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Bitcoin and the world-systems theory: the case of El Salvador
Černý, Ondřej ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This bachelor's thesis revolves around the acceptance of Bitcoin as legal tender in El Salvador and the subsequent reactions from the international community, particularly the United States and the International Monetary Fund. Using the case of El Salvador as a study, the thesis seeks to explore a broader phenomenon concerning Latin America and the potential for Bitcoin to be the key for positive socio-economic transformation in the region. The theoretical part of the thesis delves into the concepts of dollarization and the governance of Bitcoin, in addition to the world-systems theory proposed by Immanuel Wallerstein. Subsequently, the thesis applies these theories to concrete facts and conducts an analysis. The timeframe for this research spans from September 2021, when Bitcoin was officially adopted as legal tender in El Salvador, until the end of 2022.
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Options and forms of on-line testing for English classes at elementary school.
ČERNÝ, Ondřej
The goal of this thesis is to introduce on-line testing platforms for English teaching at the second level of primary school using different platforms and evaluating the differences between on-line testing and classic paper writing. The main theoretical part is focused on creating methodically and didactically correct tests. The functions of the platforms are then further analysed in order for each teacher to choose the platform that fits the requirements. The practical part of the thesis concentrates on manuals for creating tests and their try out during English classes at the second level of primary school. Furthermore, the thesis contains sets of English tests which can be used as a feedback for students, practise or their assesment. These tests were verified during regular lessons at the second level of primary school.
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Czechoslovak newsreels from the perspective of social transformation (1989-1990)
Černý, Ondřej ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the end of film news in Czechoslovakia, which was realized in the form of film weekly newsreels until 1990. In the first part I define film news from the theoretical and terminological point of view and try to describe its specifics. I then explain its birth and the production of newsreel films on our country's territory, from its beginnings before the First World War until the fall of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia and the establishment of democracy, which ended the continuous, state- subsidized and controlled production of regularly published weeklies. In the second, practical part, I use the method of qualitative content analysis to examine the form and thematic framework of the weekly newsreels produced in 1989, when a new concept of film reporting focused on the so-called magazines began to take effect, and in 1990, the year Czechoslovakia entered the democratic process. My aim is to find out what was the role of weekly newsreels as a means of socialist propaganda and a channel of social criticism in the first, revolutionary year and how they changed in the second, democratic year. Although they were no longer bound by ideology, the end of the state film monopoly brought an end to their financial support and power protection, which led to an early end of their...
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The Effects of Geopolitical Uncertainty on Selected Stock Markets
Černý, Ondřej ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Šíla, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of geopolitical uncertainty on four selected stock markets. We analyse the effect on stock market volatility and returns using the GARCH and the EGARCH models and daily stock returns and GPR index value. Furthermore, using categorical indices GPA and GPT, we inspect whether the effect of uncertainty caused by threats differs from that caused by acts. Additionally, we examine whether the impact changed between the period before and after 9/11. The main findings from our results suggest that a rise in each of the risk indices, i.e. global GPR, GPA and GPT, increases the volatility of all of the stock markets and the returns of the two. Also, geopolitical threats negatively influence Hong Kong stock returns, whereas geopolitical acts do not impact them. Furthermore, the impact of at least one of the uncertainty on stock return or volatility changed in the case of all the selected stock markets. JEL Classification C22, C51, C52, C58, G10 Keywords GARCH, geopolitical risk, stock market volatil- ity, stock market returns Title The Effects of Geopolitical Uncertainty on Se- lected Stock Markets Author's e-mail 43885002@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail roman.horvath@fsv.cuni.cz
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Influence of environment in host cells on heterogeneity of virulence factors expression in Salmonella
Mathéová, Paulína ; Černý, Ondřej (advisor) ; Konopásek, Ivo (referee)
Bacteria of the genus Salmonella are one of the most important human pathogens. Salmonella expresses several virulence factors, including the type three secretion system encoded on the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2 T3SS) and its effector proteins. SPI- 2 T3SS effector proteins allow the bacteria to colonize host cells, persist there and use them as a Trojan horse for migration throughout the host organism. Although the function of the SPI- 2 T3SS is essential for the bacterial population during systemic infection, some bacteria do not express this virulence factor and benefit from its expression by other members of the population. Similar heterogeneity in expression of other virulence factors has been shown to be crucial for their function. This work focuses on the heterogeneity of expression of selected SPI-2 T3SS effector proteins under the influence of host factors (pH, ROS, RNS) affecting bacteria during intracellular infection of macrophages. Using a fluorescent reporter system suitable for flow cytometry the expression of selected effector proteins was detected at the level of individual bacteria. The obtained data show, that individual bacteria respond differently to the decrease in pH in their vicinity. Part of the bacterial population starts to express the studied effector...
