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The Natural Resource Course? Regional Level Analysis
Burdych, Tomáš ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Tichý, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the existence or absence of a curse of mineral resource (more closely specified in the form of so-called curse of natural resources) namely on the most important mining regions of the selected group of developing countries with significant mining sector. The aim is to capture the regional benefits of mining, or its negative impact with the help of indicator of the relative position of the quality of life of the mining region (relativized to the other regions of watched country). You can see the greatest benefits of the work in this approach of monitoring the impacts of a possible curse (or benefit) of mineral resources at the regional level, as the majority of similar thesis is devoted to the comparison of countries, or the individual studies. The reader finds an overview of the basic mechanisms and factors affecting the use, benefit or a curse of mineral resources, as well as partial specifically aimed analyzes watched mining countries, including the determination of mining regions and finally a summary of reclaimed pieces of knowledgee, including the attempt of interpretation. The thesis also specifies the factors and mechanisms that underlie the curse, or the benefits of mineral resources among the group of countries and their mining regions. Key Words: Nature Resource...
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Software approaches for development hygiene and sanitation in developing countries and influencing factors
Kačmáčková, Kamila ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Preis, Jiří (referee)
Jméno a příjmení autora: Bc. Kamila Kačmáčková Název bakalářské práce: Software approaches for development hygiene and sanitation in developing countries and influencing factors Katedra: sociální geografie a regionálního rozvoje Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Doc. RNDr. Josef Novotný, Ph.D. Rok obhajoby: 2015 Abstrakt The subject of this master thesis are software approaches for development right sanitation behavior. First part - theoretical describes hygiene and sanitation section and specific type of development projects - software approaches. Practical part of the thesis based on the systematic review describes external factors influencing sanitation behaviors. Result is summary of influencing external factors categorized into five groups: socio-cultural, economic, political, and physical-geographic and factors of current sanitation conditions Keywords Hygiene and sanitation, development countries, software approaches, behavior change, factors, context
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Possibility of developing the motivation of current pupils in the 1.st grade of primary school
Třasáková, Daniela ; Mazáčová, Nataša (advisor) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
Processing of my thesis is focused on the possibilities of support of the first grade scholars on primary school. In this theoretical part deals with the general characteristics of pupil motivation 1st grade of primary school learning. More detailed characteristics of individual innovative teaching strategies that help to increase pupils motivation for learning, and their importance in education. In the practical part deals with research to determine how teachers think about the motivation of students in relation to the use of innovative teaching strategies and identify innovative teaching strategies and approaches used in teaching. The survey is carried out through a questionnaire completed by the teachers of the first grade of primary school.
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Spatial behaviour of immigrants: analysis of spatial relatedness between migration groups
Hasman, Jiří ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Baláž, Vladimír (referee) ; Netrdová, Pavlína (referee)
The entry of immigrants into their incoming country as well as their subsequent spread over the country's territory occurs through processes that have a strong spatial bias. The specific migration groups (here defined as the set of immigrants with the same country of origin) tend to reveal different levels and patterns of their spatial concentrations. The understanding of these similarities and dissimilarities in spatial behaviour is important task from both academic and policy perspective. This thesis has a quantitative character and it is based on the study of "spatial relatedness" of migration groups, which is defined as a rate, how much do given migration groups concentrate into the same regions. The thesis is based on a simple assumption that the spatial relatedness mirrors mutual proximity or similarity between these groups in other respects (e.g. cultural or economical). Plenty of datasets describing spatial distribution of migrants within 32 territorial systems on various scales (from global to local) are analysed. These systems will be analysed separately at first and then a synthesis of these partial results will be done with the aim to discover prevailing pattern of the spatial relatedness of migration groups. The assessments consists of several steps, which include particularly calculation of...
