|
Relationship of olfactory functions and psychopathology in patients with autism spectrum disorders
Dudová, Iva ; Hrdlička, Michal (advisor) ; Drtílková, Ivana (referee) ; Jirák, Roman (referee)
The aim of our study was to examine olfactory functions (odor detection thresholds, odor identification and odor preference) and to explore their relationship with psychopathology in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Thirty-five patients with Asperger's syndrome and high functioning autism (mean age 10,8 ± 3,6 years; 31 boys) were compared with 35 healthy control subjects (mean age 10,4 ± 2,4 years; 28 boys). There were no significant differences between groups with regard to mean age (p = 0,598) and gender proportion (p = 0,324). Olfactory testing (threshold and identification) used the Sniffin' Sticks test. Odor pleasantness was assessed on a 5-point scale using the Identification part of the Sniffin' Sticks test. The severity of autistic psychopathology was measured by the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Participants with ASD, in comparison with healthy controls, were significantly impaired relative to odor detection thresholds (6,3 ± 3,1 vs. 7,9 ± 2,0; p = 0,025). Autistic participants were significantly better in correctly identifying the odor of an orange (94 vs. 63%; p < 0,05) and significantly worse at correctly identifying the odor of cloves (40 vs. 74%; p < 0,05). With regard to identification of fourteen other substances, there were no significant differences. There...
|
|
Hospital clown
Vláčilová, Michaela ; PETIŠKOVÁ, Ladislava (advisor) ; HALAŠ, Adam (referee)
Brief characteristic:
The aim of the present thesis is to describe the Zdravotni klaun civic association, namely the work of the clowns themselves - zdravotni klaun, or "health clowns", i.e. artists visiting children and adult hospital patients. It amounts to a new creative discipline practiced by young artists, who, in their clown hospital visits, employ selected artistic approaches to benefit the health condition of the patients or people suffering from various ailments. This humane institution using artistic methods is already considered a part of the healing process in the hospitals, most notably where serious diseases are concerned. The artists use their original approach to heighten the patients' spirits and, primarily, to elicit laughter, which sets off supportive bodily functions augmenting the effects of treatment. This thesis offers an essential research into this new and developing discipline, drawing on direct experiences of the artists involved in the field in an effort to abstract summarising conclusions and to use their experience to shed more light on the character of this new discipline.
|
|
Forest preschool feasibility study
Ratajová, Lucie ; Kalous, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Tumová, Anna (referee)
This thesis deals with the problem concerning the foundation and operation of forest preschools in the Czech Republic. The first forest preschool in the Czech Republic was founded in 2007 and the number of forest preschool has increased to forty-functioning forest preschools. However the forest preschools do not meet the requirements of preschool services. In the Czech Republic is no legislative rules for the operation of forest preschools. Nevertheless the research from abroad confirmed the positive effect on mental and physical development of children at preschool age. Above that the northern countries, Denmark and Germany support the functioning of the forest preschools. The foundation and the operation of forest preschool in the Czech Republic is accompanied with a lot of unclear issues. Because of that, the feasibility study provide a material which will help to future funders to evaluate the feasibility, reasonableness of the project, provide the information which will influence the operation and the foundation of the forest preschool in their neighborhood. The main aim of the thesis is to assess an implementation aspects that can influence the establishment of forest preschool. The feasibility study is related to the specific forest preschool in the district of Strakonice. The thesis is...
|
|
The diagnosis of school maturity in relation to the pupil's adaptation to the 1st year of primary school
Hnyková, Radka ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the determination of the development characteristics of the period from the age of three to eight (i.e. pre-school and younger school age). The principal focus is on the issue of school maturity, the possibilities of its diagnosis and the pupils' adaptation to the first year of primary school. The empirical part introduces a quantitative research focused on some diagnostic methods (the Orientation Test of School Maturity - Orientační test školní zralosti, the Knowledge Test of Pre-school Children - Zkouška znalostí předškolních dětí and The Star - Wave Test) and the possibility of using these methods for predicting a child's adaptation to the first year of primary school. The thesis aims to examine how these methods could be used and also to show the possible limits related to using these methods. Keywords: school maturity, diagnostics, postponement, preschool age, primary schoool matriculation, adaptation
|
|
Home is not only a place
Pažoutová, Renata ; Skarlantová, Jana (advisor) ; Novotná, Magdalena (referee)
Art provides the possibility of specific and multilateral influences on the personality development of preschool children. This work aims to instruct, through creative development techniques, ways to achieve the pre-defined pages of childrens' personalities in kindergarten during one school year. There have been positive changes in cognitive and emotional levels concerning the development of social relations, and also the deepening sense of personal feelings and ability to express both verbal and artistic creation.
