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Application of Polymeric Hollow-Fiber Membranes in Air Filtration
Bulejko, Pavel ; Dohnal, Mirko (referee) ; Friess, Karel (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
Membrány z dutých vláken jsou široce využívány v aplikacích týkajících se úpravy kapalin jako např. při čištění odpadních vod, v membránových kontaktorech a bioreaktorech, membránové destilaci apod. I když jsou často využívány při separacích směsí plynů, je jejich použití pro mechanickou filtraci aerosolů velmi vzácné. Tato práce se zabývá filtrací vzduchu pomocí polypropylenových membrán z dutých vláken včetně jejich filtrační účinnosti, tlakových ztrát a také zanášením při dlouhodobé filtraci. Filtrační účinnost byla proměřena za použití různých aerosolů jako TiO2 a síran amonný. Tlakové ztráty byly měřeny při různých konfiguracích, tj. různé filtrační ploše a průměru vlákna membrány. Zanášení membrán bylo testováno použitím normovaného prachu definovaného normou ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2. Predikční modely pro filtrační účinnost a permeabilitu/tlakovou ztrátu membrány byly aplikovány na parametry membrán z dutých vláken a porovnány. Tyto membrány mají velikost pórů kolem 90 nm a poměrně nízkou porositu a tím vysoký potenciál pro separaci nanočástic ze vzduchu. Dále byla provedena analýza filtračního koláče a vyhodnocení energetických nároků a porovnány s teoretickými modely. V závěru práce je nastíněn odhad ceny životního cyklu při filtraci pomocí těchto membrán.
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Smoothing device for FDM 3D prints
Dubský, Jan ; Čudek, Pavel (referee) ; Bayer, Robert (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with a design of a device that would smooth out 3D prints, made of various materials, using FDM 3D printers. It explains the principle of 3D printing and describes technologies used in 3D printing. In this work is an overview of materials used for 3D printing and of some selected organic solvents. It describes methods of vapour smoothing and aerosol smoothing that can be used for smoothing out of 3D prints surface. The vapour smoothing method was experimentally tested using these solvents: acetone, dichloromethane, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran. The aerosol smoothing method used a solution of acetone and dichloromethane in the ratio of 1:1. Both methods were tested on samples made of PLA, ABS, PETG and SBS. This paper describes the design of a device for smoothing of 3D prints with regard to the chemical compatibility of used construction materials and ease of use of the device.
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Low-cost sensors for measurement of particulate matter
Dvořáková, Michaela ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This work focuses on the research and comparison of several types of low-cost sensors for measurement of particulate matter. It clarifies the principles of aerosol particles measurement and focuses on the reasons of using low-cost sensors. It provides basic information about the impact of aerosols on human health. The experimental part of this work compares quality of the obtained results considering the price of the respective devices.
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A new generation of electronic cigarettes
Kodad, Daniel ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
The subject of the bachelor thesis Electronic cigarettes of the new generation is the research and comparison of two electronic cigarettes which use heated tobacco systems with regards to emitted particles. The subject of the experiments was the electronic cigarette I quit ordinary smoking (IQOS) and electronic cigarette GLO. For the purposes of this work an experimental track was designed in the Aerosol Research Laboratory at BUT FME where the emitted particles from electronic cigarettes mentioned above were measured using instruments Aerosol Particle Sizer 3321 and TSI SMPS 3936.
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Inhalers and nebulizers for medical use: their principles, reliability, and operating parameters
Mišík, Ondrej ; Tuhovčák, Ján (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
An issue of inhalation therapy is a complex topic, actively discussed in last decades, and its progress in various scientific fields is more than required. First part of this thesis brings a theoretical introduction into principles of aerosol therapy and into the requirements resulting from them. Commonly available technologies of inhalers and nebulisers for medical usage, parameters that determinate their effectivity are briefly described. Usage mistakes influencing the effectivity of inhalation are discussed, as well. Second part deals with experimental measurements of aerosol that selected inhalers generate. It also describes difficulties connected with the methods of these measurements, with sampling and following analyses. Gained results are compared with an available literature.
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The filtration in air conditioning systems
Viktorin, Michal ; Andrys, Petr (referee) ; Rubina, Aleš (advisor)
The diploma thesis is divided into three parts, analysis of the topic and the chosen method of solutions, application to specified building and experimental solutions and data processing The first part is theoretical. It is about air filtration in terms of normative and legal requirements and variants of technical solutions for air filtration. In the second part there are two technical solutions for HVAC systems for plastic surgery. The third part is experimental. It is the measurement of the number of particles in the air in the operating room and the evaluation of the measurement.
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Aerosol and microbial microclimate of clean rooms
Stojanová, Barbora ; Andrys, Petr (referee) ; Rubina, Aleš (advisor)
Master´s thesis deals with the issue of internal microclimate of clean rooms. The experimental part focuses on aerosol and microbial microclimate. Different operating and intervention rooms were measured and then evaluated whether the cleanroom would comply with the standard cleanliness class even in normal operation after previous validations. The microbial examination of different clean spaces investigated the extent to which the exact passive fall method and its evaluation were time-dependent. From the data the correct desing of the air-conditioning system and its subsequent realization and regultion were verified. The theoretical part describes requirements for clean rooms according to SÚKL-LEK 17 and ČSN EN ISO 14644-1. In addition, a detailed methodology of the procedure of air-conditioning implementation is elaborated to the final validation and testing of clean rooms.
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Dynamics of vertical and horizontal profiles of atmospheric aerosol in planetary boundary layer
Esterlová, Jana ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Jančík, Petr (referee)
The boundary layer of the atmosphere is a layer of air with thickness about 1 km above the ground. Open-cast mining is one of activities that polutes the air in this layer. It generates particulate matter (PM) mostly in size of aerodynamic diameter 1 - 10 µm - coarse patricles. The companies that does the mining pays for their emissions due to the law. However, these emissions are not experimentraly measured, they are calculated from given equation consisting of factors like the size of mining area, etc. Some papers have shown significantly higher concentrations of Coarse particles (or PM10) in surroundings of the mine. Other papers have found out that the origin of these high concentrations didn't come from the mining activities but is caused due to the activities at the place of measuring or nearby. There aren't many papers that measure the PM concentrations in the air in the mining area. This thesis shows the results of airship measurements in the air layers of the open-cast mine and above them. The experimentral site was brown coal mine Bílina in the North of The Czech Republic in important mining area. The measurements took place in December 2017. For measuring the number and mass concentrations was used APS - Aerodynamic Particle Sizes Spektrometr by TSI which sorts out the data into...
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