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Nutrition in tennis players compared with future teachers
Češnerová, Markéta ; Přibyl, Ivan (advisor) ; Mojžíš, Otakar (referee)
The theme of this paper is to compare the diet and drinking regime between competition tennis players and future teachers. The toretical part deals with tennis history, historical and even contemporary achieve ments most of all our tennis players. There is also described healthy food, drinkink regime, healthy lifestyle and regimen. The practicial part deals with short introduction of surveyed tennis players and future teachers, descriptions of thein eating babits and thein comparisons.
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Condition dependence of secondary ornamentation and mate choice in Grey Partridges
Gabrielová, Barbora ; Albrecht, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
This study focuses on relationships between individual condition, measures of ornament expression and mate choice in the Grey Partridge (Perdix perdix). It is based on the correlative data as well as results of manipulative experiments. I found positive correlation between the size of melanin- and carotenoid-based ornaments in partridges. The size and the redness of the carotenoid skin patch, and the size of the melanin-based feather ornamentation were associated with several measures of immunity and overall body condition (complement activity, ratio of immature erythrocytes, heterophil/leucocyte ratio, response to novel antigen). Furthermore, data from natural populations indicate that the expression of carotenoid-based ornamentation is associated with sexual attractiveness (measured as the ability to obtain a social mate) in partridges. Data from captive individuals indicate that carotenoid supplementation improves the redness of carotenoid-based ornament, while the stimulation of the immune system under increasing concentrations of supplemented carotenoids has no measurable effect on condition and physiological state. This seems to contradict predictions of the 'Carotenoid maintenance hypothesis'. Overall, results better understanding the role of carotenoid and melanin-based ornamentation in signaling...
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Younger Junior Woman's Movement Output in Handball with Selected Team SCM
Kastnerová, Eva ; Tůma, Martin (advisor) ; Velenský, Michael (referee)
Title: Younger Junior Women's Movement Output in Handball with a Selected Team SCM. Objectives : The Aim of the thesis is a result analysis of SCM member's compulsory testing of movement output in handball together with considering the effectivity of the load. Methods: We used methods of analysis and comparison in our work. The method of analysis was applied when analysing each of the disciplines, and the method of comparison was used in the part where we compared the disciplines of the testing set, and in the part where we compared the members. The comparison was also applied in the part where average values needed to be compared. Results: We have found out that the influence of the training did not cause expected rise of physical condition. We have concluded from the results of the training set. During the two-year cycle in which we monitored the amount of load of the training unit the physical condition fell. Keywords: movement abilities, condition, junior age, diagnosis in handball, testing unit.
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Use of fitness training in hereditary neuropathy
Vránová, Michaela ; Horáček, Ondřej (referee) ; Matouš, Miloš (advisor)
The aim was to assess exercise habits, handle the issue condition in patients with hereditary neuropathy and to clarify the possibility of using fitness training in this disease. We managed to show a reduced fitness of patients with hereditary neuropathy and its relationship with the severity of neurologic disability and mobility habits of individuals. The study results also show the positive effect of physical stress on condition of patients with hereditary neuropathy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Melanin-based ornaments of birds and their relationship to individual condition
Straka, Antonín ; Svobodová, Jana (advisor) ; Karlíková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis summarizes findings from literature about the melanin pigment and its properties, melanogenesis, factors affecting the synthesis and tissue deposition of melanin, methods for analysis of ornamental traits of birds, and the relationship of melanin-based ornaments and individual condition. Current studies show that the expression of melanin plumage can be condition-dependent; size or chroma of ornaments frequently signals individual condition. The relationship between condition indicators and the melanin pigment is found more often in achromatic species than in species with melanin- and carotenoid-based plumage. There's a lack of research dealing with pheomelanin ornaments.
Statistical analysis of data obtained from adult male great tits (Parus major) captured during the nesting seasons 2014 and 2015 on sites Čimický háj and Ďáblický háj in Prague was carried out to test the relationship between the size of the melanin-based breast stripe and standardized weight, absolute leukocyte count and tarsus length. Results didn't confirm a link between the area of the breast ornament and analyzed indicators of condition. Future research will take into account other condition parameters which could contribute to explain the role of the breast stripe in sexual selection in the great tit.
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Condition comparison of laminitic horses with healthy horses
Vitnerová, Dana ; Rozinek, Jiří (advisor) ; Jakub, Jakub (referee)
Laminitis (commonly called founder) is the second most frequent reason to euthanize the horse after colic. It is a general system disease, which has many causes and risk factor and leads to significant changes in the anatomy of the hoof. If the horse fall sick, therapy is not always without aftereffects. A major part of horses affected by laminitis remain disabled and eventually must be euthanized. Experts believe that obesity is one of the risk factor for laminitis.
Body condition is the actual nutritional status of the horse. Body condition may change during the life and it is mainly influenceable by way of breeding and management.
This theses was tasked to compare the body condition of laminitic horses with healthy horses and find out whether laminitis is a potential risk for healthy horses. In theses are information about 63 horses, 31 horses with laminitis and 32 healthy horses. The results showed that 60,32 % horses (38/63) are designated as fat or obese (BCS 3,5 to 5), 20 horses with laminitis and 18 healthy horses. In ideal body condition (BCS 2,5 to 3) is 33,33 % (21/63), 8 horses with laminitis and 13 healthy horse. In bad body condition (BCS 0 to 2) is 6,35 % horses.