|
|
Comparison of the diagnostic results school readiness in town and village
RŮŽIČKOVÁ, Martina
The Bachelor thesis titled The comparison of the diagnostic results of school readiness in the city and in the village is focused on the problems of the school age development. The object is to give the opinion on better readiness for school of the children in the city or in the village. The theoretical part contains the characteristics of preschool child's motor, cognitive, perceptual, social and emotional development. There is the concept of the school readiness and the individual parts of the school readiness, the school readiness, the school immaturity and the reason of the postponement of schooling there. The practical part includes the results of the investigation in the selected sample of children using the tests of the school readiness.
|
|
Drawing as a criterion of school readiness
Mládková, Šárka ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to drawing as one of tasks of Jirasek's orientation test of school readiness. It is based on a research, which was executed in pre-school with children ready to enter first level of elementary school. I'm trying to expand Jirasek's view on school- ready children's drawing. In this research, kids were asked to draw a man. After the drawing I executed an interview with each kid focused on a term "man". I analyzed drawings and interviews. Such research helped me to clarify and expand view of rating drawings of preschool kids. It was helpful specially in regard to rating synthetic way of drawing and considering all elements of drawing not only the figure itself. Also I researched a relationship between speech and drawing in general and in regard to a common element of a term "man". I compared the results of rating both mediums and found there is a certain correlation. I found, that verbal expression of a kid can very well correspond with his drawing expression. It can also work as a certain additional factor when a kid cannot express his real level in drawing. It was proven, that drawing itself should not be considered as a sufficient tool for measuring of school readiness. It should be accompanied by the interview with the child. Key words Drawing; figure; man; school...
|
|
School readiness and speech development
KARASOVÁ, Magdaléna
My bachelor's thesis is concerned with school maturity and readiness, its aspects and speech development problems. In one of the chapters I define the speech defects and disorders and I mention what kind of speech abilities preschool children should have. In the practical part I try to find out whether the thinking in a child has any influence on speech development. The research has been done using three kinds of tests, all of which have been evaluated.
|
|
Respect for the specifics of musical development of preschool
Píchová, Romana ; Havlová, Jana (advisor) ; Kodejška, Miloš (referee)
Precis: The thesis, research was at nursery school. Dealt with identifying whether they are respected musical development specific of preschool children. The research method used was a questionnaire survey, direkt observation, as well as an interview method of analysis and class documents. The research focused on levels of some factors that that affect compliance with specific set of development and implementation of the resulting needs. In particular, the level of professional competence and teacher influence speciffic knowledge of musical development of preschool age in their respect. Furthermore, as the criteria were examined and the classroom teacher created the conditions that enable compliance with specific musical development of preschool children.
|
|
The harmonization of private and professional life
Demnerová, Veronika ; Hubinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Linková, Marcela (referee)
This master thesis deals with the harmonization of private and professional life. The aim of this thesis is to find effective ways of harmonizing family and work focusing on the female population of working age, especially on women with young children in the preschool age, their position on the labour market and the possibility of reintegration into the workforce with minimal impact on the family and children. The thesis is also interested in the issue of corporate kindergartens and their role in the issue of women's employment. Theory includes the topic of gender, women on labour market, a combination and conflict of work and family and ways of balance work and family. The practical part is divided into two case studies. The first deals with the company kindergarten as one of the possible solutions, from the point of view of management and employees. The second part deals with some concrete examples of solution how women harmonize private life and work.
|
guest ::
