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How effective are subsidies for electric vehicles? An evaluation of Czech policy
Čekal, Jonáš ; Pleticha, Petr (advisor) ; Ščasný, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the effectiveness of Czech electromobility support. First programs to incentivize electric vehicle purchases were introduced by two Czech ministries in 2016 with grants available until the end of 2021. To estimate the effect of Czech incentives on electric vehicle sales, generalized difference-in- differences design is used. The estimation employs two-way fixed effects model with annual and monthly data spanning over 2015-2021. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland were chosen to serve as a control group with electric vehicle market share and electric vehicle registrations as the dependent vari- ables. The results are ambiguous and do not suggest a clear link between the investigated variables and the subsidies. A more detailed dataset would be needed to conduct a definitive impact evaluation. JEL Classification O31, O38, R40, H25 Keywords Electromobility, Incentives, Subsidies, Rebates, Policy evaluation Title How effective are subsidies for electric vehicles? An evaluation of Czech policy
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Analysis of consumers' preferences for cars on Slovak market.
Nedeľka, Michal ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Sargsyan, Yermone (referee)
This thesis investigates the effect of registration tax and fuel prices on the car market in Slovakia. Using the dataset provided by the Department of Evidence and Papers of Slovak Police Force with information about vehicles that entered the national car evidence, we compute monthly registrations of passenger vehicles. Given the nature of our data, we estimate pooled OLS model with fixed effects, focusing on different vehicle segments. We also analyse fuel price elasticity when prices were mostly decreasing or increasing to examine asymmetric response of car buyers. Results suggest a negative impact of the registration tax on the number of registrations of petrol vehicles with a stronger response of fuel efficient cars compared to less efficient. In the segment of diesel vehicles, only registrations of used and less efficient cars are affected by the tax. The elasticity of registrations with respect to fuel costs is negative for all car segments except for the new efficient petrol-fueled vehicles. Registrations of diesel vehicles are more sensitive with respect to fuel price changes than petrol cars in most segments. We also find an asymmetric response to fuel prices during the periods of price increases and decreases and declining responsiveness over time. JEL Classification C23, O18, Q31, R41,...
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Marginal Abatement Costs of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Meta-Analysis
Křížková, Alžběta ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ščasný, Milan (referee)
This thesis uses up-to-date meta-analysis methods to produce a systematic summary of the literature on marginal abatement costs (MAC) of greenhouse gas emissions. It collects 242 MAC estimates for 2030 and 2050 from 59 studies. Besides the usual tests for publication bias, the study employs several modern non-linear tests, such as the TOP 10, the Kink method, the Stem method, and others. Subsequently, Bayesian model averaging is performed for the first time in MAC literature to reveal a mild negative publication bias for the MAC in 2050. The thesis reveals that newer studies provide higher estimates of MAC. Other factors influencing MAC estimation are the size of stabilisation targets, emissions baseline, utilising the LEAP model, the inclusion of other greenhouse gases besides carbon dioxide, and considering the long-run decision making. Several robustness checks are conducted along the way to confirm the selection of the dataset and the robustness of the BMA analysis (using weighted BMA, FMA, OLS). The true value of MAC in 2030 corrected for publication bias is around 32 EUR/tCO2-eq, while for 2050, it is 59 EUR/tCO2-eq. 1
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Thermal Insulation of Apartment Buildings: Decision-making Process and Effect on Energy Savings
Častorálová, Lucie ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Chytilová, Julie (referee)
Thermal Insulation of Apartment Buildings: Decision-making Process and Effect on Energy Savings Abstract In order to lower the emissions of green-house gases it is necessary to explore the wide range of the energy efficiency options. This thesis attempts to analyse the effect of thermal insulation installed in the multi-family apartment buildings during the period of 2006-2012 in the Czech Republic. We also investigate whether providing governmental funding further improves energy performance of the insulated apartment buildings. In addition, we examine the collective decision-making processes of members of the multi-family apartment building associations, including their attitudes towards thermal insulation of their houses. The basis of this thesis is the econometric panel data model (with 45 apartment buildings and their energy consumption before and after the insulation) evaluated by the fixed effects method with cluster confirming that the insulation, investments and public funding had all significant and negative impact on the energy consumption in the buildings, when energy consumption was adjusted for weather conditions. After the analysis it was concluded that the more the owners invest in thermal insulation, the more they will save in the long run. The governmental funding led to even greater...
