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Transformation of the Czech foreign development cooperation
Fidlerová, Tereza ; Nováček, Pavel (advisor) ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Transformation of the Czech foreign development cooperation" deals with current change of the system of Czech development cooperation. The original system was too fragmented and ineffective. Responsibility for development projects was divided amongst departmental ministries as well as the budget for development cooperation. The system was complicated and needed to be improved. This thesis notes what made the system ineffective and how and by whom the process of transformation was started. That means it maps what has already been changed and what still has to be changed. In the process of transformation the neglected suggestions given by Development Assistance Committee DAC/OECD, evaluating the Czech development cooperation in 2006 - 2007, are uncovered. Consequently, remarks of Czech experts on development cooperation on what else needs to be paid more attention to are included. In conclusion, all observations and suggestions are summarized and scenarios of the Czech development cooperation are created.
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Educational aspirations of primary and secondary school students in the Czech Republic within an international context - who is interested to study in the fields of naturals sciences, technology and engineering and who does really study these fields
Basl, Josef ; Matějů, Petr (advisor) ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Valenčík, Radim (referee)
This thesis deals with an interest in educational and occupational career in natural sciences, technology or engineering. With reference to knowledge economy concept, I suppose that high-professionals in natural sciences, technology and engineering significantly contribute to development in science and innovations of a country. Therefore two groups with the highest potential to become high-professionals are of my focus - university students and 15-year old with university aspirations. I did not found any significant effect of family background on interest in future study and/or career connected with natural sciences. Effect of attended secondary school, in particular effect of information on science careers students get at school, was found very strong. However, at the tertiary level, natural sciences, technology and engineering students, compared to students in other fields, recruit from rather lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The findings presented within this thesis are in agreement with declared provisions and current activities done in the Czech Republic to support interest in natural sciences, technology and engineering. My suggestions stress two issues - career guidance and study programme lyceum.
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Higher Education in France and the United States: Historical Development and Structure
Ruggiero, Christopher Alan ; Kalous, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
In September of 2005, The Economist magazine released a survey of higher education1 declaring that "America's system of higher education is the best in the world. That is because there is no system." Three reasons for America's success were cited: limited involvement of the federal government; a spirit of competition between institutions of higher learning; and the idea that American universities were not afraid to abandon a strictly classical education and be 'useful'. By contrast, the survey portrayed European higher education as an archaic 'mess', citing fundamental problems such as too much state control and the lack of freedom at the disposal of institutions of higher learning to manage their own affairs. This paper will explore the argument put forth by The Economist by presenting higher education in the United States and France. The reason for choosing France is because it represents, in many ways, the archetypical model of centralized, state control. The position which each nation embodies in higher education and in many other aspects of society - centralization versus de centralization, the so-called French model versus the Anglo-Saxon model - warrants explanation. The idea that the French state is reluctant to embrace liberal reforms, or that the United States worships the free-market has become...
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Methods for Analysis of Switched Circuits
Kovář, Jan ; Ondráček, Oldřich (referee) ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kolka, Zdeněk (advisor)
The dissertation deals with simulations of the DC-DC converters in their basic configurations (Buck, Boost, Buck-boost, Cuk, SEPIC). In the first part of the thesis derivation of transfer functions Line-to-Output (LTO) and Control-To-Output (CTO) can be found. These symbolic responses are derived for three types of basic converters (Buck, Boost, Buck-boost) using well-known average model [1]. Derived expressions are very complicated. For reduction of these expressions symbolic approximation method was used, however the generality is lost. The average model was used to for decreasing the computational effort of analysis of DC-DC converters in the time domain. For these simulations VHDL-AMS language was used. The main topic of the thesis is harmonic balance method, which was adapted to DC-DC converters. Because conditions and assumptions for LTO and CTO functions are very different, harmonic balance method was derived into two variants. For obtaining of LTO response, duty cycle of switching signal can be considered as constant in time. Spectrum of this signal is simple as follows from well-known sinc function. For obtaining of CTO response PWM modulation must be used. Compared to sinc function spectrum of PWM modulation is richer (contains more combination frequencies). Many types of PWM modulation is described in [31]. For simulation PWM modulation with uniform sampling in two variants (single and double edge) was used. Non-ideal switching of PWM switch was modeled by PWM pulse with defined slew rate. Last section deals with comparison of all derived functions (LTO, CTO, modulation type, defined slew rate) with well-known averaged model.
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Design of linear external excitation drive with oscillative motion
Gärtner, Jan ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Singule, Vladislav (advisor)
This thesis deals with design of linear external excitation drive with oscillative motion. In the first part of the work is shown describe types of linear motors. Further is a part of analysis of concrete linear drives from patents database. In the next part of this work is straight design of linear external excitation drive with oscillative motion. The conception in-clude geometric model created with software Solidworks, calculation of forces with software Ansys and dynamic models of mechanical and electrical part of drive with software Mat-lab/Simulink. And is a mentions possibility of controls of this drive too.
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Remediation of former In-Situ uranium mining region.
Kříž, Jakub ; Kalous, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
Remediation process of region, formally exploited for chemical leaching of uranium, is based on pumping water contaminated mostly by residuals of sulfuric acid from the relevant geological horizons. The contaminated water is then treated in a chemical plant. In the treatment process evaporators play the key role. Presently operating evaporators – three units – are of falling film type. Heating service is provided by compressed vapor that is generated by evaporators. For driving the compressors and associated circulating pumps of each unit electric power of 3,4 MW is required. In the evaporators treated solution is distributed into individual tubes by nozzles of cyclone type that are mounted at the top end of tubes. In the evaporators feed solution contains calcium sulfide of low concentration. Once the calcium sulfide concentration in the evaporating process reaches the state of saturation, even locally, fouling is initiated. Thus the solids start to grow on the inner surface of the tube wall and the nozzle’s openings become restricted. The evaporator performance – evaporating rate – gradually declines and when it reaches the bottom limit the evaporator has to be shut down. This is followed by carrying out the cleaning procedure. At the time when the evaporators started operating (1996) the period between shut downs lasted around a half a year. However, gradually, this period has become substantially shorter – presently it may even last one week only. The thesis proposes two ways of approaching the present hardly acceptable state. First, replacement of distributing nozzles by a set of properly perforated sieve trays secures the uniform distribution of solution into each individual tube. Second, evaporators’ duty will be taken over by newly build multi-flash concentrator that will substitute the presently operating evaporators. Configuration of this new equipment is derived from widely used multi-flash distillation of sea water. Heat required by the concentrator’s end heaters is drawn from a gas turbine exhaust gas. Steam provided by Heat Recovery Steam Generator is supplied to the condensing heat exchangers installed on the evaporator’s feed stream. Generator coupled to the gas turbine, fueled by natural gas, provides the electric power of 30 MW for export.
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