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Alpine glaciers retreat after little ice age and its relation to climate changes
Dutková, Alena ; Sládek, Ivan (advisor) ; Zelenka, Přemysl (referee)
This thesis deals with climatic changes and its influence on mountain glaciers in Alps since the little ice age to present. Knowledge published in domestic and foreign literature is applied to the example of Morteratsch glacier in swiss Alps and high elevation meteorological station Sonnblick in austrian Alps. Alpine mountain range is one of the most researched and the longest populated mountain ranges in the world. For this reasons we have for use long time period of meteorological and glaciological datasets.
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Transformation of geopolitical importance of Arctic Ocean due to climate change.
Doboš, Bohumil ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
Work describes and predicts future development in geopolitical situation in the region of the Arctic Ocean. Problematic is covered with regard to melting of the Arctic iceberg leading to access of mineral resources under the sea floor, as well as to opening of so-called Northern Route as the shortest sea route between Far East and European markets. Thesis is a case study, which creates the most probable development in the region and its conflict potential based on study of available sources. Specific points covered in the text are, after geographically limiting the area and summing up the historical process, problematic of peak oil and sketching probability of melting of the Arctic iceberg. Second part covers the question of recovering of the mineral resources in the area - oil and natural gas as the most important. It also deals with dependence of the countries in the area on the drilling and with impacts of the possible drilling in the Arctic Ocean on the situation inside these countries. Last topic covered in this part are tools a conventions of the sea law dealing with setting of so-called Exclusive economic zones and technical difficulties of the mining process. Third part covers topic of availability of Northern Route and North-west Passage and their fallout on the trade between Far East and Europe...
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Influence of taphonomic factors on bone and dental tissue degradation.
Lichnerová, Katarína ; Eliášová, Hana (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
Post-mortem decomposition of skeletal remains is a response to the interactive effects of abiotic and biotic environmental factors (eg. climatic factors, the nature of the soil, the influence of water, microorganisms, plants, animals, humans). The present work deals with the effects of the taphonomic factors on skeletal and dental material. Only marginally affects the degradation of soft tissue. It describes changes in the integrity of the skeletal remains deposited on the surface or in the soil. Also discusses the extreme conditions that may be expose bones and teeth in connection with cannibalism or suppression of identity of the individual. Emphasises the importance of the knowledge of taphonomy tissues of the body in the context of archaeology and forensic anthropology.
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Like in a beehive. Agglutination and cellular structures in the 20th century European architecture
Hojda, Ondřej ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
This MA thesis takes its topic from the domain of the 20th century architecture and focuses on one of its less known currents. When designing, certain architects during this period have adopted a form that we define as cellular and agglutinative. This is supposed to mark that this architecture is composed of small, repetitive units. These units were then grouped in a freemannered and variable fashion, neglecting the classical rules of symmetry and, on the contrary, drawing the form from the internal logic of the building and its environment namely the climate and terrain. This principle is very ancient, we find it already in Çatal Höyük, the oldest known city ever, and it displays itself in various examples of the "spontaneous" "vernacular" architecture, or "architecture without architects". Nevertheless, this thesis discusses the principle solely as a concept in modern architecture. The author poses questions about the origin of this concept, how it expressed itself and what was its development. The research method is based on analysing particular buildings, then discussing the deeper theoretical and historical background. Gradually, three sorts of answers emerge. The first one lies in a profound interest for archaic cultures shared by certain architects, and also for what is still alive of these cultures,...
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Bioaerosols
Hladíková, Dita ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
Bioaerosols and aerobiology are similar terms associated with the study of chemical, physical and biological fields. Bioaerosols in the air is a part of the aerosol containing particles of biological origin, such as viruses, bacteria, fungal spores, house dust mites and pollen. These particles can affect health of living organisms in terms of allergies, toxicity, carcinogenicity or infection and ultimately affect the planet's climate system because of acting as condensation nuclei for the formation of precipitation. The most studied biological effects of the above-mentioned on human health are reported respiratory symptoms and pulmonary diseases. This is due to almost continuous human exposure to these particles, both in the domestic environment, which includes mainly house dust mites, animal allergens, molds and bacteria, and outdoors, where a person is exposed to pollen and outdoor molds. In the case of interference with the climate system of the Earth there is a direct or indirect influence. Indirect effects include the creation of clouds and precipitation, which has the effect on the hydrological cycle of the planet. Scattering and absorption of solar radiation is considered a direct effect on climate change. Foreign literature was a crucial source of information on this topic.
