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Food tours in Prague
Lampertová, Denisa ; Mlejnková, Lena (advisor) ; Kalábová, Markéta (referee)
This bachelors thesis is about Food tours in Prague, which are focused on Czech and Prague cuisine. The theoretical part is focused on defining basic terms in the tourism industry, food tourism and pricing and awards in the gastronomy. The practical part contains characteristic of Czech cuisine, todays organizers of Food tours in Prague and their comparison and statistics of food service establishments in the capital Prague. Next part contains creation of two Food tours. The aim of this bachelors thesis was to create two Food tours for two types of customer base, for tourists and for gourmets. In this thesis there were specified conditions for both Food tours and the choice of establishments was influenced by ratings from public and my personal experience. Then it was made the comparison of these Food tours with given standards.
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Evaluation of health risks lifestyles of older school age children.
DOPITOVÁ, Pavla
This thesis is concerned with assessment of the health risks of lifestyle of basic school children. The topic of the healthy nutrition, the healthy lifestyle and the healthy eating habits has been more and more popular. The healthy eating habits influence the whole human life and the term health has to be understood as a constant value that we have to protect and develop. Nutrition of children and youth is one of the most pronounced matter nowadays all over the world. First part of the thesis is focused on the lifestyle of basic school children, it´s parts and results too (especially the part about nutrition). Then it is focused on work of pediatric´s nurse who takes care about them. In my thesis I found two goals: to assess the specific lifestyle risks of basic school children and to find if basic school children keep the rules of healthy eating. Based on these goals four hypotheses were set: the H1 - Children eat more fruit than vegetables. H2 - Children drink sweet drinks more than water. H3 - Children don´t keep healthy eating habits. H4 - Children prefer fast-food meals to school meals. The hypotheses number H1, H3 and H4 were accepted. The H2 wasn´t accepted because the statistic showed that children drink more water than sweet drinks. The quantitative research was done to reach the goals and confirm the hypotheses via anonymous questionnaire for children from 13-15 years old. This research was given to approximately 310 pupils of primary school. The results were put into charts and tables and statistically assessed with Pearson chi square test. The results of research of my thesis were used for a booklet about healthy eating habits for children and their parents. The material should be ready for use for pediatric´s nurses who work for general practitioner for children and adolescents. The brochure can serve for gaining more information about healthy nutrition.
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Nutrition and other factors, which have influence on the formation and prevention of colorectal cancer
BENEŠOVÁ, Lucie
The full title of my bachelor thesis is Nutrition and Other Factors Influencing the Development and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. In the theory section of the paper I have concentrated on clarifying the term "colorectal cancer", its epidemiology, and furthermore, on diet and other risk factors concerning the development and prevention of this disease. In this theory section I have included information about screening tests for occult bleeding. I have addressed the key objectives in the practical section of the thesis. I had set two key objectives. The first was to research how well respondents were informed concerning diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, and the second objective concentrated on assessing the respondents' behaviour in relation to the information they had acquired. The research questions were formulated thus: "How well are people informed about diets aimed at preventing colorectal cancer?" and "Do people behave according to information thus gained?" The qualitative research method a semi-structured interview was used for the research section. Ten male respondents over the age of 45 took part in the interview. Five of these males were Dr Ilona Paseková's outpatients all with a genetic disposition to colorectal cancer, with most experiencing problems related to this disease. The other five respondents were without any predispositions. After receiving answers to the questions posed to the respondents, I wanted to compare both groups in order to ascertain whether those with a genetic predisposition showed a greater interest in this disease. Furthermore, I wanted to find out whether those respondents were actively seeking information concerning the prevention or treatment of colorectal and anal cancer. All those interviewed were very open and willing to answer questions. Collection of data was carried out from January 2014 to March 2014. The conclusions of this thesis show that public awareness of colorectal cancer and its prevention is inadequate. Public awareness of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer is markedly poor, even among high-risk respondents. Having observed this lack of awareness, I proceeded to question respondents as to their dietary and lifestyle habits. Furthermore, the respondents were asked if they were aware that colorectal cancer screening was available in the Czech Republic. The results showed that some respondents, however unaware of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, follow a healthy diet, thus fulfilling dieticians' recommendations concerning the prevention of this disease. When asked about preventive foods, respondents most often mentioned brassicas broccoli and cabbage, etc. Conversely, the most often mentioned foods said to increase the risk of disease were smoked meat and red meat. One respondent mentioned the preventive affects of shark cartilage. I was very surprised by this assertion and subsequently searched the internet for information relating to shark cartilage. To my surprise, I found that the respondent was indeed not mistaken, and that statements to that effect can be found on websites promoting dietary supplements containing shark cartilage extract. According to these sources sharks do not suffer from cancer and therefore, their cartilage is closely studied and dietary supplements containing its extracts are produced. Furthermore, I intended to compare two groups of respondents those with genetic dispositions and those without. After carrying out the respective interviews, their comparison appeared to be futile. In both groups I identified respondents who followed a healthy diet and lifestyle as well as those who did not. I found that there is no relation between high-risk habits and predisposition to colorectal cancer. Whether a respondent with such a predisposition decided to follow a healthy diet or change his dietary habits and lifestyle or not was purely a question of his personal preferences.
