immanence in Deleuze's reading of Sartre Abstract This paper intends to explore, more partly than partially, the relationship between the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and that of Jean-Paul Sartre. Such a relationship can be named an apprenticeship, since Deleuze published his very first essays right after the war after reading Being and Nothingness, that impregnates these youthful texts, then entitled his 1964 tribute to Sartre "He has been my master", evokes in several important interviews the major role Sartre philosophically played for him, and moreover praises Sartre's non- subjective conception of the transcendental field in his very last text, "Immanence: a life…", where The Transcendence of the Ego is used to back up Deleuze's own conception of immanence, as it is already the case in What is philosophy ? where for the first time Deleuze dedicates with Guattari a whole chapter to the "plane of immanence". Couldn't the problem of immanence in Deleuze therefore be traced back to his reading of Sartre ? Such is the thesis contained in these pages, where it is argued that immanence is not for Deleuze a solution ready-made in Spinoza or the first chapter of Bergson's Matter and Memory before consisting more essentially in a...
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ENIGMA OF STORY NARRATED
Chacón, Federico Alfredo ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
Federico Chacón Abstract of Thesis : L'énigme de l'histoire racontée. Une ontologie narrative du récit historique. In Time and Narrative, Ricoeur postulate a narrative replica to the apories of time thinking. However, a careful reading may show that not only there is a discontinuity between narration and history, which limits the scope of the replica, but still that this replica, interpreted as refiguration, finally leads to an enigma where hermeneutics meets its own limits. Our analysis begins with a critical reading of mimetic circle as it is exposed on TR1. In addition to a profound redistribution of topics, we argue that the narrative orientation is only a possible orientation of the sense of action. On the other hand, our interpretation of the Poetics of narrative (TR3) leads to the conclusion that, despite of appearances, all analyzes on time connectors stand below the problem of historical narrative and, thus, that the target replica is already in the middle of praxis. In addition, "the fictionalisation of history" appears as a detour which is not concerned with the real refigurated past but with an ethico-political issue, or only whit the fiction. Our search for the meaning of the refiguratif then closes on the interpretation of the meaning of représentance as putting the whole issue under the sign...
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Me impersonal by young Fichte (1794-1800) - in the light of fenomenology contemporary
Tai, Yuen Hung ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
Le Moi impersonnel chez le jeune Fichte (1794-1800) - à la lumière de la phénoménologie contemporaine Yuen-Hung TAI (2009-2011 Erasmus Mundus Master) Our studies aim at interpreting the notion of I in early Fichte (1794-1800) in the light of contemporary phenomenology. It is essential to understand the Fichte's I not as a overhanging and substantial subject, but rather as the place of encounter between I and Not-I, subjects and objects. We attempt to answer the following four problems starting from Fichte's conception of I. (1) What is the practice of philosophy? (2) What does it mean by I? (3) How could I know myself? (4) Where I move myself as being alive?
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Man in life
Held, Lukas Amadeus ; Novotný, Karel (advisor) ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (referee)
The object of our master-thesis is to draw a comparison between Michel Henry's phenomenology of life and Hans Blumenberg's philosophical anthropology, in order to show that both philosophies can enrichen each other and even solve some of the internal problems we will name and analyse. Several "classic" philosophical problems and questions will guide us through our argument: from esthetical and poetic questions, the problem of modern technology to a comparison of the phenomenology of Blumenberg and Henry. Finally, we will unify both standpoints to a new variation of phenomenology by trying to defend the thesis that Henrys phenomenology of life is ruled by an underlying anthropologism: Henry's "Vie" can only be understood as "human life", as "vie humaine".
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Expression and meaning. Towards the problem of language in E. Husserl's philosophy 1900-1914
Urban, Petr ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Polívka, Jiří (referee) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
The present thesis deals with Husserl's philosophy of language in the period of 1900 - 1914. It aims to present a complex interpretation of its main features, transformations and inner tensions. We use the method of immanent interpretation, i.e. we do not put Husserl's thought into a broad historical context, but interpret it exclusively against background of his own philosophy as a whole. The text is divided in two main parts. The first one is devoted to the Logical Investigations (1900-01) and presents its basic analysis of the meaningful use of lingual expressions. In particular, we focus on the concept of lingual expression as a meaningmediated intentional relationship to an object and we explain it against the background of Husserl's project of the phenomenological elucidation of fundamentals of an a priori and objective theory of science, namely the pure logic. The second part deals with lectures and research manuscripts dating from 1901 to 1914. First, we explain the important breakthrough of the noematic concept of meaning in reference to the Lectures on the Doctrine of Meaning 1908 and related research manuscripts. In the next step, we explore the Manuscripts for the Revision of the Sixth Logical Investigation 1913-14. In these texts Husserl reaches his most mature approach to the phenomenon of...
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The relation of parts and whole in the work of Christian Ehrenfels and Edmund Husserl
Janoušek, Hynek ; Čapek, Jakub (referee) ; Novotný, Karel (advisor)
Cílem této práce bylo předznačit prostor vyhrazený motivům, kvůli nimž se na konci 19. století zčistajasna vynořila řada koncepcí tvarových kvalit,figurálních momentů,fundovaných obsahů či jak jinak jejich autoři nazývali věc, o níž nám zde šlo. Filosofie, jejíž "střední proud" tenkrát často nevěděl, nemá-li být spíše pojmově uvědomělejší fyziologií a/nebo psychologií, pomáhala v těchto a podobných koncepcích nenápadně připravovat půdu explozi tvarových a strukturálních motivů v obecně humanitních směrech 20. století. Zkoumání této půdy by bylo jistě věcně zajímavé, provedeno bylo zatím jen v částech. 144 V úvahu by jistě přicházely i jiné dobové proudy - herbartovská psychologie, neokantovství, voluntarismus či ruský symbolismus, popř. marxismus nebo pomalu se regenerující zájem o Hegela. Všechny tyto směry přinesly množství implicitních úvah o "strukturách" a jejich vývoji.
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