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Latitudinal diversity gradient of vascular plant species in the alpine areas - fact or fiction?
Anderlová, Nikoleta ; Sklenář, Petr (advisor) ; Macek, Martin (referee)
Latitudinal diversity gradient is assumed to be a general phenomenon, and therefore should also be applicable to vascular plants in alpine habitats that are specific in many aspects - especially in the high diversity and endemism. Latitudinal patterns in plant diversity in tropical and temperate alpine habitats have not been examined so far. The situation is complicated by different methodical approaches and inconsistent usage of terms based on existence of many different definitions. This literature review indicates that the existence of the latitudinal diversity gradient above the tree line cannot be confirmed because of the reasons mentioned above. This work points out the gaps in research and therefore can be used as inspiration for further studies and as an overview of basic information regarding this subject.
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G Suite at Universities: Possible Benefits and Risks
Macek, Martin ; Haupt, Jaromír (referee) ; Ellederová, Eva (advisor)
Cílem této bakalářské práce je popsat a porovnat informační systémy čtyř českých univerzit, konkrétně Vysokého učení technického v Brně, Masarykovy univerzity, Univerzity Tomáš Bati ve Zlíně a Mendelovy univerzity v Brně. Práce se zaměřuje na celkový vzhled a design popsaných informačních systémů, se zaměřením na organizaci, přehlednost a navigaci mezi moduly a aplikacemi systémů. Navíc se bakalářská práce zaměřuje na konkrétní moduly informačních systémů, zejména na rozvrhy, emaily a zprávy, úložiště souborů a systémy řízení výuky – tyto moduly jsou analyzovány a hodnoceny studenty daných univerzit v praktické části práce. Dále práce analyzuje a popisuje Google Aplikace, jejich bezpečnost a soukromí a praktická část také zjišťuje užívání Google Aplikací v osobní a univerzitním životě. Práce rovněž diskutuje a soustředí se na synchronizaci a konverzi informačních systému s G Suite vyplývající z výsledků kvantitativního výzkumného šetření.
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Ecology of the pathosystem Vinca minor - Puccinia cribrata in natural populations
Vaníček, Jiří ; Koubek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Macek, Martin (referee)
5 Absctract Environment and demographic characteristics of host population are important factors affecting incidence and severity of plant diseases. The aim of this study was to reveal possible effects of microclimatic and edaphic characteristics and host population demographic factors on the biotrophic pathogen Puccinia cribrata, microcyclic rust parasitising clonal evergreen plant Vinca minor. I studied the ecology of this pathosystem in natural populations of V. minor in the Soča valley in the Julian Alps in Slovenia. Rugged terrain of the Soča valley with different bedrocks allowed to study pathogen distribution at topographically diverse forest and scrub sites, greatly differing in soil depth and canopy structure. P. cribrata was significantly more likely to occur in the themophilous forest with shallow calcareous soils and open canopy than in the mesophilous forest types. Its prevalence (proportion of diseased stems in population) was also highest in this type of vegetation. Most important host population factors were population size and population density positively affecting incidence and prevalence respectively. Additionally, I tested various vegetation and topographic indexes derived from remote sensing for usability in prediction models. It appears that vegetation indexes connected with canopy...
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The state of the Natural Regeneration in Bavarian Forest National Park, 10 Years after the Total Death Parent Stands
Červenka, J. ; Wild, Jan ; Svoboda, M. ; Kopecký, Martin ; Macek, Martin ; Brůna, Josef ; Zenáhlíková, J.
The presented research is focused on the state of natural regeneration (Norway spruce and Rowan), 10 years after total death of parent stands in the core untouched part Bavarian Forest National Park. The 16 permanent plots 40m x 40m are located on the southeast of Bavaria. We determined exact height, size of the last height increment, condition and species of trees. Number of saplings were counted and classified by heights. These number ranged from 53 to 17276 saplings per hectare. The spruce species composition was 96.7%. The height structure of spruce shows that almost 73% found spruce trees reached heights greater than 0.5 m. The average height increment increased with increasing height of saplings. This paper presents state of natural regeneration in mountain spruce forests in Bavarian Forest National Park without the human influence in summer 2010, 10 years after total death of parent stands.
