|
|
Comparison of lustration laws in Central European states: Czechoslovakia, Poland and Baltic states
Srb, Jáchym ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The paper: "Comparison of lustration laws in Central European states: Czechoslovakia, Poland and Baltic states" describes the emergence and application of the lustration laws in context of the political transformation of these states from the begining of the 90s. The main objective of this paper is to answer the question, what are the differences and similarities in the functioning of the lustration laws in these states and whether there is a single explanation for their divergence. For this purpose the paper describes the political and historical background from which these laws emerged in each state separately. This part, among other things, outlines the concept of the "double-tracked" lustrations in Latvia and Estonia, where the laws followed both the collaboration rationale and the ethnical divide. The paper also aims to critically outline the most prominent theoretical approaches to the aforementioned question of the disparities between lustrations in different states. The second aspect of lustrations, which this paper examines, is their conformity with the standards of the European Convention on Human Rights. From analysing the judicature of the ECHR, the paper concludes that the court was very self-restrained in examining these laws and only intervened in the cases of clearly excesive scope of the...
|
|
|
Debt Brake as an Instrument for Consolidation of Public Budgets in Germany
Sillmen, David ; Mlsna, Petr (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The presented thesis examines the process of adoption of new constitutional rule - debt brake - into german Grundgesetz. Germany attempts to establish the debt brake not only on European level, but also recommends other EU states to accept it. The goal of this thesis is to descripe and evaluate the process which has led up to acceptance of the debt brake as one of potential solutions to stop the excessively growing indebtedness and which has been by far influenced by the work of II. commision for federalism reform. The thessis strives to answer the questions if there was political, expert and social agreement on the issue, how does it influence budget sovereignty of the federal lands and if it really can be an effective instrument in the effort for stopping of indebtness increase, alternatively if it brings any effect even before it came into force, for example in the form of preparing of the budgets for 2016 and 2020 respectivelly. One part of the thesis is dedicated to Swiss debt brake, which served as a model for the german one, especially in terms of it's functionality. Even though it is complicated to evaluate the debt brake before it came into force, the results of the thesis showed for example the problematic nature of the relation between debt brake in the Grundgesetz and individual...
|
|
|
The Motivation of the Federal Republic of Germany behind the Introduction of the Euro
Hadravová, Tereza ; Dvořák, Pavel (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the time period between 1988 and 1990, when the future Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) was formed in the European Community (EC). As an introduction into the topic the author outlines the development of monetary integration in the EC until the establishment of the European Monetary System (EMS). The aim of this thesis is to discuss the main motivation actors, that could have lead Germany, the strongest economy of the EC, to support the project of monetary integration. Possible factors are divided into two main groups - political and economic. Each factor is described and accompanied by an analysis, if and how the factor played a role in Germany's motivation. The part concerning the political background of Germany's motivation begins with the fact, that it was the foreign minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher who introduced the topic of monetary union. The text further deals with the unsustainability of the Bundesbank's dominant status in the EMS and the strong as well as symbolic position of the D-mark. The part about political motives is concluded with a subchapter about Germany's reunification, which too place during the time when the EMU was intensively discussed. Within the economic motivation the author analyses four different economic points of view. The first one...
|
|
|
The return of Poland and Czechoslovakia and the entry of Hungary to International Monetary Fund.
Veverka, Jan ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
Bachelor thesis "The Return of Poland and Czechoslovakia and the Entry of Hungary to International Monetary Fund" deals with the early membership of these three central European countries - Czechoslovakia, Poland and Hungary - in the International Monetary Fund. First the thesis deals with how both Czechoslovakia and Poland were involved in the process of setting up the IMF and how they both terminated their membership in the beginning of the fifties, later the thesis deals with the circumstances leading to the Hungarian membership in the International Monetary Fund in 1982, to Polish membership renewal in 1986 as well as to Czechoslovak membership renewal talks in the 1980s. There has been a substantial change in economic and political setting in Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Poland after thirty years of disparate economic evolution and political separation via "iron curtain". At the same time, the character of IFM changed as well, and it was this coincidence that lead to the change in the attitude towards the IMF membership on the side of all above mentioned states as well as of the international organization itself.
|
|
|
Rise of Renewable Energies in the Government of Gerhard Schröder 1998-2005
Lohnertová, Daniela ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyse the causes leading to the German 'green energy revolution'. The elections to the Bundestag in 1998 brought a significant change to the German political scene. By creating a coalition consisting of representatives of the social democrats and Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen, the sixteen years old coalition of CDU / CSU and FDP was interrupted. This break was the result of a long-term societal development and the impact of the anti-nuclear movement, which started its forming at the beginning of the 70th years. This phenomenon is described in the first chapter of this work. The red-green government of Chancellor Gerhard Schröder enforced promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources and the gradual restriction of nuclear energy. The historical turning point in the conception of the Energy Policy brought the Renewable Energy Act, which sets fixed feed-in tariffs for electricity from renewable sources. It entered into force in the year 2000. The intensions that led to this decision are examined in the second chapter. A new concept of financing the social security system by implementation of an ecotax (Ökosteuer) and the development of innovative technologies designed by German industry count to the main reasons. Despite initial disagreements between the...