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Speciation analysis of toxicologocally important forms of arsenic: development and comparison of hydride generation based methods with ICP-MS detection
Trojánková, Nikola ; Matoušek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Száková, Jiřina (referee)
Nowadays, arsenic is becoming an important pollutant in the environment. Chronic exposure to arsenic can cause number of serious diseases. Therefore, a development of analytical methods for trace and ultratrace speciation analysis- analysis of individual forms or phases in which As is found in the sample - is fully in place. This Thesis compares four methods of trace speciation analysis, with focus on limits of detection and quantification, and on comparison of results of analysis of river and sea water reference materials. Methods based on hydride generation with preconcentration by cryotrapping and AAS or ICP-MS detection, with limits of detection in ng or tenths of ng·dm-3 , are compared with procedures employing HPLC, with ICP-MS detection. The Thesis includes development and optimization of a pre-reduction step of postcolumn hydride generation with on-line pre-reduction of pentavalent arsenic species, in order to improve sensitivity of this method. Limits of detection around 10 ng·dm-3 are achieved. The results of analyses obtained by individual methods are in excellent agreement. Keywords: Arsenic, speciation analysis, hydride generation, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma- mass spectrometry, high efficiency liquid chromatography, limits of detection.
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The role of nurse as regards the need of alimentation and hydratation of long-term patients
VOTAVOVÁ, Šárka
The need of nourishment and hydration are among the most basic physiological needs. An individual cannot be satisfied without the fulfillment of these needs. A healthy individual eats and drinks according to his needs. However, a long-term ward patient or an old person experiences a decreased need for nutrition and hydration. These patients must therefore be continually offered food and drink. A sick person often feels ashamed to ask favors from others. An unwritten rule states therefore, that a long-term lying patient should be offered a drink every time he is passed by. Here, nurses play an important part. Two aims were settled. (1) Find out how important nurses are to the long-term lying patient and his need of nutrition. (2) Find out how important nurses are to the long-term lying patient and his need of hydration Further, two hypotheses were set: H 1: Nurses take an active part in supplying the need of nutrition of the long-term lying patients. H 2: Nurses take an active part in supplying the need of hydration of the long-term lying patients. A structured questionnaire was chosen as the means of collecting data from nurses, while patients were questioned directly through an inquiry. Nurses included in this work come from long-term wards and elderly wards in České Budějovice, Písek, Strakonice and Horažďovice. The inquiry involved eighty long-term lying patients. It was presumed that the nurses play an irreplaceable part in supplying the patients with nutrition and hydration. These presumptions were inferred by this work. From the obtained results it is clear that nurses are very important for the needs of the patients. The aims and hypotheses were proved by both the nurses and the patients. This does not necessarily mean though, that the care offered to the patient could not be further improved. An active exchange of experience among the nursing establishments, concerning even the easiest issues such as nourishment and hydration in patients is highly recommended. The results of this work were already noticed and required by the head-nurses of wards in hospitals in České Budějovice and Písek.
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The table value of tubers from organic and conventional potato growing system
BOUŠKOVÁ, Michaela
The objective of this thesis was to assess the potato varieties produced by ecological and conventional farming, to find out the deviations of cooking types and to establish the cooking quality of the tubers The cooking quality of potatoes was established subjectively, based on sensory analysis. The individual characteristics of the cooking quality which were assessed included the colour of flesh, consistency, texture, flouriness, moisture, taste, and tuber darkening after cooking. The results suggest that the characteristics of the cooking quality depend mostly on the variety. The year of growth and the ways of farming also form a minor influence. The deviations of the actual cooking type of the assessed varieties from the declared cooking type were established according to the method of the Czech Agriculture and Food Inspection Authority. The results of the assessed varieties show that the cooking type was not affected; minor differences were caused by the year of growth.
