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Dose-response curves
Hezoučký, Martin ; Hlávka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Maciak, Matúš (referee)
Title: Dose-response curves Author: Martin Hezoučký Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Hlávka, Ph.D., Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Abstract: In this thesis, we deal with the process of research and development of new medical substances with a focus on statistical methods used to determine appropriate doses. For this purpose, we examine the dose-response relationship. First, we describe a typical procedure for the development of a new drug. Second, we focus in detail on the MCP-Mod method. Third, we propose a new method based on the theory of gradual change models. This approach tests whether the administration of the drug has a significant effect. If so, the dose with desired effect is estimated using an appropriate model. Specifically, we provide an esti- mate using linear, quadratic and Emax gradual change models. We also describe a construction of a confidence interval for the point of change and also for the dose with the desired effect. The advantage of the proposed method over the MCP-Mod is the determination of the confidence intervals. Finally, we apply the above mentioned methods to data from the U.S. Tox21 research program and compare the results based on several tested substances and clearly demonstrate the...
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Identification of tire model parameters
Olišar, Petr ; Zháňal, Lubor (referee) ; Porteš, Petr (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to obtain lateral parameters of the Magic Formula tire model of a tire commonly used in Formula Student competition. Both the author and the supervisor of the thesis know the tire name and its specification, but the research company that did the tire testing and provided me with the date prohibits sharing this of data publicly, so the tire designation is not mentioned in this thesis. The first chapter covers main theoretical facts related to a tire, briefly describes some of the tire models and shows possibilities how to determine tire characteristics that are used in a tire model. The thesis describes how to process raw tire data measured during a laboratory experiment using scripts created in Matlab software. The inputs variables are slip angle, lateral force, normal force and inclination angle. Raw data are splitted into parts, main coefficients of the Magic formula model (B, C, D, E, Sh, Sv) are calculated and subsequently the lateral parameters are obtained using least square method to fit parameters into the measured data. The works gives two main outcomes. The first output is a set of Matlab scripts that can be used to determine lateral parameters of any tire that has the same input data format as presented. A TIR file of the Formula Student tire in case of lateral slip is the second result of the work. This can be used for vehicle dynamics simulation of Formula Student racing car. The thesis also offers a comparison between parameters, which I calculated, and those gained thanks to Optimum Tire software by Calspan research company. Additionally the work shows the effect of load and inclination angle on lateral force.
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Exchange Traded Funds a likvidita indexových portfolií
Bodeček, Ondřej
The thesis investigates if introduction of Exchange Traded Fund, which replicates given index, has impact on liquidity and risk of underlying component securities. This thesis specifically examines impact of introduction ETF called Lyxor ETF WIG20, which was introduced at Warsaw Stock Exchange. ETF holds stock of WIG 20 Index. The impact on liquidity is investigated by using univariate analysis and by using multivariate panel regression, where dummy variable is used. The impact on risk of component stock is analyzed by beta coefficient.
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Determinants of foreign direct investment in Ghana
Owusu, Maxwell Nuamah
The flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) is seen as an important source for achieving greater and faster economic growth, particularly in the emerging market economies and other developing countries. This study will examine the factors that induce foreign investors to operate in Ghana. This will take into consideration the significant influence between the dependent variable (FDI) and the observed explanatory variables ((GDPgrowth, inflation, exchange rate, trade openness and natural resources from 1975 – 2016) and (government stability and corruption from 1984 – 2016)). The study uses ordinary least square (OLS) and ARDL regression model to examine the influence between FDI and the proposed explanatory variables that are anticipated to determine FDI inflows into Ghana. The unit root test shows that only GDP and inflation were stationary at the ordinary level while other variables were stationary when we combined the variables as one. In order to solve the problem of spuriousness and the consequent of the determinant of FDI, FDI was used as a dependent variable over other variables considered. The result of the OLS regression model show that GDP growth, exchange rate, natural resources and government stability have positive influence on FDI while inflation, trade openness and corruption have negative influence on FDI but only exchange rate and natural resources said to be statistically significant. Result of ARDL was divided into two part. Variables that ranges from 1975 – 2016 were used as an explanatory variable for the first part while all the variables including government stability and corruption were used as second part. The result for ARDL regression model shows that all the variables from 1975 – 2016 are statistically significant while the second part shows that only inflation, exchange rate, trade openness and government stability are statistically significant. The uniqueness of this research after using ARDL regression model and OLS regression model is that the two models show that there is statistical significant influence between FDI and the independent variables (GDP, natural resources, trade openness, inflation, exchange rate, government stability and corruption).