|
|
|
The Potsdam Agreement in the Reunited Germany
Lipenská, Dana ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with the document that determined the form of Central Europe after the Second World War. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first one is about the legal nature of the Potsdam Agreement, particularly if it can be considered as a valid international treaty, effectual for Germany. The core of the second part lies in the effect of this document on forming relations among Germany and Poland and Czechoslovakia, later only the Czech Republic. As far as Poland is concerned (the crucial was particularly the change of boundaries and their anchoring in the Oder-Neisse line. Regarding Czechoslovakia the most important article is the article XIII, where it was decided to transfer German inhabitants orderly. Germans from Czechoslovakia established a Sudeten German expatriate association in Germany which just in time after the unification of Czechoslovakia began to develop an activity that was an essential element in the formation of official relations. There are different legal opinions, political documents and international treaties which the above mentioned states had concluded.
|
|
|
Nuclear Power in the Green Party Agenda before and after the first Phase - Out - Agreement in Germany
Šestáková, Gita ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The red - green coalition in German national government agreed in the autumn of 1998 on a phase - out nuclear strategy, a conclusion made after long - term public debate. This thesis works with agenda setting and advocacy coalition theory in order to discover the efficiency of Green party's attempts to realize its vision of nuclear phase - out. This goal of the Greens has remained unchanged since the establishment of the political party; yet the promoting of the concrete aspects was strongly influenced by other actors interested in the energy policy. The position of the Greens in the final agreement process was disadvantaged and the party had to agree on many compromises. After the disaster of Fukushima, German government decided for a quicker nuclear exit. In this perspective, the Greens use their stable anti - nuclear image as a positive aspect for the latest national elections campaign.
|
|
|
German Energy Policy and Renewable Energy Sources - from Nationalization to Pragmatisation?
Pánková, Barbora ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with German energy policy and renewable energy sources in the period of 1990-2012. Ensuring of stable, regular and uninterrupted supply of energy is one of the most important parts of security of every modern state. The main objective of this thesis is to create a suitable frame for German energy policy and especially for policy of renewables using theory of Pavlína Springerová. This theory deals with nationalistic and pragmatic approaches to energy policy and Springerová formulated this theory in the context of research of energy policies in Latin America. In the beginning, both approaches are presented. Then the attention is devoted to energy mix of Germany, advantages and disadvantages of renewables for Germany, energy programs and laws between 1990 and 2012 and current situation in Germany. The last chapter tries to clarify German energy policy of renewable energy sources using Springerová`s theory of approaches to energy policy.
|
|
|
The measures of the German government in dealing with the global crisis 2008/2009: The substance, criticism, and impacts
Nikšová, Petra ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
Germany accounted for one of the worst affected countries in the global economic crisis 2008/2009. The economy was plunging and banks were finding themselves in financial difficulties. German government had to find an opportune and accurate response to this situation. To stabilize the situation the German government used possible measures of the cyclical and growth policies. For this reason, the government enforced the Financial Market Stabilization Act, the first and the second economic stimulus package and the Growth Acceleration Act. These measures focused on the support of the supply and demand in economy. The government had to deal with a numerous critique of professional public, political parties and trade unions. In 2009 the elections took place and the government changed as a result of it. Despite of it the stabilizing measures still continued. The German government managed to enforce the proposed measures and despite of many doubts it was able to stabilize the economic situation. There was a re-growth in 2010. Key words: bank, investment, economy, crisis, Germany
|
|
|
Funding of political parties - legal regulation, control, transparency
Valenta, Jakub ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The subject matter of this paper is an analysis of the current system of political parties funding in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to critically assess the current legal regulation and to point out potential shortcomings and possibilities for improvement. At a time when public confidence in political parties is characterized by a systematic and long-term downward trend, it is a recent and widely discussed topic. We may well ask whether the legal regulation of this issue does not provide room for improvement and innovation. The extensive topic is structured into two areas - the question of financial resources and the question of control and transparency. The paper is composed of five chapters. Chapter one deals with the political parties in general and with the law of political parties, especially with constitutional aspects. The second chapter examines the financing of political parties, its basic principles, models and division. In brief, it covers also the development of funding. The subject of the third chapter is a detailed description of the funding of political parties in the Czech Republic. In the fourth chapter the thesis deals with control, transparency and enforcement, at both the general and the specific level, when Czech regulation is subject to scrutiny. Chapter Five is...
|
guest ::
