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War againts terrorism on the background of Just War Theory
Slavíková, Petra ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The day of September 11, 2001 which was primarily seen like an ordinary day was significantly written into the world's history. The worst terrorist attack of all ages were commited in the United States, nearly 3.000 people were killed during the attacks. American administration in response to the attacks declared the "war on terorr", which was mainly represented by military interventions to Afghanistan 2001 and Iraq 2003. Inseparable part of Bush's foreign policy was National Security Strategy, which is the strategic basis for invasion to Iraq, approved on September 2002. This concept of this analysis is dealing with these three concrete events of american foreign policy which are specified on the background of Just War Theory JWT. Concretely on the basis of category jus ad bellum - right to war. The main aim of this work is to explore compatibility of these missions with the principles of just war and find out whether operations were launched justly according to JWT. National Security Strategy NSS - which is discussable in the current international system with the regard of the controversial concept of preemption - is important part of the research too. Pre-emptive strategy is confronted with the just war theory, primarily in the sence whether it is possible to consider preemption like just cause...
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Turkey's accession to the European Union - Democratization Process in Turkey and Rights of the Citizens of Kurdish Origin
Trakslová, Michaela ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze and interpret the basic parameters and progress of the human rights of the Kurds in Turkey in the context of accession negotiations with European Union, as well as confirmation of the assumption, that EU pressure on Turkey in the context of accession negotiations leads to the strengthening of human rights and fundamental freedoms of the Kurds. This assumption is verified by comparison of the situation of human rights of the Kurds in the time, when Turkey was admitted candidate status and situation at present. The comparison will be based primarily on the Regular Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession for the year 1998 and the Regular Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession for the year 2009. The work also mentions the theme of Kurdish nationalism and the effect of the Kurdistan Workers Party, and the motives, which led the European Union and Turkey to joint meetings about accession, and mentions as well other factors such as the Turkish economy, and geography.
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Turkish Immigration in France in the Context of French Immigration Policy
Millionová, Pavlína ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The thesis Turkish Immigration in France in the Context of French Immigration Policy analyses the influx of Turkish immigration into the French state. It covers the period from the 1960s to the present. In the 1960s immigrants from Turkey started entering France as guest workers and after a while they were joined by chain immigrants and asylum seekers. All the stages of immigration are discussed in the text one by one and they are examined as a phenomenon that has been heavily influenced by French immigration policy. The rate and form of the influence of French immigration policy constitutes the main aim of the paper. It also introduces the conditions in Turkey that have led people to emigrate. The paper addresses the common linkages between each stage in the immigration process and the subsequent development from one stage into the next. It is argued that such an interconnection limits the influence of French immigration policy to significantly reduce, or even halt, the immigration process. On the other hand where it does not influence the amount of immigrants in total, it affects immigration in the way immigrants from Turkey enter France. It also modifies the composition of immigrants and their status in the host country. The target of the paper is to place the issue of Turkish immigration into...
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Geopolitics of the Caspian Sea Region in the context of the legal regime for the exploitation of its resources
Černý, Jakub ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee) ; Gebhart, Jiří (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Jakub Černý GEOPOLITIKA REGIONU KASPICKÉHO MOŘE V KONTEXTU PRÁVNÍHO REŽIMU VYUŽÍVÁNÍ JEHO ZDROJŮ Rigorózní práce Praha 2011 Rigorózní práce 3 Autor práce: Mgr. et. Mgr. Jakub Černý Konzultant: PhDr. Emil. Souleimanov Ph.D. Rigorózní práce 4 Resumé: Práce se zabývá otázkou určení právního statusu a rozdělení Kaspického moře v širších geopolitických souvislostech. Problematika je nahlížena z pohledu mezinárodního práva v kontextu mezinárodních vztahů mezi relevantními aktéry, na úrovni lokální, regionální a globální. Teoretická analýza aplikace odlišných právních výkladů je zasazena do celkového kontextu vztahů relevantních regionálních a globálních aktérů s cílem dokázat, jak politika a zájmy jednotlivých států determinují jejich výklad mezinárodního práva. Ukáže se, že spíše než pobřežní státy, kterých se určení právního režimu - pravidel rozdělění a využívání prostoru a jeho zdrojů - fakticky týká, ovlivňují proces aktivity globálních hráčů sledujících region geostrategickou perspektivou (nejen) v souvislosti s kontrolou jeho významných energetických zdrojů. Summary: Subject of the thesis is the definition of the Caspian Sea legal status in wider geopolitical perspective. The Caspian case is analyzed from the perspective of the international law in the...
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Discursive energy security : narratives and public relations in natural gas pipelines. Nabucco vs. South Stream case study
Khasabova, Alina ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The paper studies the theoretical and practical application of public relations to the geopolitical nature of international energy projects in order to expand our understanding of the energy sector's domination of the current political and social environments. More specifically, the paper analyses how energy companies that exhibit close links to the state are able to create and cultivate beliefs in the legitimacy of their exploitation of society's resources in pursuit of their country's national political interests. The focus of the paper is a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the competition for legitimacy between Nabucco Gas Pipeline International GmbH and Gazprom's South Stream Pipeline. The paper analyzes the discursive competition between the two pipelines over existence in, and legitimate domination of, the European discursive space. It then compares constructed narratives to quantitative factors that shape the European energy market and technical and financial specifications of each pipeline on the basis of its ability to adequately meet European energy demands and enhance European energy security. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate how Nabucco and South Stream have been able to overcome discursively their technical and financial shortcomings to become perceived as geopolitical tools in a...
