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Contributions the understanding of the settlement structure in Bohemia during the Late Roman Period and the Migration Period. Contemporary stage of knowledge - questions and problems - evalution based on interregional relations
Jiřík, Jaroslav ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor) ; Tejral, Jaroslav (referee) ; Varsik, Vladimír (referee)
Broader revue of the problem of the settlement structure of the Czech basin in the Late Roman and Migration period raises a number of observations based on different methodologies and the angles of the view by which the issue can be seen the research on this period. In principle, these circuits can be divided into several thematic groups: 1) Topography of the settlements and grave grounds, 2) the chronological aspects of the settlements, 3) cultural development and inter-regional relations, 4) issues of cultural and biological continuity and discontinuity, 5) a description and determination of the finds, 6) the methodological problems of the settlements and grave grounds research, 7) application of natural sciences, 8) the problem of the economic base and economic strategies, 9) research of the technological features. This paper tried to concentrate the various aspects of settlement structure development with a much-needed comparison with similar situations in the neighboring areas of the wider Central Europe. In a broader geographic distributed phenomena, such as the presence of barbarian foederati in the Roman army or in the case of migrant populations of Central Europe by 405/406 A.D., was clearly necessary the European interference. All these questions this work does not answer in the same level, which...
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Problematics of premature delivery in midwifery
RUNTOVÁ, Petra
Premature delivery is known as a delivery before 37th week of a pregnancy. It´s still a very serious problem in a healthcare and also the reason of lots of perinatal complications. These pregnant women who are threatened by premature delivery are often hospitalized for a long time. The hospitalization brings itself a lot of dangerous. It´s about the place itself, each woman´s individuality, her accommodation to a strange surrounding, other clients, the service of a clinic but also the medical staff. The midwife takes care by a nursing process when she works with the client´s requirement. There is very important a holistic view of a woman. A midwife may not omit her physical and social conditions, emotional stability, self-respect and her job status and family position. My work goal consisted in finding the details about priority biopsychosocial problems at women who are hospitalized for a long time with the imminent premature delivery. There are two questions: What are the priority problems in biopsychosocial area at women with already mentioned problem? How do these women feel their requirement saturation during the hospitalization from their midwives? There was chosen qualitative investigation by unstandardized interviews to my research. Those interviews were anonymous. My research were took place eight women ? hospitalized at the risk pathological section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen. For both research questions were found answers. As the most often problem the interviewed women said about fear, worry about unborn child and the fear of the future. Good communication with a nursing staff, sufficient quantity of information and also midwife´s care helped to make their fear smaller. Just this care the clients rated as perfect and excellent. They said midwives are active, interested in their problems and feelings and they try to help them with solving their problems. My research also revealed that for hospitalized clients there was a big problem the whole day lieing and omitting their activities which coheres with that. In their department they spent their free time by reading, watching TV and surfing on the Internet. Freshly they´d welcome an opportunity pass the antenatal preparation because just hospitalization made them impossible to pass some of antenatal course. Of my research survey followed a need to make the antenatal course right for the clients of the Risk Pathological Section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen whom is recommended a quiescent regime during the hospitalization. This research value can be used as a feedback for midwives work in this section and in the whole clinic and also used for improve the care of pregnant clients.
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Issues of coordination of earning activities and the care for family - European tendencies versus the situation in the CR
Křenová, Radmila ; Munková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kotous, Jan (referee)
74 Resumé / Summary Title: Problems of harmonization of work and family care - European trends versus situation in the Czech Republic The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the current situation and problems of harmonization of work and family care, compare the situation in the Czech Republic in relation to other European countries and acquaint the reader with appropriate measures. I chose the theme of my thesis for its contemporaneousness and also because these are the problems I will deal with soon. The thesis composes five chapters. In the first chapter, I introduce reader to the problems in terms of comparing the problem in the Czech Republic and the European Union, indicating the impact on employment. Chapter two outlines the historical development of the problem, the European Union directive on equality and discrimination and deals with the European social policy with focus on family policy. In the following three chapters I identified specific instruments that solve problems encountered by today's families. The first instrument is parental leave, the maternity benefit and child benefit. Another instrument mentioned in my thesis is pre-school facilities, which provide non-financial support for families through a kind of institutional day-care for young children. In the last chapter of my thesis I deal...