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Child labour in developing countries
Dvořáková, Pavla ; Těšinová, Michaela (advisor) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
Child labour in developing countries Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the child labour and its occurence in developing countries. The main aim is to present the basic view of this problem. The term of child labour relies here on Convention on the Rights of the Child and conventions of International Labour Organization. There are several types of child labour, in which children appear most, including the worst forms of child labour. Every type includes description of activities performed and their consequences on children. Child labour is influenced by society and family, demand for child labour, economics shocks and the lack of access to education. All mentioned causes of child labour are related to poverty. Selected solutions of child labour are divided into assistance from the state, employer, international organizations, govermental projects and nongovermental organizations. Keywords: child labour, developing countries, family
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Determinants of life satisfaction in Czechia with the focus on geographical factors
Procházka, Petr ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Andráško, Ivan (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyse determinants of subjective well-being in Czechia and to compare them with other empirical evidence from Czechia and abroad. Main theoretical approaches include those emphasising "psychological" factors and those emphasising factors outside of the human personality. Data from the Public Opinion Research Centre of more than 2,000 respondents from Czechia of years 2013 and 2014 were analysed statistically. Measures of so-called global and local subjective well-being were dependent variables. Independent variables include "geographical" and demographic variables and other dummies. It was confirmed that people living in more populated buildings, with a lower space mobility, older, of a lower employment status or unemployed, lower education and left-wing oriented declare usually a lower results on the subjective well-being, too. Gender and income had variable effect on the subjective well-being. Theoretical assumptions were not confirmed considering the settlement size, mode of commuting and religion.
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Gender inequalities in Kenya
Sehnalová, Klára ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Ptáček, Pavel (referee)
The topic of this thesis is a gender inequality in Kenya. The main goal is to identify a Kenya's position within the East African Community in term sof gender inequality. The position is identified through descriptive comparison of gender indexes and other indicators, and furthermore through their achieved results within the Millennium Development Goals, particularly those focused on gender issues. Another comparison is held among the members states of East African Community on the basis of government's approach towards such issues. Second goal of the thesis is to analyse the gender inequality in Kenya. Specifically the main causes and factors which influence the inequality in Kenya. I tis important as the causes and factors of such inequality have negative effect on the relation between socio-economic growth and decreasing gender inequality. In other words, the thesis analyses the gender inequality on two level - "externalʼʼ (international comparison) and "internalʼʼ (discussion of the conditionality of gender inequality in Kenya). Key words: Kenya, East African Community, gender, gender inequalities, empowerment
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Analysis of surnames in Chrást (near Plzeň): geographical aspects
Kouba, Čestmír ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Hasman, Jiří (referee)
ANALYSIS OF SURNAMES IN CHRÁST (NEAR PLZEŇ): GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS Abstract This thesis analyses surnames as geographical data. It focuses on a case study of Chrást municipality (near Plzeň). In addition to a descriptive analysis of the set of local surnames, it uses surname data to analyse relatedness between local population and populations of other Czech municipalities and examines the isolation by distance hypothesis. Some parallels between biological relatedness and surname surname relatedness are also exemplified. The results confirm a significant impact of distance on surname differentiation. Keywords: surname spatial distribution, isolation by distance, Chrást, migrations, isonymy, genealogy, spatial relatednes
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Activating the elderly with dementia in residential homes
Zelená, Zora ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
In the theoretical section we have focused on the process of ageing and made a geographical and statistical assessment. The base was our country's legislative framework for providing care to the elderly with dementia, the issue of the illness of dementia, its causes, as well as the approach and care provided to people with dementia. We drew from the terminological definitions and theoretical resources for employing elderly people with dementia. We have made a note of the philosophical and psychological source. We lay emphasis on information concerning the possibilities of employing elderly people with dementia and their activation. We have followed theoretical resources which, in employing these people, are especially constructive for the users, providers and above all for the family. In all the items observed we respected the limit given by the diagnose of dementia. In the practical section, we have paid attention to already existing activities employed in residential homes for the elderly with dementia. We give a list of some types of homes where people with dementia are placed and where a survey was made. We see the chief asset of the master's thesis in creating a questionnaire, describing the administration and evaluating the gained information on employing the elderly with dementia. We have...
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The Social State Building in Developing Countries: A Case Study from Rural India
Kubelková, Jana ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Daněk, Petr (referee) ; Pavlík, Petr (referee)
A favourable macroeconomic performance of many developing countries has been accompanied with apparent needs to make the growth socially inclusive. The social state building and social protection is gradually considered as a crucial element of economic and social development strategies in developing countries. Previous concern based predominantly on a basic-needs approach is gradually shifting towards a rights-based approach (associated mainly with socio-economic rights). This new generation of social protection stresses an active involvement of all actors in development process and investments in human capital building. Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is one of the biggest social intervention ever undertaken and is used as an example of such shifts. MGNREGA has emerged as a major effort of Indian government to mitigate number of problems in rural India. This thesis provides a multidimensional analysis focusing on various effects of MGNREGA and their interaction in a given regional context, when it is widely and properly implemented. A case study from rural Tamil Nadu draws on 1264 structured interviews in households and 125 semi-structured interviews with local employers and officials. It shows a distinction among diverse MGNREGA impacts when it is seen as a...
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