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Critical points in the Czech language at elementary school
Dygrínová, Gabriela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Štěpáník, Stanislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the critical points of teaching Czech language at the elementary school. The aim of the work was to identify the citical points of teaching Czech language to the sixth grade of the elementary level. The identification of the critical points was done through a qualitative analysis of the discussions lead with teachers of Czech language. The theoretical part of the work characterizes the Czech language curriculum in the sixth grade and its didactic apporoach in commonly used textbooks. Conceptions, such as the cricital point and the mistake are defined. The practical part of the work contains the analysis and the interpretation of the discussions carried out with the teachers. The program Altas.ti was used for the evaluation of the obtained data. The critical points of Czech language in the sixth grade of the elementary school were found to be the phenomena in the realm of syntax, morphology, and spelling. In the realm of syntax, the critical spots of the greatest weight were: the ability to think logically, the knowledge of the basic linguistic phenomena, the understanding of the syntactic relationships and the terminology. In morphology, the ability to distinguish between the parts of speech, the case determination, and the recognition of the number of the collective and the...
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Language analysis of the selected texts of the Pinvicka collection
Klubalová, Jana ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Palkosková, Olga (referee)
This thesis deals with the language analysis of the Tandarias poem published as a part of Pinvicka collection which was written in the 2nd half of 15th century by Jan Pinvicka z Domazlic. The attention is paid to the description of ortography and all language dimensions. The main aim of this thesis is to describe the language statement of the relic and evaluate the influence of the previous versions of theTandarias poem on the examined version published in Pinvicka collection. We found out that it is not possible to give an evidence that the examined poem is significantly influenced by the language usus of the 14th century when this subject was translated to Czech. But we claim that some of the language phenomena refering to older language usus can be explained with the personal language manner of author. Nevertheless the influence of the original German writing is obvious in the lexical dimension. The addressing of the writing to the bourgeoisie and other lower social classes is supported with the tendency of the language of the text to approach to the spoken form of language.
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Games and game's activities in the teaching morphology at the first grade of primary school
Veselková, Alice ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
RESUMÉ V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE The diploma thesis is focused on parts of speech in the Czech language in the lower primary school. Its aim is to chart it on the general level, to introduce their definition, their historical background and the selection into the word-classes. The theoretical section introduces the parts of speech as the common part of the language. It describes them on basis of the syntactic, semantic and morphological division. That is needed for concrete introduction and realisation of the individual parts of speech. For each word class there is also briefly showed how they are presented in contemporary Czech language textbooks for the lower primary school. The practical part focuses on introduction of new methods of teaching parts of speech mainly through games and unconventional tools. The games contain rules, time management, tools and number of pupils involved. Furthermore., there are the interviews with the teachers of the concrete lower primary school who had got to test the games and tools and summarizes their opinions. KEY WORDS parts of speech, teaching, the lower primary school, unconventional approach to teaching, games, unconventional tools
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František Trávníček, his personality and works ( with a particular focus on his linguisticmethodological activities )
Doležalová, Eliška ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
Résumé This thesis deals with the personality and also with the work of Frantisek Travnicek, an important Czech linguist living between the years 1888 and 1961. Firstly, his life is briefly outlined, secondly this personality is introduced as an influential linguist of Czech Studies, as well as a long-time university official and teacher. His post-war political activities in the Communist Party are also mentioned. The thesis is focused on the works of Travnicek with a particular respect to his linguodidactic activities. One part is dedicated to his scientific writings and takes the cultural and historical context into account. This part summarises his considerably extensive and thematically varied work. Five essential areas of linguistics were defined (grammar, historical grammar, phonetics, phonology, word-formation and dialectology) which were much enriched by Travnicek. Nevertheless, there is a mention of some work which is of the kind that is impossible to label with any category listed, or the work which is represented in each category just by several writings. Finally, the influence on Travnicek's scientific activity is touched upon. The last and crucial part of the thesis tackles Travnicek's linguodidactic activities with respect to the context of the particular period. Concerning the topics of the...
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Differences in communication between men and women
Kuželová, Markéta ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
The topic of the thesis is to monitor differences in communication between men and women. The theoretical part summarizes the information about communication in general and outlines the differences in communication between men and women. The empirical part is based on interview. We examine possible differences of verbal communication between men and women with university education. Following characteristics were examined: formality, expressions, vulgar, addressing, topics, and the role in communication and interruptions. The results provide information about relatively specific differences in verbal communication between men and women. It was found that men use significantly more technical terms, use more vulgar words, while women choose such expressions exeptionally. Men do not interrupt the other speaker, women interrupt in more than 50% cases.. The results confirm previously published findings on this topic.