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Transport-Geographical Attributes of the South Bohemian Region
WIPPLINGER, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the transport-geographical attributes of the South Bohemian Region. Basically, the thesis considers two important characteristics of the settlement structure-transport relationship. These are transport regionalization and hierarchization of the transport centres. Besides the viewpoint of the public transport the diploma thesis also deals with the individual automobile transport. The first chapters describe goals of the thesis and analyse relevant literature. These are followed by detailed methodological part containing the description of the choice of the settlement centres, delimitation of the transport regions and the analysis of hierarchy of the transport nodes. The further chapters analyse the real condition of the South Bohemian Region itself from the points of view of the attributes mentioned above.
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Monitoring of Phytoestrogens Expression to the Milk and Milk Products
Watzková, Jarmila ; Rittich, Bohuslav (referee) ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
Phytoestrogens are very intensively studied in recent years because they show different pharmacological effects on human health. For example, it was demonstrated that phytoestrogens reduce the risk of certain cancers (breast, prostate or colon), act as antioxidants in the body and affect the activity of certain enzymes. In addition, also it was demonstrated number of positive effects of soybean phytoestrogens on the health status of women in the menopause, such as reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or osteoporosis. Various technologically processed soy beans are important part of the feed rations mainly for high-lactating dairy cows, because they are a valuable source of the energy and high-quality protein, despite their negative effect on reproductive performance. Phytoestrogens consumed from the feed rations are hydrolyzed in the rumen of dairy cow and together with their metabolites are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood. They can be excreted from the body in urine or milk. From this perspective, cow's milk may become a source of phytoestrogens substances, especially equol in the human nutrition. On the other hand, some research results suggest possible potential risks associated with phytoestrogens intake in the diet on human health. At the some age (infants and young children) and group (vegetarians) categories may be dietary intake of phytoestrogens undiserable. According to most experts, a beneficial effect on human health prevail the potential risks. However, the risks associated with phytoestrogens intake in food can not be ignored and therefore phytoestrogens are still actual problem in the field of scientific research.
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Ectopic pregnancy - etiology, modern diagnostic and therapeutic approach
Poláčková, Monika ; Drahoňovský, Jan (advisor)
Ectopic pregnancy is an implantation of a fertilized egg in a location out of uterine cavity. In Czech Republic it is the most common acute abdomen episode as well as the leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester. The aim of this work was to bring more information and greater awareness of risk factors, moreover to point out modern diagnostic methods which are so important and valuable in identification of this state as soon as possible. Therapeutical management of ectopic pregnancy includes surgery or medical treatment depending on various factors as clinical findings, age, parity and patient's wish to preserve her fertility. My work also offers recommendations for prevention of ectopic pregnancy which may be useful not only for doctors, but also for public.
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Chicken antibodies as a tool of passive immunization against microbial diseases of respiratory tract
Růžička, Martin ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Švédová, Martina (referee)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia are opportunistic human pathogens. Hazards pose to immunocompromited patient groups, most of whom are patients suffering from cystic fibrosis, for which is the infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Burkholderia cepacia, often lethal. Bacteria exhibit resistance to most antibiotics and the immunization of patients, paradoxically, worsens the patients' condition. Hen antibodies, unlike mammalian do not activate the complement cascade and do not cause the inflammatory response, therefore, seem to be a suitable tool to protect high risk populations as a means of passive immunization. In this work were prepared specific chicken antibodies against significant virulent factor - bacterial lectins PAIIL and BClA responsible for adhesion. Antibody specificity was demonstrated by ELISA and Western blot. Antibodies were affinity purified and cleaved to fragments. Pneumocytes type II from the lungs of patients with Cystic Fibrosis were isolated and cultured. Tests of the adhesion of bacteria cells were performed on them using ELISA. As an alternative model rat pneumocytes and tumor cell line A549 has been used. Prepared antibodies specifically detect bacterial lectins on the surface of bacteria. Antibody has been shown to reduce adhesion of bacteria to...
