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Prevention of complications endoscopis surgery
Müller, Radek ; Kučera, Eduard (advisor)
This theme is dealing with historical development of the endoscopic methods in his opening part. Then this theme focuses on the identification of occurrence of complications in the endoscopic gynecology. First of all it focuses on laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). This theme speculates about the possibilities of prevention except of the complications. This theme was created by using the file of 487 patients who were operated by the LAVH method in the Institution for care about mother and child in Prague - Podolí in the interval of 2005 - 2008. The results of analysis are: 396 (81,3 %) patients were cured without any complication. Peroperational or postoperational complications were occured in 91 (18,7 %) cases. The patients with complications (91 cases) had in 58 (11,9 %) cases the less severe complications (fever or subfever at least 3 postoperation days, vaginal infiltration or the combination both of this complications. The group of 33 patients was affected by one or more severe complications. The theme compares getting results with National register of complications in gynecology laparoscopy. The summary says us that LAVH method belongs to the modern procedure in therapy of great group of gynecological pathology. There is very low occurrence of complications by using necessary...
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Stressogenic Factors in a Health-Care Facility
Fridrichovská, Iveta ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kandilaki, Daniela (referee)
This thesis deals with work-related stress and stressors of medical staff, doctors and nurses. The aim is to expound this issue and to determine the level of stressors influencing the medical staff in given hospitals. As first in the theoretical section, the characteristics and specifics of medical profession are described, thereafter personality traits supposed for this profession. The second chapter describes stress, which medical staff is burdened with, and concrete typical stressors as well. The third chapter concerns burnout syndrome, which is a possible consequence of long-acting stress. The fourth and last chapter is devoted to the prevention and coping of stress and burnout. The practical section presents the evaluation of the survey concerning effect of stressors on the medical staff of four selected hospitals. According to the ascertained results are outlined measures for improving the situation and preventing acting stressors.
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Problematic of fluctuation of nurses
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Lenka
Abstract High turnover of nurses is a hot topic in the Czech Republic. There is a shortage of general nurses in health care facilities. This research is engaged on the reason why nurses are discontented and give up their jobs in health care services. The aim of this paper is to find out the reason for the high turnover of nurses. I used a quantitative research by means of a questionnaire survey to fulfil this aim. The questionnaire contained 35 questions, 26 of which were closed and 9 of which were semi-open. 134 respondents participated in this questionnaire survey. The data were processed by descriptive statistics by means of charts. It follows from the data analysis that nurses turnover is influenced by continuous operation. Wide offer of jobs on the job market, too, affects the high turnover of nurses. Moreover, managers of health care facilities do not take appropriate measures to prevent the staff fluctuation. It results from the research that it is necessary to keep paying attention to this matter. We have mapped out several spheres in our research which are, according to our opinions, narrowly associated with this theme. Our research is based on the theoretic part of this paper. The present paper contributes to mapping out the situation in health care facilities from the point of view of general nurses, leading to increased turnover and lack of staff. The research also shows that there will be sufficient number of nurses if hospital managements are more interested in what their nurses are concerned about and why they cannot exercise their profession and help them out to the highest possible extent. This paper can serve as a matter of consideration for nurses themselves, ward sisters, staff nurses, managements of health care facilities, as well as students of nursing.
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Medical Specialist Awareness and Attitude about Organ Donation
Hajšlová, Petra ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Vaňková, Milena (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on finding the awareness and attitudes of nurses towards organ donation. The work is divided into two parts ̶ theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part summarizes available data on the history and development in this field, applicable legislation is mentioned, care for organ donors and overview of the current situation of organ donation, along with current trends. Empirical part took the form of quantitative research, which was conducted by anonymous questionnaires. The aim was to determine nurses' awareness about organ donation organization, determine their orientation in the field of diagnosis of brain death, to map the contemporary practice in the care of a dead donor organs and detect personal attitude on the issue of donation. Respondents were nurses that during their practice on the wards encounter this issue. Questionnaires were distributed on anesthesiology and resuscitation department of Central Military Hospital ̶ Military University Hospital in Prague, then to the operating room and intensive inpatient department of intensive and resuscitation care at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Investigation was attended by 96 nurses. In results, we found that the principle of presumed consent to organ donation in the Czech Republic is...
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The Needs of Birthing Women
KUBAŇOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis deals with mothers-to-be needs. The aim of the research was to identify needs of the giving birth mothers, how midwifes perceive them and how the mothers perceive them themselves and then to compare those needs. A qualitative method of a non?directive interview was chosen for the research. The interviews were conducted with 15 midwives and with 31 mothers in four maternity hospitals, one of them in Austria and then they were subsequently processed by a method of a content analysis. Results show that for the mothers themselves a decision what people will be at the birth, a desirable approach of the staff, an actual care of the staff and their physical needs belong among the most important needs. The midwives consider the most important needs the atmosphere around the giving birth mother, further just as the mothers, the desirable approach of the staff, the actual care of the staff and the physical mothers´ needs and besides it their maternal competence, awareness and perception of the birth primarily as a result. When comparing individual hospitals there was found a fact that the Austrian mothers have least needs and Czech mothers giving birth in the smallest researched hospital have most of them. Midwives in individual maternity hospitals do not differ very much among one another in a perception of the needs, however mothers´ needs were least perceived by midwives in the largest hospital. The thesis showed that even the midwives themselves have their actual needs at their work performance and these needs were identified. The author points out that midwives should be aware of not only the mothers´ needs in general, but they should know the specific needs of the woman they care of. Therefore she proposes an introduction of a birth plan, which would be drawn up by the midwife together with the mother and which would become a part of the nursing documentation.