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Vlivy působící na vývoj akciového indexu S&P500
Svoboda, Petr
This thesis aims to identify the links between economic developments and move-ments in US stock markets. The period from Q1 2001 to Q3 2016 inclusive was chosen for an analysis of the relationship between trends in GDP time series and the S&P 500 index. A correlation analysis was carried out on the time series ex-amined, while the Granger causality test was used to determine the causal rela-tionship between them.
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Genetic Programming in Prediction Tasks
Machač, Michal ; Mrázek, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
This thesis introduces various machine learning algorithms which can be used in prediction tasks based on regression. Tree genetic programming and linear genetic programming are explained more thoroughly. Selected machine learning algorithms (linear regression, random forest, multilayer perceptron and tree genetic programming) are compared on publicly available datasets with the use of scikit-learn and gplearn libraries. A core part of this project is a new implementation of linear genetic programming which was developed in C++, tested on common symbolic regression problems and then evaluated on real datasets. Results obtained with the proposed system are compared with the results obtained with gplearn.
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Cytokine expression in regressive melanoma on porcine MeLiM model
Miltrová, Veronika ; Skalníková, Helena (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
Cutaneous melanoma is a very aggressive cancer with increasing incidence. It originates from transformed pigmented skin cells (melanocytes). The main risk factor for melanoma development is exposure to UV light and repeated sunburns. In approximately 10 % of cases, melanoma occurs on hereditary basis. Patients with cutaneous melanoma diagnosed in early stages have very good prognosis, with surgical resection of the primary tumour being mostly sufficient for treatment. In contrast, the advanced melanoma stages with metastases are often progressive and refractory to conventional therapies. Cutaneous melanoma is referred to as an immunogenic tumour that is frequently infiltrated by cells of the immune system. Tumours with immune cell infiltration show better prognosis. Spontaneous regression may occur. Over the last few years, progress has been made in the treatment of melanoma using checkpoints molecules (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1) to activate patients own immune system to recognize tumour lesions. In the tumour microenvironment, cytokines play an important role, enabling communication between cells and regulation of cell proliferation and migration and thus the tumour development. Cytokines (IL-2, IFNα) can be used in adjuvant therapy of melanoma. This work analysed levels of expressed cytokines in...
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University education of foreigners in the Czech Republic
Panfilova, Kaselina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
1 University education of foreigners in the Czech Republic Abstract The thesis examines evolution, trends and structures of foreigners in tertiary education sector in the Czech Republic and at the same time aims at finding common aspects or differences between students with Czech citizenship and without it. In the theoretical part of examining university education for foreigners the concept of third demographic transition has been applied. The Associated Student Register Information (SIMS) has been used as the main data source. In this thesis, the analysis is based on individual anonymized data of graduates in the period between 2001 and 2017. The analysis focuses on net duration of study with such independent variables as gender, age, study field, form of study, type of university and citizenship. The analytical part also examines the relationship between gender and its possible dependence on citizenship, study field and on the net duration of study. One of the conclusions of this work is that the number of Czech students has been progressively decreasing in the last few years, while the number of foreign students in the Czech Republic is growing. Still, the net duration of study is shorter for Czech graduates than for foreigners, with an exception of Slovak students with a shorter net duration of study...
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Determination of the formwork strength of concrete using a Silver Schmidt hardness tester
Janka, Marek ; Kocáb, Dalibor (referee) ; Cikrle, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deal with the issues of nondestructive testing of the formwork removal strength of concrete. It works with two different compositions of concrete and for both of them, it determines the relation between compressive strength and surface hardness obtained by the SilverSchimdt hammer with mushroom plunger. It shows inappropriateness of ultrasonic impulse method to determine formwork removal strength. It compares obtained relations with each other and with the literature. The goal of this thesis is to utilize determined relations for verification of minimal requested formwork removal strength during construction.
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Estimation of accuracy of speech technologies based on signal quality and audio content richness
Nezval, Jiří ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Schwarz, Petr (advisor)
This thesis discusses theoretical analysis of the origin of speech, introduces applications of speech technologies and explains the contemporary approach to phonetical transcription of speech recordings. Furthermore, it describes the metrics of audio recordings quality assessment, which is split into two discrete classes. The first one groups signal quality metrics, while the other one groups content richness metrics. The first goal of the practical section is to create a statistical model for accuracy prediction of machine transcription of speech recordings based on a measurement of their quality. The second goal is to evaluate which partial metrics are the most essential for accuracy prediction of machine transcription.
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