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Pregnancy, childbirth and stimulation child born in drug-addicted mothers
Lisá, Žaneta ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Broklová, Lada (referee)
Background: The use of addictive substances during pregnancy is a serious health and social problem. Pregnancy is, in itself, one of the most important and most critical periods in a woman's life, and addictive substances in this case are significantly complicated. Pregnant drug addicts need complex care, paradoxically, however, they often do not have access or use it to a small extent. Objectives: The aim of this work is to map the health and social care provided to pregnant women using addictive substance. In the Czech Republic programs are being implemented for mothers with children or pregnant women using addictive substance. Programs include individual counseling, psychotherapy, relapse prevention, family and partner therapy, parent groups, mothers and social work. The aim of the thesis is to focus on the health and social care provided to this client. Methods: Research is a series of case studies of clients focusing on personal and social history, on their somatic and psychological condition, retrospective view of the course of pregnancy, care of women during pregnancy. The plan of work is therefore the elaboration of detailed studies of specific mothers - users. The intention is to compile the overall picture of the given cases in a broader context, not only from the point of view of the...
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Development of the attachment in clients in in the inpatient treatment
Horáková, Dita ; Vondráčková, Petra (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: This thesis focuses on two amendments to the basic characteristics of attachment with clients Department addiction psychiatric hospital Šternberk. The research involved a total of 29 respondents who underwent 4 months of treatment. Researches focused on quantitative data collection using a battery of questionnaires, which were completed at the beginning and end of treatment. The study is anonymous and confidential. Respondents are coded by their initials and date of filling out the questionnaire. A similar study in the Czech Republic has not yet been implemented. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine changes in the attachment for clients with a syndrome of dependency. Specifically, to determine changes in the scores of avoidance and anxiety before treatment and compared them with scores of avoidance and anxiety after treatment. Methods: For data collection was used anamnesis questionnaire and Questionnaire structure and relationships ECR-RS Experience in Close Relationships (Fraley et al., 2000). Results: Results showed that there was a positive change in reducing anxiety and avoidance in general attachment, attachment to the mother, father and life partner for people with addictions. The psychotherapeutic process had a positive impact. Results of the relational bond with a...
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The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chinese Cities: What Can We Learn from the SARS Pandemic?
Zhang, Yueyue ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
Using the quarterly and monthly data of ten representative cities in China from December 2000 to June 2021, this thesis describes the impact of COVID-19 on the urban economy, import and export, and quantifies the impact degree by panel data regression analysis. To explore the relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and urban categories, we distinguished different types of cities. The results show that COVID-19 has the most profound impact on coastal towns, followed by megacities. It is mainly due to the excessive dependence of coastal towns on import and export trade. We also understand the lagging effect of the pandemic on the economy by adding dummy variables representing the SARS pandemic. Facts have proved that while formulating related policies, the government has to consider the lagging effects of the impact of the pandemic on the economy. JEL Classification C51, I18, O47 Keywords COVID-19, pandemic, China, economy, import, export, government policies Title The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chinese Cities What Can We Learn from the SARS Pandemic
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Wage Differentials by Education and City Size: Evidence from Chinese Cities
Guo, Se ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
This thesis uses CFPS's 2014 and 2016 data, from the perspective of differences in education levels and city size, using the two-way fixed-effect model and quantile regression to explore how the different educational workers' nominal monthly income gap changes with the expansion of the urban population. As for city size, on average, for every 1% increase in city size, the nominal monthly income of workers will increase by 0.4%. For every 1% increase in the size of the city, the nominal monthly wage of the college education group will increase by 0.9%, and the wage of the postgraduate workers will increase almost by 1.2%. The results show that only workers with a college and postgraduate education level can expand the monthly income gap with the lowest educational level group as the urban population grows. However, the nominal monthly income gap between the high-school educated group and junior high school and below educated workers is insignificantly affected by the city's expansion. JEL Classification J31, J23, J26, C51, I18 Keywords Education Level, City Size, Wage Title Wage Differentials by Education level and City Size: Evidence from Chinese cities Abstrakt Tato práce využívá data CFPS z let 2014 a 2016 z pohledu rozdílů v úrovních vzdělání a velikosti města pomocí dvoucestného modelu s fixním...
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Patterns of drug use during pregnancy and early motherhood: Qualitative Research
Dolejší, Vladěna ; Vondráčková, Petra (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: The use of addictive substances in pregnancy and motherhood is a problem of working with a specific clientele that is in addictology services in the Czech Republic and in the world subject of the solution. There are barriers for female users to enter treatment services due to condemnation of society, fear of the child being taken from the mother and also feelings of guilt. Use of addictive substances have adverse consequences for the healthy development of the fetus and the psychosocial development of the child. In the bachelor thesis I process the specifics of women-mothers users, use in pregnancy and use in motherhood, the consequences of substance abuse for the fetus, childbirth and breastfeeding and risks for the child. Further I present information from some Czech and foreign studies that deal with the given issues. The research part presents our own research, which was carried out in the spring of the year 2021 with ten mothers. Aim: The aim was to find patterns of substance use in the period immediately before pregnancy of users and changes during pregnancy and in early motherhood up to one year Child Using Research Questions: How has substance abuse changed in women when they found that are they pregnant How women's use, experience, and thinking changed during each phase...
