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Roosevelt's Man in the Truman's Era: Henry A. Wallace and his Stances on the United States Foreign Policy in the 1940s and 1950s
Rýgrová, Pavla ; Koura, Jan (advisor) ; Janoušek, Petr (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the rupture between Henry A. Wallace and Truman's administration during the forties of the twentieth century, that is mainly to the Wallace's disagreement with the Democratic Party regarding U. S.-Soviet relations. Disapproval of the former Roosevelt's vicepresident with the official standing of the American foreign policy ultimately lead to his presidency candidacy in 1948 and to the creation of protest Progressive Party, which was supposed to shield this candidacy. The purpose of the thesis was to ascertain to what degree these events had been formed by the commencing Cold War and on the contrary which role was played by Wallace and his followers. In the thesis, I analyzed Wallace's shift in opinion towards Soviet Union, determinants of his viewpoint and direct causes of his leave from Democratic Party. I devoted to the circumstances leading to creation of the Progressive Party, its structure and the role of communists in this process. The core theme is presidential campaign in 1948 and analysis of the reasons behind Wallace's defeat; one chapter is devoted to the reflection of this campaign in the forming Eastern Bloc, including its propaganda employment in the communist media press. Additionally, following evolvement of Progressive Party and the reasons of the Wallace's...
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TTIP: Why did the negotiations start as late as 2013?
Karl, Václav ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This thesis' focus is a free trade agreement between the European Union and the United States of America called the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. The main goal of the thesis is to answer the question of why the negotiations began as late as 2013. The thesis touches on the issue of regionalism; therefore it presents a short introduction on this topic in the beginning. It then follows to the Second World War and by chronologically analysing the trade relations between the EU and the USA it describes the factors which led to the negotiations of TTIP, as well as those that called them off. Among these main factors it primarily mentions the failure of multilateral negotiations within the WTO and various interest groups on both sides of the Atlantic, mainly trade and consumer organisations. Furthermore, it mentions the Great Recession of 2007 and the decline in the influence of the United States and the European union on the world geopolitical scene. The thesis also analyses which of the mentioned factors were relevant at certain moments and in individual cases, as well as if it shifted the negotiations back to the start. The whole thesis is written from the american perspective on this issue and it takes the european one into consideration only in the cases of dispute. In the end, it...
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The Role of Jazz in U.S. Cultural Diplomacy During the Cold War
Komrsová, Anna ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the role of jazz diplomacy within American cultural policy during the Cold War era. It depicts how jazz music was used as an effective tool to shape a positive image of the USA abroad in the midst of Cold War conflicts. The theoretical concepts which underlie this thesis are cultural diplomacy as a component of public diplomacy, and the concept of "soft power". This thesis also examines the function of African-Americans as official jazz ambassadors of the US. The aim of the thesis is to determine the impact of jazz diplomacy in particular countries of the Eastern Bloc. It stresses the importance of Voice of America radio broadcasts in the context of the influence of jazz on foreign audiences. The thesis comes to the conclusion that the impact of American jazz music on Eastern Bloc countries was substantial and it also affirms the importance of culture within public diplomacy.
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Re-established partnership: Analysis of the American-Philippine security cooperation during Bush and Obama administrations
Kryl, Šimon ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the security cooperation between the United States and the Philippine Republic during the period between 2001 and 2016 during which the security cooperation went through major changes. The U.S.-Philippine alliance became one of the cornerstones for the stabilization of the turbulent region of Southeast Asia. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the areas of mutual cooperation, what are the arguments for the improvement of the partnership and what role was played by the People's Republic China in forming this relationship. The first chapter is explaining the historical context of the cooperation which is necessary to deepen the understanding of the topic. The second part analyses the security threats which influenced the building of the security cooperation between Washington and Manila. The third chapter focuses on the evolution of the U.S.-Philippine security relations during George W. Bush's administration. Bush's declaration of War on terror had a significant impact on improvement of the U.S.-Philippine security relations. The last chapter analyzes president Obama's Pivot to Asia and examines how Chinese military activities are reflected in Washington's relations with Manila. The thesis concludes that both Bush and Obama administrations could be credited for...
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Iran and The United States relations in the context of the Nuclear Deal
Saïd, Alexane ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Alexane Said MASTER'S THESIS Iran and the United States' Relations in the Context of the Nuclear Deal Abstract _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ This study analyses the evolution of relations between Iran and the United States by applying the theories of realism, liberalism and the theoretical concept of strategic culture on their contest for power, control and sovereignty. From strategic partners to strategic enemies and back to pragmatic tolerance, both countries have maintained a troublesome relationship which entered a new era of cooperation with the implementation of the Nuclear Deal in January 2016. This deal is a geopolitical breakthrough that should improve the relations between the two countries as it is in both their strategic interests to collaborate. With sanctions removal and by choosing the diplomatic route, Iran can get access to a larger trade and investors' market which could help its economy tremendously and could be seen as an important international actor. Moreover, since the deal allows for the supervision and investigation of Iran's uranium facilities, this allows for greater transparency, profitable for the US and the international community. After the Nuclear Deal implementation, American and Iranian actions on the...
