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Federalization of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and its reflection in Czech and Slovak daily press
Jozífek, Radek ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Benda, Josef (referee)
Thesis "Federalization of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and its reflection in Czech and Slovak daily press" deals with the way selected Czech and Slovak newspapers reflected preparations and enactment of "Czechoslovak federation Act". Thesis is composed of four parts. The first describes history and evolution of relations between Czechs and Slovaks: foundation of their common state, creation of separate Slovak state, reconstruction of the republic after Second World War and later events. It explains why federalization was so important topic for Slovaks in 1968. The second part explores the situation of media in Czechoslovakia in 1968, when the censorship was banned during liberalization process of "Prague Spring". However, this process was cut off by the invasion of members of Warsaw Pact to the country. The third part is concerned with "Czechoslovak federation Act" itself, frames this important amendment of "Socialist" constitution from 1960 in Czech constitutional history. The fourth part reviews the way how Czech (Rudé právo, Svobodné slovo, Lidová demokracie) and Slovak newspapers (Pravda, Hlas ľudu, Smer) reflected federalization in selected time periods of 1968 and 1969.
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Restitution of property of the former noble families after the year 1989
Benda, Josef ; Pavlíček, Václav (advisor) ; Malý, Karel (referee) ; Musil, Jan (referee)
V. ABSTRACT/ ENGLISH SUMMARY The objects of this dissertation thesis are restitutions of property of former noble families in the Czech Republic after the year 1989. It concerns very controversial theme; this statements is even more valid if we speak about disputable restitutions of property. The issue is only rarely viewed from complex and impartial angle; this fact is caused i.a. by great complicacy of the factual and legal substance. Even the availability of historical documents is problematic, too. The public is frequently not aware of or has even no idea on certain key facts of individual cases, as a result of which usually only certain matters are perceived; this subjective perception is strengthened by individuals, who are from various reasons interested in ending the controversies concerning restitution of property of former noble families in favor of these former owners; these individuals use during their activities different instruments, which are described in detail in this dissertation thesis. In their efforts, the media are frequently their important backers, who not from interest, but due to unfamiliarity or ignorance, stress in some cases only the facts in favor of the former owners of property, which ends in deformed view of public on some very disputable cases. This dissertation thesis is...
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Results of libel in press in the relation to the relevant moral rights especially in the area of private law in the Czech Republic
Stonjeková, Lenka ; Benda, Josef (advisor) ; Connelly Kohutová, Radka (referee)
This graduation thesis, entitled "Results of libel in press in the relation to the relevant moral rights especially in the area of private law in the Czech Republic" examines press interference into relevant moral rights. The first chapter describes the historical foundations of personal rights protection, as well as their international and European connections. The second chapter discusses the power of media, and the means used for its maintenance and strengthening. In the third chapter, an outline of motivations for publication of news press, which balance between righteousness and libel. In the fourth chapter, an assessment of the clash between freedom of speech and protection of privacy, which are categories guaranteed in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The content of the fifth chapter is fundamental because it provides a thorough analysis of the law which governs personal rights, with a focus on the civil code, press law and procedural rules. The sixth chapter brings sight of rules established by autoregulation. It deals with self- censorship, the journalist's code of ethics, self-controlling authorities and so on. In the seventh chapter, the author examines the motivation behind submitting an accusation for the breach of personal rights. The motivation can be a real and legitimate defence...
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Promotional activites of companies promoting nutrional supplements in the context of legal regulation of advertising in the Czech republic
Černá, Nina ; Winter, Filip (advisor) ; Benda, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the legal and ethical side of advertising of nutritional supplements. In the first (theoretical) part, the thesis covers the definition of advertising, theoretical conception of the advertising law, its development, historical context and the present regulation of advertising in the Czech Republic. An important part is the self-regulation of the advertising industry and its authority in the Czech Republic - Rada pro reklamu. The thesis also includes the main acts and important conceptions which are connected with the advertising industry. Another point is the regulation of advertising industry in the European Union and the application of European directives in Czech conditions. The topic of this bachelor thesis is connected with the advertising of nutritional supplements and its difference from the advertising of medicaments. We can often see various adverts of nutritional supplements which are deceptive in some way. Mostly it is very difficult to recognize if the product is a medicament or a nutritional supplement. There is a big difference between them, but the public is influenced by promotion and believes that a supplement can help with treating diseases. It can be very dangerous because it is often easier to buy a "magic box" with some pills and believe in its effects...