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Ortography and lexis of a journey from Prague to Venice... Book of travels by Oldřich Prefát of Vlkanov
Kafka, Jan ; Mališ, Otakar (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
In dieser Diplomarbeit versuchte ich die Ortographie und das Vokabular der von Oldřich Prefát von Vlkanov verfassten Reisebeschreibung detailliert zu qualifizieren und dadurch das bisherige nur peripherische Interesse der Forscher ftir die sprachliche Form dieses Werkes zu überwinden. In der Einleitung handelte ich unter anderem die interessante Persönlichkeit dieses böhmisches Humanisten im allgemeinen ab. Seine exakte Neigung ist ebenfalls der Prinzip der g anzen Reisebeschreibung. A ußerdem schrieb i ch dort über seine Reise nach heiligem Land und über derzeitige Zustände in diesem Gebiet, weil die Kenntnis der sprachlichen und kulturellen Bedingungen in Palestina und der ganzen Mittelmeer-Region in der Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts der richtigen Auffassung von verschiedenen Niveaus des Vokabulars von diesem Text sehr gut dient. Das Erste von den zwei Hauptthemen ist die Ortographie in der e rsten A uflage der Reisebeschreibung aus dem Jahre 1563. Diese Ortographie spiegelt sich im wesentlichen auch in der dritte Auflage von der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die kunstsinnige und dokumentarische Qualität der graphischen Form in der ersten Auflage liegt stellenweise sehr hoch. An der anderen Seite gibt es dort viele Druckfehler. Der Schwerpunkt des Ortographie g ewidmeten T eils der Diplomarbeit liegt in einer...
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Teaching Czech in Czech schools abroad
Zahrádková, Lenka ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on teaching the Czech language in Czech schools abroad. The goal being to identify the various pedagogical methods the educators use and how teaching Czech abroad differs from teaching approaches inside the Czech Republic. The theoretical section examines the historical development of Czech emigration from the second half of the 19th century, aspects of bilingualism that effect teaching Czech abroad, and examples of three educational institutions - Expatriate Educational Program, European Schools, and Czech Schools without Borders. The research section reviews the results of a questionnaire survey aimed at Czech teachers abroad. It made specific inquiries into classroom interaction and teaching strategies - methods of presenting new subject matter, types of exercises, modes of testing and evaluating, and how frequently technical tools were used. Interpretation of the results is presented in a summary evaluation which focuses on the specifics of teaching Czech abroad.
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Elementary school pupilsś preparation for the secondary school enterance examination
Švarcová, Michaela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Pišlová, Simona (referee)
In this thesis we have tried to analyse 35 different tests, which make our entrance examination specimen sets for Year 5, 7 and 9. Some schools use the services of the 'Scio' company thus these tasks represent 52 written examinations from the subject of Czech language and literature. According to our findings the main emphasis of the tests is put on the lingual parts of the curriculum, especially on orthography. The applicants distinguish the sentences, in which there are (or are not) orthographic errors. They proof to have managed the lexical, morphological and syntactic orthography in simple and complex sentences well, primarily by correction and doing filling-in exercises. Apart from that, the tasks where the applicants have to work with text are used very often. They primarily decide whether the information given results from the particular passage, they examine the verity of the submitted statements about an article, etc. From the linguistic curriculum, the word class and the sentence constituents occur abundantly. Very often the applicant's competence regarding grammatically correct word forms are being tested - the pupils might create or recognize them or complete a part of the text. In many tests, we can find tasks in which the applicants search for synonyms (or antonyms) of Czech originated or...
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Linguistic analysis of advertising texts
Marks, Pavel ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
The characteristic of advertising discourse can be found somewhere on the borderline of journalist, professional, administrative and artistic styles. Its main function is persuasion completed with attraction. Advertising uses various language and non-language tools from varied style areas to fulfil especially the persuasive function. This thesis focuses on the linguistic analysis of advertising texts presenting automobiles and bank services. Texts present mainly the elements of professional and journalist style. Both text groups can be characterised by the specific use of adjectives and adverbs used for specification and assessment, the greater frequency of personal and possessive adjectives, the use of indicative present tense of verbs and the use of verbs increasing the positive expressivity of the text. Characteristic are simple sentences and complex sentences with adverbial clauses. All texts are trying to create a professional impression through the use of specific terms (often English), abbreviations, charts and numeric data. Texts are extensively structured either into chapters (automobile texts) or paragraphs with colour coding (banking texts). Further characteristic advertising properties that can be found here are titles, slogans and logos typical for either the company or the product. With...
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