From these results we can estimate that majority of horses (56,25 % healthy horses) is unnecessarily overfed, horses have not adequate exercise, they are in higher body condition. In these horses is higher probability for inception of laminitis.
The statistical result showed that a group of horses with laminitis and a group of healthy horse are similar in BCS values. However both groups are different from the ideal BCS. Their BCS value (3,39) is higher than optimal (BCS 3).
From this results we can conclude that obese horse does not always suffer from laminitis and also the horse in ideal body condition can fall sick with laminitis. Higher risk for laminitis is a horse overfeeding intensive spring grazing or excessive amount of concentrated feed than the nutritional status of the horse.
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The incidence of postpartum diseases - ketosis, acidosis, depending on which condition and structure of the of rations in transition
Bubnová, Zuzana ; Hučko, Boris (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
This thesis formed on the observation of the influence of body condition score (BCS) before calving on the prevalence of ketosis after calving and the structure of mixed ration on prevalence of rumen acidosis in production herd.
This thesis was made on the farm AGROBOS Ltd. in Slatina where 165 cows are raised. 25 cows and 10 heifers were assessed in dry period and whole herd of dairy cows in the production hall was monitored for performance (PM).
Body condition score of cows and heifers was assessed in the period before calving on a five point scale with resolution of 0.25 points. Blood samples were taken from them from the base of the tail after calving. The concentration of betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) was monitored in blood at first to fourth days after calving using FreeStyle Optimum NEO. The structure of mixed ration in the production hall was evaluated using Penn State separator. The fat protein ratio from the PM system MOOML was observed and evaluated for incidence of chronic rumen acidosis.
The measured values of BHB, the structure of the diet and the fat - protein ratio values were compared with the recommended values. As a criterium for a healthy state, the BHB concentration of 1.4 mmol / l was selected. The rumen acidosis limit for the fat protein ratio was set at 1.1. A lower fat protein ration was designated as ruminal acidosis. The suggested ration amounts for cows have been adjusted based on a grain mixture which was separately administered to dairy farms by the milking robot.
Ketosis was detected in 83 % of cows on the second or higher lactation of which 9.5 % had higher condition before calving, so 3.75 point or higher. All evaluated heifers suffered ketosis after calving and 70 % had elevated condition before calving.
The structure of the mixed ration had the highest deviations in proportions of large particles on upper sieve of separator. Up to 50 % of the particles for a mesh size of 19 mm were found.
The average fat protein ratio was 1.12 in the whole herd. Cows, which was measured for BHB and subsequently monitored in performance during first lactation, had in the first period the average proportion of fat - protein ratio of 1.09, suggesting that the heifers on average suffered from ruminal acidosis in early lactation. Cows at second and higher lactation had in the first month of performance the average ratio of fat and protein of 1.17.
Measured values: BCS and BHB; F/P and structure of mixed ration were statistically evaluated using correlation. But we have not confirmed of dependence on one production illness.
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Effect of body condition on reproductive capabilities of Blonde d´Aquitaine cows
Kopečková, Tereza ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; František, František (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to determine the influence and mutual relation between the body condition of cow and the weight of calfs at birth, at 120 and 210 days of age. Next, the influence of the breeding cows body condition on the conception rate was examined. As hypothesis served the assumption that cows with optimal body condition (assesed via the BCS systém, levels 5 and 6) would have the highest conception rate and that their calfs would achieve the expected level of results at the inspection weighting. By contrast, at cows classified by the BCS system as a lower levels e.g. 4 or higher levels e.g. 7 and higher, the conception rate would decrease and the calfs would achieve worse levels at the inspection weighting.
For the evaluation, 81 cows with their calves were observed. The beginning of evaluation of the mothers condition began always approximately a week after the calving and further evaluations continued in monthly intervals. In total, six body condition assessments were made with every specimen. For the processing of data, the SAS 9.3 programme was used, namely MEANS, UNIVARIATE, CORR, REG and MIXED procedures.
The influence of BCS levels on the weight of calves at birth, at 120 and 210 days of age was not statistically significant (P > 0,05). But if we compare the occuring BCS levels in this work with the stated required range (BCS 5 to 7), the conclusion can be made that the results confirm the hypothesis. Also, a positive correlation occured between the occuring BCS level in the second assesment (P < 0,05) and the weight of calves at 120 days of age, as well as in levels of BCS in first (P < 0,01), second (P < 0,001), third (P < 0,05) assesment and the weight of the calves at 210 days of age.
The influence of individual BCS levels on the conception rate was also studied. Here, the influence was also not statistically confirmed (P > 0,05), but the comparison between the occurring BCS levels and the stated optimal range (BCS 5 to 7), the conclusion that the results confirm the hypothesis can be stated.
The order of cows calving has statistically important influence on the weight of the calves at birth, at 120 and 210 days of age. The best results were achieved by dams on the 6th and subsequent calving (P < 0,01 and P < 0,05). A positive correlation on the level of importance P = 0,05 was detected, between the order of the calving and pregnancy, but the statistically important influence was not confirmed (P > 0,05).
The influence of the calving month on the weight of the calves was confirmed only at weights at 210 days of age. The highest values were achieved by calves born in April (P < 0,01).
The influence of sex on the weight of the calves at birth, at 120 and 210 days of age was also studied. Higher values were achieved by bulls (P < 0,05).
The weight of the calves at birth affects the calving difficulty. Mothers with calves of lesser weight had demonstrably easier calving (P < 0,01). In the case of difficult calvings, the influence of calves weight on calving was not proven (P > 0,05).
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