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Freedom of expression versus right extremism in case law of ECHR
Málková, Lucie ; Moravec, Václav (referee) ; Benda, Josef (advisor)
My bachelor thesis deals with freedom of expression, as it is formulated by the European Court of Human Rights in its practice. In the introductory part I describe the most relevant normative theories of media and I suggest, how they can be reflected in a law. I am going to demonstrate, how theory of media can influence a certain decision of a court. In my thesis I am concerned with the conflict of the right to arbitrarily spread a media content and need of our society to defend itself from extremist activities. I am describing the intricacy of the relation between democratic society and extremism. Democracy is built up on the pluralism of ideas, but some ideologies can be harmful to it. Law is a means of regulation of human behavior also in the area of mass media. I discuss how law can contribute to a correct behavior of mass media. I mention the most important instruments of human rights protection and why is the European Convention on Human Rights so significant. My thesis focuses on analysis of chosen judgements of the European Court of Human Rights. Using these decisions I demonstrate when, under which conditions and for what reasons is it possible to limit freedom of expression. My work seeks an answer to the question, if a position of an individual differs from a position of a professional...
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The personality of Williiam Randolph Hearst
Šmelhausová, Veronika ; Benda, Josef (referee) ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor)
The Bachelor work deals with the life and work ol' the prominent media mogul W. R. Hearst who lived in the second half of the 19th and beginning of thc 20th century. It delivers answers regarding his approach to press, to journalistic work and summarizes his contribution to further development of journalism. Hearst's life journey is followcd fom his early childhood through adulthood. Other important people surrounding Hearst and influencing his further development are also introduced in this work. Hearst is not pictured here only as an unapproachable media personality, but also as a human being who errs and succeeds . As part of the work, the historic era and the introduction into life in local society are treated. What follows is a mapping of journalism during that time and mcntion of the most significant figures. An important part of thc work is Hearst's career in newspapers, which details his entry into journalism and follows his further steps in media markets. The next part focuses on his building of a media empire in the contcxt of historic and cultural events. The final part mentions media mogul R. Murdoch, who compares his work in the press with W. R. Hearst's. The Baehelor work summarizes Hearst's eontribution to journalism and brings a new angle to his personality.
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The New Yorker Magazine
Vališová, Alžběta ; Benda, Josef (referee) ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor)
This bachelor thesis, "The New Yorker Magazine," details the history of the title publication, from its founding in 1925 to its current rendering in 2009. The work's primary emphasis revolves around the circumstances under which the magazine was founded, briefly describing the atmosphere of media and journalism in the 1920s, while introducing some of The New Yorker's major contemporaries. It likewise concentrates on founder Harold Ross, a crucial figure in the magazine's history, revealing his life, tough starts as an uneducated reporter and journalist, and all that contributed to the realization of his dream in founding his own magazine. Consideration is also given to Ross' successor. William Shawn, who came to The New Yorker as a young journalist in the thirties and became editor following the former's death in 1951. Noteworthy moments and people during the long editorships (Ross was an editor for 26 years and Shawn for 36) of both men are covered, with descriptions of their respective personalities and shared passion for the magazine, as well as the differences in the way each ran the magazine. Current editor, David Renmick, along with predecessors, Robert Gottlieb and Tina Brown, are then introduced, all of whom made efforts to follow in Ross's and Shawn's philosophical footsteps in their approach to...
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The role of media during formation of public opinion on the course of criminal proceedings
Fuksová, Veronika ; Benda, Josef (advisor) ; Bednařík, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis called The Role of the media in shaping public opinion on the course of criminal proceedings deals with the issue which lies on the border between legal and media science. Its aim is to explain the relationship between these two areas on the basis of criminal proceedings, both in theory and practice using real criminal cases. Diploma thesis primarily deals with the legal base of the media and its relationship to some important principles of criminal law, namely the principle of presumption of innocence and the principle of public prosecutions. The principle of presumption of innocence and its violation affects the personal rights of offended person, so this work is also focused on comments relating to the personality protection against unauthorized interference which may occur in the context of criminal proceedings, both by the authorities involved in criminal proceedings as well as from the media. For the media sector there are some typical legal institutes correcting such interference which are presented in this thesis as well. As already mentioned, the thesis has practical dimension within which there are four essential criminal cases of 2015 examined through different media platforms that informed about these cases. The final section summarizes the findings which were achieved in...
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