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Education of patients before an elective cholecystectomy
Žampachová, Milada ; Schneiderová, Michaela (advisor) ; Vachková, Eva (referee) ; Horáčková, Alexandra (referee)
Author: Žampachová Milada Institution: Institute of Social Medicine LF UK in Hradec Králové, Departement of Nursing Title of the work: Education of patients before an elective cholecystectomy Supervisor: Mgr. Schneiderová Michaela Prim. MUDr. Svoboda Jiří Number of pages: 105 Number of attachments: 13 Year of the defence: 2010 Keywords: Education, Cholecystectomy, SILS, Preoperative and postoperative care, Dietotherapy The Bachelor Thesis is focused on the education of patients before an elective cholecystectomy. The theoretical part is divided into two chapters. The first one concentrates on the education of patients, defines it and describes communication principles of the educational process, documentation and the competence of paramedical sanitarian staff to educate. The second chapter is dedicated to the cholecystectomy itself, where the anatomy and physiology of the gallbladder, diagnosis of the pathologies, surgical treatment, preoperative and postoperative care and principles of the diets following are described. The main objective of the empirical part is a quantitative research survey obtained by questionnaires aimed at discovering whether the education of patients undergoing an elective surgery is of adequate quality and uncovering areas needing improvement. This work is based on a...
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Migration of doctors and health workers in selected countries of Europe since 1990
Panczaková, Kateřina ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is the comparison of the position of the healthcare personnel on the labor market and migration in selected countries - Czech Republic, Germany, France and the United Kingdom. In the theoretical introduction it describes concepts such as brain drain, remittances, emigration and others subjects associated with the migration of the workforce. It analyzes the differences in labor market of healthcare personnel in selected countries and the activities of doctors for change of working conditions. The practical part presents and analyzes data from publicly available statistical sources (OECD, Eurostat, IHIS CR etc.) regarding the number of healthcare personnel, the number of migrating doctors and nurses and their destination countries, salary and wage conditions of health professionals. Expenses on health and quality of the health care are compared between selected countries. Finally, recommendations for Czech Republic, that could help prevent excessive drain of medical personnel abroad, are given - an increase in wages and health expenditures, increasing the number of medical personnel and reduction of administrative burdens.
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Optimalization of development process in connection with a change of a supplier of material
VORÁČ, Michal
The development process, and in fact the entire question of processing X-ray images is still, despite all of the simplifications and standardizations, a relatively complex series of interesting processes. Even though it no longer enjoys the attention it once did, its position within the diagnostic algorithm is nonetheless permanent, and until digitalization becomes practical, irreplaceable. It will continue to fall within the competence of the radiological assistant, and hence the radiological assistant will continue to hold responsibility for its optimal course. Today, of course, it is no longer to have specific chemical training, but on the other hand it is more necessary than before to ensure a responsible approach, careful work, and to a great extent a degree of enthusiasm for the entire procedure. The present work is not intended in any way to influence the choice of a new subcontract for our section, but merely to draw attention to the positive and negative aspects of this change. A series of densitometric measurements were performed under various conditions of the development process, for the purpose of investigating the advantages and disadvantages of the new film material and its results were then compared with the similarly processed values acquired under the present state of the processing procedure. The development process may be influenced by many factors; hence the complex reaction must be carefully followed and maintained within precisely delineated standards. Only as such it is possible to achieve a quality image. Even the very best photographic operation can come to naught if the final processing of the image is not correct. In this instance, the patient is quite unnecessarily subjected to a higher dose of radiation than should be, and the image does not contain all of the possible details and the diagnostic potential is lowered. Only a correctly performed development process can make the maximum use of the X-ray image and thus provide the doctor with better conditions for his or her responsible work.
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Anesthesiological diffíeulties arising in the surgical treatment of chronic pulmonary hypertension
Kunstýř, Jan ; Lindner, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vaněk, Tomáš (referee) ; Černá, Alena (referee)
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with very unfavorable prognosis. It encompasses numerous diseases and the only one which is surgical ly treatable is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a curative method for select patients with surgically accessible thrombotic obstruction. It involves not only the operation itself, but also complicated diagnostics, preoperative preparation, and sophisticated postoperative intensive care. According to contemporary world reviews of professional literatuře, mortality rates following PEA, range from 5 to 24 percent. Better results with lower levels of mortality as well as morbidity are unambiguously proven in the centers with more experience where the highest numbers of such surgeries are undertaken. Good team work is an essential condition for a successíul PEA program and the anaesthetist is its indispensable member. Anaesthesia of patients with chronic right ventricle dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery using extracorporeal circulation brings about several diffíeulties and we tried to deal with them in our work. This kind of operation was not available in the Czech Republic and the íirst goal of our work was to implement this surgical program in its complexity - including anaesthesia and intensive postoperative...
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