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Creating interactive applications for teaching English at primary school using Smart Lab and Smart Response technologies
ČERNÝ, Ondřej
The aim of the thesis is to introduce and create methodologically applications supporting English language teaching at the second level of primary school in the environment of Smart Lab and Smart Response. Both Smart Lab and Smart Response are just one of many features of Smart Notebook software that allows the user / teacher to create fast activities / games. The work will serve as supplementary material for teaching English. The work will include a set of created applications and a description of how the application should be used. Applications will be uploaded to http://veskole.cz/. The theoretical part of the thesis will focus on the software itself (Smart Notebook) and especially how it looks, works and what is its usability. The practical part of the work will be the creation of activities in the SMART Lab / Smart Response environment together with the evaluation of already created activities for teaching English.
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Černý, Ondřej ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Resumé The goal of this thesis is to analyse corpora delicti of the crimes of murder and manslaughter according to sections 140 and 141 of the Criminal Code, evaluate their present application by Czech courts, and to point out possible solutions to some problematic or unclarified questions. In the beginning, the thesis concerns itself with historical development of intentional homicides in the Czech country with emphasis on great codifications of 18th and 19th century. Subsequently, the interest shifts onto the question of human life as an object of intentional homicides. The core of the thesis is a thorough analysis of the crimes of murder and manslaughter, their mutual relation, and systematic incorporation in the Criminal Code. After that, there follows a short comparative assessment of the same topic in French law according to Code pénal. Then, attention is paid to developmental stages of mentioned crimes. The chosen topic is methodologically addressed in a way that every subtopic is first examined from the doctrinal theoretical point of view, and then treated in the light of judicial practice. Thus, it is presented how Czech practise of the courts interprets the written law with emphasis on terms and features that have not been used in Czech law so far. The result of this thesis is mainly the discovery...
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FIDIC Conditions of Contract and their Application in the Czech Republic
Černý, Ondřej ; Dobiáš, Petr (advisor) ; Klee, Lukáš (referee)
FIDIC Conditions of Contract and their Application in the Czech Republic Resume in English The goal of this thesis is, mainly by the mutual comparison, to describe the differences between each kinds of contractual forms of FIDIC and also to put the main forms into the context of their application in Czech Republic, especially by enumeration of examples of some modifications which are made through the Particular Conditions by various public employers, including the general assessment of such modifications. The basic structure of the thesis consists of two main sections, which are split into the four chapters. The content of the thesis goes from the general description of the contractual forms of FIDIC, including the brief description of organization's history, thru the international contextualization of its forms and general introduction to their application in Czech Republic, to the comparison and description of the application of each chapters of FIDIC forms in Czech and partially also in the Central Eastern European context. The first main section forms the general introduction into the issue of FIDIC forms by their basic description and by putting them into the context of similar contractual forms around the globe. This first section is split into three chapters, which describe the context of contractual...
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A tool for generating code supporting reading of text files
Černý, Ondřej ; Kolovratník, David (advisor) ; Týnovský, Miroslav (referee)
In the present work we deal with the concept and implementation of tool AutoComp for generating programs for processing structured text files. The tool accepts description of the text whith making use of regular expressions and state machines. The output of the tool is a code in a programming language which gives interface for integrating code to a final program. It is possible to define points for calling specified functions and returning controll to the caller program in the input description. The use of generated code is to tokenize text or parse elementary gramatics. The tool provides two target programming languages and few character encodings. The concept was focused on extensibility to more languages and character encodings.
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