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Ancient blood, modern vengeance: the impact of traditional culture and blood feud on violence in Chechnya
Cozort, Kathryn ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Pikal, Kamil (referee)
This paper examines the impact of traditional Chechen culture, especially the continued practice of blood feuds, on violence in the republic. First, an in depth discussion of clannish society is used to show how and why such traditional characteristics and ancient customs have been allowed to thrive among the Chechen people, especially those living in the highlands. The focus then turns to the strong concept of honor that flourishes in Chechen society as the main motivator of blood feuds. The more detailed discussion of blood feud itself and its ancient and modern practice show the potential for and realization of widespread violence in Chechnya. The Chechens are a people with deep historical roots and a strong collective memory. The events of the past, especially conflict with Russia, greatly influence the events of the present and future. The modern Chechen identity is a unique mentality, which combines role of teip and its strong influence on society with the rise of nationalism, and later Islamic nationalism. The recent wars in Chechnya have also had a defining characteristic on the Chechen people and their psyche. When this kind of crisis is combined with the traditional Chechen culture and a propensity for violence, the outcome can be devastating, especially when violence is radicalized and...
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Hizbullah: A Phenomenon of the Transformation of Terrorist Movement into Political Party
Harmach, Daniel ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The thesis follows the political development of the Lebanese Shia movement Hezbollah from its radical beginnings in the 80th, through the first political success in the early years of the 90th, to the contemporary situation. Hezbollah is an example of phenomenal transformation to the politically powerful entity with its own political party and significant power, which was often stronger than a real power of Lebanese government. The aim of the paper is to highlight the dynamic process of transformation of terrorist movement into a political party. The process is operationalized at two levels than. The analysis follows the external nature of the Lebanese political system allowing the transformation of Hezbollah; the interior follows the development of participation of Hezbollah. The process of transformation is depicted not only during key parliamentary elections in 1992, but also in the context of subsequent political developments, which resulted in a dominant position of Hezbollah in the Lebanese government. The text also embedded Hezbollah to the overall context of the Shia fundamentalist movements and the author tries to provide the potential outlines for its further development. The author also believes that the conclusions of the work can enrich the overall outlook on Lebanese Hezbollah and to provide...
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(A)symmetric dynamics of the conflict in Sri Lanka
Granátová, Lenka ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Dopita, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis (A)symmteric dynamics of the conflict in Sri Lanka is an attempt to apply the theoretical concept of asymmetric conflicts and asymmetric warfare to the empirical case of the conflict in Sri Lanka and to figure out whether or not the asymmetric nature of the relationship between the sides of the conflict was the cause of the conflict's long term persistence and incapability of finding a durable solution to the conflict . In order to do so, the author first introduced the theoretical framework itself and highlighted the most significant features which were furthermore employed as the tool for the following analysis. On this basis the conflict in Sri Lanka was set into the theoretical framework and relevant asymmetries between the two counterparts - the Sri Lankan government/army and the organization of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam - were identified. As the next step, the author tried to embrace the variable dynamics of the conflict in terms of relevant asymmetries and also symmetries which came to being within the course of the conflict. Since the symmetric situation is deemed to be more advantageous for finding the solution to a conflict, the author focused on the impact of the "symmetrization" on the prospects for the solution to the Sri Lankan conflict. However, the final findings...
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The aspects of neo-Ottomanism in the Turkish foreign policies toward Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo
Nagy, Gergely ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Pikal, Kamil (referee)
The thesis examines the aspects of neo-Ottomanism in Turkish foreign policies toward three Balkan countries - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo -, focusing on the developments of the last decade. Turkey has become quite active in the Balkans and in these countries in the last few years, however, this activism is not without any antecendents. These areas were the core European territories of the Ottoman Empire and after the dissolution of this entity, Turkey still attached special importance to these countries, albeit during the Cold War relations were cooler. On the other hand, with the fall of the Iron Curtain, the rise of the AK Party to government position and Ahmet Davutoglu becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs in Turkey, the Balkans started to receive particular "limelight" in Turkish foreign policy. New ideas, expressions, approaches were incorporated into the forming self-confident and assertive foreign policy of Turkey. However, this new policy, referred to as neo- Ottomanism in many cases, infered criticisms too, from the West and from local politicians in the Balkans too. The thesis aims to remake and remodel this expression by highlighting other, more positive elements of it. Turkey's political, economic, cultural and military relations with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and...
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Geopolitical Importance of Turkey: Opportunities and Perspectives of Turkish foreign Policy
Thim, Michal ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
Diploma thesis "Geopolitical importance of Turkey: opportunities and perspectives of Turkish foreign policy" deals with development of foreign policy of Turkish republic from the perspective of geopolitics during two periods: interwar period and new era which has come for Turkey after the end of Cold War. Emphasis is added on the role of geopolitics (i.e. influence of geographic location, regional security, bilateral relations etc.) on foreign policy making. First period is one of formation of foreign policy principles, second of challenges and changes that post-Cold War era pose for these principles. Final analysis examines possible heading of Turkish foreign policy in mid-term period of time perspective.
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