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Pivot to Asia: What, Why and Whither? The Not So New Obama's Asia Policy
Liška, Jan ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
Pivot or Rebalance to Asia-Pacific is a foreign policy launched by the Obama administration at the end of 2011. The essence of the Pivot is that the U.S. recognizes Asia-Pacific as the most dynamic and fastest growing region in the world that will decide the future of global politics and that the U.S. - as a Pacific power - is going to be right at the center of the action. The policy is best described as a set of initiatives ranging from strengthening the U.S. bilateral ties in the area and rebalancing some of the U.S. military assets form other theatres Asia- Pacific to engaging the regional multilateral organizations and negotiating new trade deals - especially the Trans-Pacific Partnership - to foster the regional prosperity. The Pivot to Asia policy, is however, quite controversial as while it is welcome by some Asian countries, it is criticized by China that sees it as an attempt to contain its rise. The policy has now been in place for almost three years. It has evolved since its launch to be less conflictual towards China, however amid the continuing Chinese disputes with its neighbors over the maritime claims at China`s maritime periphery, some observers still question the efficiency of the policy. Moreover, with the continued defense budget cuts, many question that the U.S. is going to be...
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At the Top, or behind the Zenith of Power?To the Effect of Winston S. Churchill as the Prime Ministerof Great Britain in the Years 1951-1955
Dupal, Martin ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis "At the Top, or behind the Zenith of Power? To the Effect of Winston S. Churchill as the Prime Minister of Great Britain in the Years 1951-1955" examines the effect of Winston S. Churchill during his second term as Prime Minister of Great Britain. The thesis analyzes his effect on foreign policy, where the main emphasis is on the relationship with the United States, his plans for negotiations with the Soviet Union, domestic politics, and his tenure at the head of the Conservative Party. It briefly analyzes his relationship and disputes with Foreign Minister Anthony Eden, and the British Prime Minister's medical condition. The main focus of the thesis is devoted to Churchill's ability to promote his ideas and plans in all areas of his operations, as a leading politician of the Great Britain.
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The Significance of Meaning Shift of the Word "Slave" in Abolishing Slavery in the United States
Matsche, Denisa ; Toth, Gyorgy (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This thesis focuses on the abolition of slavery in the United States. It examines the power role of discourse in maintaining and abolishing slavery in the United States, particularly the proslavery and the antislavery discourse of the antebellum South. The thesis examines two competing concepts of human bondage which originated in the proslavery and antislavery discourses-that of the slave-as-commodity, the proslavery concept, on the one hand, and the slave-as-human, the anti-slavery concept, on the other. It aims to discuss the significance of meaning shift of the word "slave" from slave-as-commodity to that of slave-as-human, the antislavery concept. Taking into account the very subjectivity of the meanings assigned to the words "black" and "slave", the thesis will demonstrate that in U.S. social and political discourse, the meaning of "slave" was not fixed and underwent significant changes over time. This thesis suggests that the abolition of slavery in the United States can be perceived as a result of "a battle for truth" between the proslavery and the antislavery discourse. The new emphasis on the universal humanity of both "races" in the nineteenth century helped abolitionists link the issue of slavery to a progressive discourse of unalienable personal liberties. I argued that even though the...
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Manas Air Base and U.S.-Kyrgyz Relations
Nováková, Sabina ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
The following thesis is a case study of the U.S. Manas air base in Kyrgyzstan. It addresses the significance of the base in the context of mutual U.S.-Kyrgyz relations after 2001. It aims to analyze the bilateral negotiations between the U.S. and the Kyrgyz on establishing the air base, its functioning, and eventually its closure in 2014. Among the research questions, it seeks to explain the respective positions of both parties, the motives behind their actions, and factors that influenced this negotiation process. The analysis shows that the extensive U.S. efforts to get and maintain access to the facility were driven by the necessity to secure transportation corridors to and from Afghanistan. Kyrgyzstan, on the other hand, was primarily interested in financial benefits stemming from having an American base on its territory. The U.S. let local elites enrich themselves in connection with the air base revenues. Kyrgyzstan's internal instability also had a major impact on its stance towards foreign policy matters and the issue of the Manas air base in particular. The U.S. was a stronger player in this asymmetric relationship, but Washington often got into situations where it was being pulled by Kyrgyzstan's domestic developments, which effectively determined mutual relations. The analysis concludes that...
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"Better Red than Dead": American Indians' Struggle for Sovereignty Rights in the 1960s and 1970s
Staňková, Olga ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
In my thesis, I argue that the Native American activism of the 1960s and 1970s does not fall into the category of Civil Rights Movement because of its significantly different goals, and that the fundamentally different character of sovereignty rights also keeps the Indian struggle invisible in American understandings of U.S. political and social history. According to my analysis, the terms tribal sovereignty, self-determination, and treaty rights describe the ultimate goals of the Native American activists in the 1960s and 1970s the best. The decade between 1964 and 1974 witnessed the rise of radical Indian activism, which succeeded in reminding the general public and politicians that Indians are still present in the United States. Furthermore, it influenced a whole generation of Native Americans who found new pride in being Indian. However, this current of American activism is not known so well by the general U.S. public. This thesis will describe this state as "selective visibility" deriving from U.S. selective historical memory, only noticing and remembering those events and images concerning Native Americans that can be simply understood, somehow relate to the U.S. set of values, and fit in the national historical narrative.
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