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Selected chapters of adolescent addictology in context of institutional care
Doležal, Bedřich ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Adolescent drug abuse is a negative phenomenon, thesis aims for selected aspects of work with adolescent psychoactive substances users in Czech republic. Objective is to describe specifics of addictology programmes for adolescents and participation of state administration offices, also provide the list of facilities providing this type of care. Besides the literature, this thesis draws from personal experience of the author, who has been working with adolescent drug users. Institutional case study of addictology programme in context of institutional care is also part of the thesis. In conclusion is model of principles of the therapeutic community suitable for use in terms of institutional care. Case management principles are useful due to the problem complexity.
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Factors affecting the price of a used car in Czechia
Dvořáček, Petr ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
The market of used cars in Czechia, generating an annual turnover over one hundred billion Czech crowns, is visited by hundreds of thousands of people a year and a similar number of used vehicles are sold there. This work tries to find and appropriately evaluate the main determinants that set the price of a used car in Czechia, and thus, among other things, increase buyers' awareness. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and the ordinary least squares (OLS) method were used to estimate coefficients indicating the effect of a given variable on the price. This study uses a unique dataset, which was obtained from the Czech online marketplace advertising used cars Sauto.cz, containing all available information about more than 55 thousand used cars from 34 different car manufacturers. According to the assumptions, the importance and negative effect of variables indicating the number of kilometers driven and the age on the price of the used car was confirmed. Other important parameters that, on the other hand, have a positive influence on the price of a used car are the elements of additional equipment. Higher price of used cars from German manufacturers compared to competing manufacturers was also confirmed and, conversely, cars from carmakers from America or Asia were found cheaper. As a huge number of...
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Microsimulation model of population for estimation of future housing demand in Prague
Pinlová, Adriana ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to create and implement a microsimulation model which will be able to estimate the future size and age structure of the population of Prague, thus contributing to the discussion on the topic of unavailability of housing. The created model is based on the historical development of mortality, fertility and migration in the area. Age-specific mortality and fertility rates were obtained using the Lee-Carter model. As a result of the microsimulation, it is apparent that in the next twenty years the population will clearly grow, which is due to the expected positive net migration rate. At the same time, the model assumes that in terms of the total number of inhabitants of Prague, the growth rate does not accelerate or slow down. If the volume of construction from the past twenty years is maintained, there will be no increase in the unavailability of housing due to population growth. 1
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The abuse of sedatives and hypnotics from the user's perspective
Rokosová, Kateřina ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Background: Sedatives and hypnotics are substances to calm or relieve anxiety and to induce sleep. Long term prescription of benzodiazepines/Z-drugs may lead to the development of tolerance and the need to increase the dose. It is important to be aware of the risks of uncontrolled use of these drugs, such as harmful interactions with other substances, side effects and potential for abuse or addiction. Aim: The aim of this research was to describe abuse of sedatives and hypnotics from the user's perspective, to focus on circumstances leading to drug abuse, to describe beginning and course of the use of these drugs and self-awareness of the problem. The aim was also to describe the current state of users and their needs. Sample: The research sample consisted of 6 participants, of which 4 women and 2 men currently or recently using sedatives and hypnotics (specifically benzodiazepines/Z-drugs). Methods: Data were collected through a qualitative approach using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were conducted, rewritten into protocol summary, further analysed using thematic analysis, modified using open and axial coding and categorization methods. Results: Respondents may have misused sedatives and hypnotics to self-medicate symptoms. These drugs were prescribed for the first time with...
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Analysis of the needs of students bachelour's daily study program of Addictology
Štěrbová, Tereza ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: The field of addictology has been taught at The 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University since 2005. Continuous research on the quality of teaching has a crucial influence on the development of this field. Any analysis of the needs of students currently studying addictology hasn't been done and processed yet. The main current tool for evaluating studies is a survey in the student information system. The question remains how much students are comfortable with this form of evaluation. Aims: The aim of this study is to map the area of educational needs of undergraduate full - time students in the field of addictology and to find out what type of teaching methods students prefer and vice versa. The second aim is to check whether students prefer feedback in the form of surveys in the student information system. Methods: The research was implemented by using a questionnaire survey. Students were selected by total sampling method and approached to fill in a semi - structured questionnaire. The collected data were processed by a descriptive statistics method. Results: The greatest need for education is felt by students in the field of clinical addictionology (84,9 %, N=45) and addiction counselling (62,3 %, N=33). Students prefer an interactive teaching method with illustrative examples and...
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