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Environmental Problems in Europe in Relation to the Environmental Policy of the European Union
Medková, Kateřina ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
This thesis deals with certain environmental problems in Europe and with attempts to solve these environmental problems within the framework of the European Union. The purpose of this work is to make its readers acquainted with the scope of the EU environmental policy and Community legislation on the protection of the environment. The thesis is focused on four main subject-matters: (i) climate change as a consequence of the global warming process, (ii) air pollution and the ozone layer depletion, (iii) water contamination and (iv) soil degradation. The issue which of the environmental problems require a regional approach and which a global approach is also considered in the thesis.
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The Teaching Environment of the Classroom
Langerová, Iva ; Linková, Marie (referee) ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor)
The Diploma Thesis views the material equipment, architectural disposals of nowadays classrooms together with actual group longlasting emocional tune specified like a social and emotional climate. The research work is done in Prague and in the primary school in Příšovice, in the country-side. The Diploma Thesis concerns with the pupils' and teachers' opinions which are recognized, evaluated, framed and matched one another more closely. The Diploma Thesis is further aimed at the interrelationship conditionality characteristics among material and architectural disposals and social and emotional climate in the investigated classroom. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Does Czech Republic need a carbon tax?
Večeř, Marek ; Špecián, Petr (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with a concept of a carbon tax. It presents the theoretical working of the carbon tax, estimates of the tax rate, possible impacts on the economy and comparison to potential alternatives. In the empirical part of the thesis, there is, based on panel data, analyzed the effect of the size of the carbon tax rate on the amount of emissions of CO2 in selected OECD countries. Results of regression analysis indicate that every increase in the carbon tax rate by $1 per tonne of CO2 will be reflected in the decrease of emissions by 0.57 % in the given country. The thesis thus shows that carbon tax could be quite useful tool for reduction in the amount of emissions of CO2 and therefore a useful tool to reduce impacts of climate change.
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Models and tools for validation of biodiversity in the Dřevnice catchment
Cudlín, Ondřej ; Pechanec, V. ; Štěrbová, L. ; Cudlín, Pavel
We use several GIS tools to assess and predict the changes in biodiversity in the Dřevnice catchment. First,\nwe created GIS layer, consisted of natural and near to nature habitats (system Natura 2000) and Corine\nLand Cover for more anthropically influenced habitats. The Land Change Modeller was used to predict the\ndevelopment of land cover on the basis of comparison of data in several historical periods. To determine\nthe areas with high threat to biodiversity we created firstly another GIS layer of habitats with low\nnaturalness. Afterwards we used the model GLOBIO 3, which works with five basic driving forces (habitat\nnaturalness, infrastructure presence, distance from communications, nitrogen pollution load and\nmodelled climatic change parameters). GLOBIO 3 uses for each layer the MSA indicator (mean species\nabundance per area), which reflects the worldwide threat to selected endangered species. With regard to\nthe conditions of the Czech Republic and non‐availability of the nationwide database of finding data on\nprotected plant and animals, we should change this indicator for MHV (mean habitat value per area). Last\nGIS layer enables us to select up to now unprotected areas with a high value of biodiversity and naturalness of habitats for environmentally friendly agriculture and forestry management by model Marxan. The model combines the existing categories of natural reserves, biodiversity values (expressed in CZK according to Biotope Valuation Method) and the penalty for any nature degradation due to inadequate protection, abundance and distribution of species of interest (in this case the valuable and\npreserved habitats). Simultaneously it aims for a spatial compactness of design. The output is a layeridentifying the refugia for preservation and spreading of wild plants and animals to the cultural landscape,\nespecially with regard to climate change.
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Application of DSSAT model to simulated thermophilic crops in central and southern Europe
Potop, V. ; Mateescu, C.D. ; Türkott, L. ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Boroneant, C. ; Constantinescu, F. ; Iamandei, M.
This study presents applications of DSSAT version 4.5 software package to simulate thermophilic crops. The results are used to identified adaptation options to reduce impacts of climate changes, pest and diseases in thermophilic crops in the central and southeastern Europe, specifically in Elbe River lowland and Romania. For the Czech Republic, experimental research at farm level includes: (1) testing thermophilic assortment of vegetables in Elbe lowland conditions; (2) monitoring the meteorological data, phenological phases, soil characteristics, leaf area and the amount of aboveground biomass on farmer vegetable fields. For Romania, the focus is put on crop water use efficiency under current and future climate scenarios for thermophilic species (maize) in different agricultural sites from south and south-eastern regions. CERES Maize and CROPGRO-vegetables modules embedded in DSSAT were used.
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