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Analysis of meat demand in the Czech Republic
Dlasková, Karolína ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Polák, Petr (referee)
Meat and meat products form the highest share of Czech household expenditures for food. This thesis offers a complex view on the Czech meat market and studies in detail the determinants of meat demand. A review of the most frequently used demand models is included, from which the least squares log-log model is used for empirical analysis. The core of this thesis is the estimation of price and income elasticities of demand for various types of meat based on statistical data of household accounts from the years 2000 - 2012. The estimates are, with the exception of the price elasticity for beef, which equals 0.13, consistent with previous studies. Within the examined period, households manifest unitary income elasticity and own price elasticity of demand for meat equal to -1.2. The temporal evolution of elasticities varies for different types of meat. Important socio-demographical aspects influencing the demand for meat, such as age, education, whether the household is led by a female, and others, are also analysed.
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Run on the organic food: Research in sample of prague inhibitants
Nevečeřalová, Iva ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (referee)
This diploma thesis is concerned with different aspects of organic food demand in the Czech Republic. Five main goals were set in this work: 1) briefly describe the history and the current estate of the organic farming and the organic market in the Czech republic and in the European union 2) with the help of quantitative research analyze people's awareness of organic food 3) analyze key motives for buying organic products and barriers to a greater demand for organic food 4) analyze the willingness to pay for organic products 5) uncover some relations between socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their buying of organic food. The thesis is organized as follows. In the first chapter we describe the main principles of organic farming. Also, we briefly described the rise, the progress and the current estate of organic farming in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. Discussed in this chapter is also the link between the organic farming and the concept sustainable development. In the second chapter, we discuss the current estate of the organic market in the Czech republic and in the European union using available macro-data. The third, final, chapter presents some results of a survey of organic-food demand conducted in Spring 2006 using a small, yet representative, sample (N =200) of...
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Comparison of coherent demand systems: The case of meat demand in the Czech Republic
Dlasková, Karolína ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Mikolášek, Jakub (referee)
There are many models used to estimate demand elasticities. We present a complex review of these studies in our thesis. Our empirical goal is to compare LES, Translog and QUAIDS demand systems according to their performance. In parallel, we estimate the elasticities of meat demand in the Czech Republic for the period 2010 - 2015 using the data of the household budget survey. Comparing the systems by the Akaike and Schwarz criterion, LES demonstrates the best fit for this kind of data. The average of price elasticity for different kinds of meat in the examined period is -0.99, income elasticity then equals to 1.12. These results can have important implications for tax policy, or for commercial use. JEL Classification F12, F21, F23, H25, H71, H87 Keywords Demand, comparison, LES, Translog, QUAIDS, meat Author's e-mail 55606678@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail milan.scasny@czp.cuni.cz
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Combining carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation : possible way to protect rain forests
Baďura, Tomáš ; Melichar, Jan (advisor) ; Ščasný, Milan (referee)
Despite the fact that forests and rain forests in particular are known for being a source of various goods and services tropical deforestation, mostly happening in developing countries, is still way over the sustainable rate. Nevertheless, due to the massive potential in reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and its importance in biodiversity conservation, rain forest are increasingly expected to play an important role in both conservation and climate change mitigation activities. Moreover, it might be possible to combine both these ecosystems services together in a synergistic way which would benefit each other. This paper will examine these issues, especially from the biodiversity conservation perspective.
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