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Comparison of physical therapy of trigger points in the upper portion of the trapezius muscle using ultrasonotherapy and laser phototherapy
Krulík, Jan ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains information about anatomy of the trapezius muscle and its myofascial pathology. Author further discusses trigger points, their histopathology and diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. A significant section of the theoretical part explains the physical principle of ultrasound therapy and laser phototherapy, including clinical aspects and their use in the treatment of trigger points. The practical part is focused on comparing the efficacy and relative effectiveness of two methods of physical therapy - ultrasound therapy and laser phototherapy, where myofascial trigger points treatment effect can be expected. Research group is made up of 47 patients divided into two groups. These patients have a doctor confirmed trigger point in the upper portion of trapezius muscle. The first group of patients is treated by exactly parametrically defined ultrasound therapy. The second group of patients is treated by specifically defined laser phototherapy. The aim of this thesis is to compare the above mentioned physical procedures in terms of subjective and objective efficacy in the treatment of trigger points and also to compare their relative effectiveness.
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Effects of Vojta's reflex locomotion on lung function
Drábková, Lenka ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Introduction: The aim of this thesis is to answer a question if it is possible to influence ventilation parameters with an application of Vojta's reflex locomotion, which is one of the neurophysiologic techniques. The thesis confronts actual knowledge and relation between respiratory and postural function of "respiratory" muscles and the diaphragm and possibility of its reflex affection. Methods: With a spirometry we assess the impact of short-time activation of Reflex locomotion on the lung functions in a group of 21 healthy subjects in age 18 - 33 years. The study evaluates the effect of activation in two situations. First, it is instantaneous effect of Vojta's method on lung function. Second situation is the assessment of the time duration of evoked effect of activation and make out, if the changes are seen also after 25 minutes over the end of Vojta's stimulation. Results: Based on the interpretation of the both monitored situations, we set up an observation that short time activation of Vojta's reflex therapy has an effect on respiratory mechanics and thus on the spirometric values. At the other side we realize that not all of the changes were significant and some of them were unadvisable. Moreover all of them had very short persistency, after 25 minute none of the observed changes of lung...
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Dysphagia failure of the upper esophageal sphincter in patients after stroke
Gregová, Daniela ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
Stroke is one of the most frequent causes of dysphagia, a serious symptom triggered by affected coordination of the swallowing muscles or limited sensation. This bachelor thesis focuses on providing a compendium of literature concerned with dysphagia and demonstrating how the symptom occurs after cerebrovascular accident. The first part discusses the swallowing process and stroke from anatomical, physiological and neurophysiological standpoint. Second part presents a closer view of the upper sphincter of esophagus, additional healt problems caused by dysphagia and possibilities of alimentation and brings up a set of the most frequently used diagnostic methods. From chapter 4 and 5 on, the thesis describes methods and technics that can be involved in the treatment of patient with swallowing difficulties and casuistry of a patient suffering from serious dysphagia caused by cerebrovascular accident.
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Physiotherapy impact on the stability of standing and selected clinical parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis
Honsová, Kamila ; Hoskovcová, Martina (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis "Impact of physiotherapy on stability in stance and selected clinical parameters in Multiple Sclerosis patients" is aimed to study problems of disturbed postural stability in connection with this disorder. Research was made to evaluate the impact of two-month's physiotherapy, based on sensomotor learning, on the balance in stance, gait parameters and related functions. The sample of 6 patients with disability EDSS = 5, age 43 and more than five years course of MS on average, were undergoing a battery of clinical and paraclinical tests. Questionaire method was used for assessing quality of life parameters. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Disorders of temporomandibular joint disc
Keilová, Marie ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
The bachelor thesis is about disorders of temporomandibular joints. It focuses mainly on explication of the diseases that affect joint disc. It provides complete inforrnation about the etiology of the diseases and their clinical symptoms. The main aim of the thesis was to summarize inforrnation about treatment for those disorders. It has focused on conservative treatment, mainly on physiotherapy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The intervention of physiotherapy in the treatment of dysarthria after stroke
Nováková, Kateřina ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Lenka (referee)
Stroke is the most comman cause of the speech disorders in adults. Dysarthria, as a motor speech disorder, is one of them. The treatement is based not only on vocal and articulatory exercices, but it requires the complex rehabilitation treatement. The benefit of the physiotherapeutic intervention beside speech therapy might be large. The treatement of the muskuloskeletal system allows to see the orofacial disorders in the context of the posture of the whole body. This work wants to make a view on the process of speech production and to describe relationship of the musculoskeletal system and speech. This work also summarises the basic informations about pathogenesis of dysarthria and particularly about the treatement. The swallowing disorders are also very comman complication of the stroke and occur very often with dysarthria. The aim of this work is to describe the specific role of the physiotherapy in the treatement of dysarthria and look for some possibility of the cooperation between physiotherapist and clinical speech therapiste. The form of the work is the research with case history. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Monitoring of the impact of external load on activity of shoulder girdle muscles during abduction in scapular plane.
Knorová, Kateřina ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Master's thesis "Monitoring of the impact of external load on activity of shoulder girdle muscles during abduction in scapular plane." is focused on changes of muscle activation pattern in response to increase of strength demands. Theoretical part begins by review of the prevailing theoretical work regarding the adaptaion of neural and musculoskeletal systems to training and differences in its outcome due to various parameters of exercise. Last chapter discusses the principles of coordiantion- strength functional reserve. Experimental part consists of an electromyographic study following a pilot study executed in 2012. The subject of this study were changes in onset time and peak activity time of five shoulder girdle muscles in three model situations: A) without external loads, B) with light load (1kg) and C) with excessive load (3-10kg). The results demosntrate different pattern of muscle activation in situation with excessive load in comparison to situations witout loads and with light load. The difference of the patterns was demonstrated in both parameters (onset time and peak activity time) and reached significant values. Based on these data, we claim, that there is a top borderline of the coordination-strength functional reserve in between the light and excessive loads that we chose, and that...
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Changes of posturality after operation according Nuss
Počtová, Barbora ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
Background: Pectus excavatum is the most common deformation of the chest, affecting mainly boys. The etiology is unclear. Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize the patients with pectus excavatum and clarify changes of posture after surgical correction by Nuss. Method: 19 patients (17.3 ± 1.9 years) with pectus excavatum chest deformity were tested a day before and 6 months after surgical correction of the chest according to Nuss. Testing included: clinical examination of range of motion in the shoulder and hip joint, range of motion of the spine Thomayer test, Shober and Stibor distances, as well as paraclinic test mCTSIB on Balance Master ® System and the questionnaire method by means of Pectus Excavatum Evaluation Questionnaire. Statistical significance was determined at 0.05. Results and Discussion: The results show that the correction of the chest has a significant influence on the evaluation of and satisfaction with appearance, increases range of motion of shoulder joints and spine, and positively affects postural stability and balance. Conclusion: A simple and non-invasive tests have shown that the effect of correction of the chest is not just a cosmetic nature and can be an incentive to continue to study this issue.
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