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Protection of pregnant women, maternity and parenthood in labour law
Laštůvková, Vlaďka ; Soušková, Milena (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to examine the extent of the legal protection that is provided to pregnant women, women on maternity leave, and parents on parental leave, to evaluate the granted protection in terms of flexicurity and to suggest possible solutions. Firstly, it is focused on the general principles of labour law related with the topic and the relationship between labour law and civil law. In the descriptive part, the thesis deals with the basic legal aspects of the protection of pregnant women,maternity and parenthood. The aspects will be evaluated in terms of flexicurity. Furthermore, the most problematic sections of the law, especially the issue of employment of pregnant women, the onset parents back to work, and opportunities to work during the maternity and parental leave will be analyzed. In conclusion, the current state will be evaluated as well as the possible points of improvements and the description of suitable flexible forms of work will be possessed.
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Ground Heat Exchangers - Operating States and their Influence on Microbiological Hazards
Kolbábek, Antonín ; Klánová, Kateřina (referee) ; Kratochvíl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Jaroš, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with the Air to Ground Heat Exchangers (AGHEx) and their effects on the hygienic quality of the supplied air and the microbial microclimate in the interior of buildings. The theoretical part focuses on current findings and knowledge in the field of warm air heating, ventilation of the low-energy and energy passive houses and ground heat exchanger for the ventilation systems to family houses. The next chapter deals with the quality of the indoor environment and the influence on HVAC systems on the building microclimate. The experimental part of the thesis presents the results of energy simulations of operation of air to ground heat exchanger, obtained using the simplified model, and the data from long-term monitoring of experimental AGHEx built at FME BUT. Furthermore, the results of microbiological research of several already operating air to ground heat exchangers are evaluated. The research was carried out using two different sampling methods: the method using swabs taken from the pipe wall, and the sedimentation (gravimetric) method. The conclusion part mentions the practical experiences of users and knowledge of the author relating to the design, operation and use of air to ground heat exchangers.
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Cropping management influence on epigeic arthropods´ biodiversity
Michalčíková, Lenka ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor)
Soil biota is critical for many functions Agro Ecosystems, provides various ecosystem services. Has an impact on the water regime of soil, detoxify contaminants like. These processes (and organisms that control) determines plant growth and thus maintain long-term productivity of ecosystems Agro. Soil also hosts many invertebrate herbivores, microbial pathogens and rhizosphere organisms that have a direct impact on the growth of crops. Modi fi cation of vegetation and soil themselves agricultural activities affect soil biota, which has retroactive effect on plant growth and nutrient turnover. Indirect influence of soil biota in agriculture lies in the manipulation of plant cover, which affects the quality and quantity of organic inputs to the soil (Bartak, 2002). Just as property of the soil by soil organisms, employee participation, and vice versa soil organisms react sensitively to any changes of soil environment (Barrios, 2007).
This view of individual species allows us to analyze the composition of Agro biota. For many systematic groups agrobiocenóza formed predominantly species of group 2, thus representing a degradation stage agrobiocenóza original cenózy in other taxa in turn is substantially represented group 3. Specific agrobiocenózy composition also depends on the type of culture and forms management (Barták 2002).
Traditional technology tillage. Basic tillage involves plowing, plowing, and their treatment, deepening topsoil, undermining and deep soil loosening. Tillage to regulate the conditions for plant growth and development. Further modifying the physical state of the ground, regulates the ratio between water and air in the soil, acts on the activity of microorganisms and invertebrates; tillage accelerates mineralization of organic substances affects Humicola fi cation processes in the soil. The level of tillage is strongly reflected in the development of plants during all vegetation (Faměra, 1993). According Suškeviče (1997) is essential in conventional agriculture obdělávacím surgery and one of the most important measures agrotechnical plowing. Minimizing tillage systems Reducing tillage intensity, ie. Minimization system and direct the mean substantial benefits for soil fertility. The intensity of tillage has a big impact on her fertility and maturity. Such as soil fertility is understood its long-term ability to procreate, while the maturity of the soil is a measure of soil structure supporting the right fertility. The key indicators of soil fertility are the aggregation of soil particles (density, clay and humus complexes), porosity and water content and soil nutrients. The high humus content, high biological activity and low erosion are the determining factors behind the high fertility of the soil. Minimization and soil conservation systems, these factors promote (Köller and Linke, 2006).
Many previous studies comparing the biodiversity of farmland under different management systems. These studies cover a wide range of taxa. Hole et al. (2005) 76 worthy of such studies. Regarding cultivation practices, there is work comparing biodiversity much less. For example Schier (2006) considers the soil conservation tillage of the soil behind friendly environment which is favorable for arthropods, particularly insects.
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