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The Regeneration Stand and HeighIncrement 10 Years after a Dieback Caused by Bark Beetle Outbreak
Zenáhlíková, J. ; Svoboda, M. ; Wild, Jan ; Kopecký, Martin ; Macek, Martin
In 1990s the bark beetle outbreak caused a dieback of mountain spruce forest in Sumava National Park. We analyzed structure of mature stands and natural regeneration more than 10 years after a dieback in 1998. After that forests have been left without human interventions. Nine square plots (400 m(2)) were measured by technology FiledMap. It was examined: trees, snags, stumps and regeneration. Tree layer is completely destroyed, there are only standing stumps, snags and lying logs. There are any mature trees. The dominant species was spruce (Picea abies), only one living rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) was on P60. There were only 25 livings trees higher than 3 m on all plots together. In regeneration density was dominant spruce - 97 %, rowan was represented with 4 %. The number of regeneration differed between plots and covers variation in density which ranched between 1260 12000 ind/ha. Height of regeneration has normal distribution with mean 46 cm, which agrees with age of 10 years. This indicates majority of regeneration established before or in time of stand decomposition. Striking was minimal rate of young individuals, which means lower generative restoration in phase after dieback of tree layer. Height increment increases with increasing height of regeneration. Stand openings lead to expansion of herbal vegetation.
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The importance of clearings on plant communities in Podyjí National Park
Pusztaiová, Zuzana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Macek, Martin (referee)
In this thesis I deal with various aspects of influence of clearings on plant communities in NP Podyjí. Special space is dedicated to light-demanding, threatened and alien plant species, and their response to light improvement. The area of the Podyjí NP has been used by people continuously for a very long time. There is therefore a whole range of plant species, linked to a certain anthropogenic disturbance regime. I observed the development of plant communities using phytocenological relevés on six pairs of clearings (isolated and connected with open habitats), created in 2011 and 2012. At the same time, I also investigated the adjacent closed-canopy forests and open forests on the edge of the canyon. During the first year after cutting, there was a significant increase in diversity and species cover in the clearings. In the following years, significant changes took place on isolated clearings, as the zone of closed-canopy forest delayed low colonization by new individuals in first years. In the clearings, diversity and abundance of plants were significantly higher than in the closed-canopy forest and open forest. The number of endangered plant species was the highest in open forest. Several unique species of endangered plants have been recorded on clearings. These species have not been found in...
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Early vegetation succession at conifer forests in CR
Šmidrkalová, Monika ; Hadincová, Věroslava (advisor) ; Macek, Martin (referee)
In coniferous forests take place natural or human-made disturbance processes (wind, fire, pests, logging,…), which disrupt forest landscape. These processes are the main force driving the forest dynamics around the world. Damaged or destroyed sites in forest after disturbances immediately starts regeneration. Forest development on disturbed sites depends on various abiotic and biotic factors, which are: seed availability (seed sources, distance from clearing, disturbed site size, dispersal ability, surrounding vegetation effect), suitable stand (open site, climatic conditions of site, soil properties, site topography, presence of animals) and site history before disturbance. Idealized course of succession, take place in forests after disturbances, starts with ruderal annual species entrance and it is continued with herb perennials and shrubs followed by early-successional trees and late-successional trees. The most common method in research of succession is phytosociological sampling of different aged successional stages. Vegetation succession on disturbed sites in coniferous forests of the Czech Republic has not been described a lot so far and we also particularly miss studies researching a succession in the areas of pine forests with dominating Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Key words: forest,...
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Influence of understory light on diversity and composition of forest vegetation in the České Středohoří Mts.
Macek, Martin ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Černý, Tomáš (referee)
Light is essential component of forest ecosystem, as limited light availability in forest-floor restricts herb and tree seedlings growth. Importance of light availability for maintaining plant species diversity and community structure wasn't sufficiently evaluated in the Czech Republic. This study focus on the ecological relevance of light availability on both landscape and local scale. Relationship of light to cover, diversity and species composition was quantified in the thesis. Dominant tree species affected light availability and its spatial variability. Light availability was along the soil reaction and slope most influential factor for large-scale species diversity. Within-site light variability affected plant diversity more than soil reaction variability. Measuring light by means of hemispherical photography seems to be an appropriate for studies like this. Light availability influnence on community compostition is weak in comparison with other environmental gradients.
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Automatization of User’s Data Backup in Danaher Motion s.r.o. Company
Macek, Martin ; Duroň,, Jiří (referee) ; Kříž, Jiří (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis focuses on creating centrally managed application, which will be deployed on client’s laptops and workstations of all employees of Danaher Motion s.r.o. company in Brno. Its main purpose is to automatically backup email archives of Microsoft Outlook application represented by PST data files to a network storage equipped by hard drive fault-tolerant system called RAID. The application is created in Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Express Edition C# environment.
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