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Examining the significance of peptides regulating the intake of food and the nutritional state of children and adolescents
Bronský, Jiří ; Průša, Richard (advisor) ; Pelouch, Václav (referee) ; Hyánek, Josef (referee)
Introduction: Regulation of food intake and nutritional status is mediated by complex interactions of regulatory peptides of the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and adipose tissue. These systems are connected by feedback loops which inform the centre about amount of ingested food and energy reserves in the organism. Dysfunction of any of these regulatory areas may lead to changes in nutritional status of the organism. Methods: We used radioimmunoassay to measure plasma levels of orexin A, total ghrelin and serum levels of leptin and enzyme immunoassay to measure serum levels of adiponectin in healthy subjects and in children with obesity, anorexia nervosa, Crohn's disease and celiac disease and we evaluated the influence of nutritional therapy on these levels. Moreover, we evaluated relationship of these regulatory peptides to other biochemical and anthropometrical factors of nutritional status. We also measured plasma levels of total and unreduced amylin by enzyme immunoassay with immunofluorescence detection in adult patients with osteoporosis, type II diabetes mellitus and in the control group. Results: During reduction of body weight in obese children and adolescents, there were statistically significant changes of plasma orexin A levels and total ghrelin levels, but we haven't seen any...
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Use of SPE in HPLC Analysis II
Soukupová, Marie ; Kubíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Link, Marek (referee)
Souhrn Tato diplomové práce byla věnována optimalizaci metody předseparace amlodipinu z biologických vzorků pomocí extrakce na tuhých fázích před samotnou chromatografickou analýzu. Celkem byly otestovány tři typy tuhých fází různé polarity vhodných pro extrakci léčiva, řada elučních činidel a byly modifikovány podmínky extrakce. Nejlepších výsledků bylo dosaženo s tuhými fázemi s navázanými kyanopropylovými skupinami a činidlem o složení amoniak 25% : acetonitril 1:3 (v/v). Jako vnitřní standard pro následné chromatografické analýzy amlodipinu s fluorimetrickou detekcí byl navržen pyren, možnost jeho použití byla potvrzena výsledky fluorimetrického stanovení. Metoda optimalizovaná pokusy s modelovými vzorky léčiva rozpuštěného v pufru byla vyzkoušena při práci s reálným biologickým materiálem.
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The issue of inclusion of organic agriculture and food industry in the teaching of natural science and biology at primary and secondary schools
Zunová, Hana ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis called The issue of inclusion of organic agriculture and food industry in the teaching of natural science and biology at primary and secondary schools deals with organic farming, its present situation and current legislation in the Czech Republic and the European Union. The theme of organic farming and organic food is conceived in a broader context and it is followed by other related topics, such as food additives, transgenic organisms (GMOs) and Fair Trade. The primary objective is to provide to biology teachers in primary and secondary schools guidance on how to present this issue to their pupils and students. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey two hypotheses were verified: 1. Students know what the organic food is and can enumerate the basic tenets of organic farming. 2. Teachers of natural science and biology at the primary and secondary schools do not include organic farming issues in their lessons. Both hypotheses háve been refuted. Objectives of this thesis are: 1) To identify options of including the topič of organic farming in the teaching of biology and cross subjects, in accordance with Educational Programmes for elementary and secondary schools. 2) To create educational materials about organic farming (Microsoft PowerPoint presentation for teachers; to create or modify...
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Komplexní geochemický výzkum interakcí a migrací organických a anorganických látek v horninovém prostředí: Sorpce organických polutantů přírodními sorbenty
Geofyzika, a.s., Brno ; Česká geologická služba, pobočka Brno ; Toul, J. ; Müller, P. ; Kovářová, M. ; Hanák, J. ; Boháček, Z. ; Bezděk, J.
Zpráva se zabývá problematikou charakterizace organické hmoty hornin, sedimentů a půd jako přírodních sorbentů a interakcemi těchto materiálů s organickými polutanty v modelových systémech hornina - voda. Výsledky analýz byly podrobeny auditu jakosti a spolehlivosti statistickým hodnocením údajů včetně vyšetření korelací mezi definitivně příbuznými analytickými veličinami. Byly validovány metody stanovení triazinových herbicidů ve vodách a zeminách pomocí HPLC. Výsledky jsou uvedeny v přílohách.
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