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Inequality in Foreign Language Learning
Suchardová Nováková, Jitka ; Rýdl, Karel (advisor) ; Lenochová, Alena (referee) ; Betáková, Lucie (referee)
Title: Inequality in Foreign Language Learning Author: Jitka Suchardová Nováková Department: Deparment of Education Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Karel Rýdl, CSc. Abstract: This dissertation draws on sociological assumptions that learning success is significantly influenced by social environment. In this respect the questions of inequality in foreign language education are raised. The external factors such as social class, and motivation and attitudes, as two major social psychology phenomena related to success at foreign language learning, are researched. Based on these concepts the process of foreign language learning is considered as strongly influenced by opportunities for learning and by the process of constructing foreign language learner's identity. The research follows the qualitative paradigm using the narrative approach, and an in-depth interview as the main research method. The research design of biography and case study is used and two individual case studies are presented, with the impact of showing diversity and complexity of foreign language learning. The research takes place in the university environment - the students of technical faculties were the object of the research. Keywords: inequality, motivation, attitudes, habitus, identity
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Measuring living standards with income and expenditures in the Czech Republic: how much does treatment of housing costs matter?
Vach, Daniel ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Jašová, Martina (referee)
The topic of this thesis is income and expenditures inequality and poverty in the Czech Republic between 2006 and 2011. For this purpose, I used three concepts of income and expenditures. They vary in accounting for housing costs. The inequality and the poor household's group composition differs based on the chosen concept. The first concept accounts for consumption flow from housing derived from market rents paid in similar dwellings. This thesis examines this concept closely because it has been used on the Czech dataset for the first time. Next concept includes the real housing costs and the last concept deducts housing costs completely to compare living standards of households without distorting housing costs. Income and expenditures inequality and poverty are examined based on these concepts. The results show that the share of the poor in the population slightly increased in the monitored period and especially between 2010 and 2011. Inequality remained approximately the same for all income concepts but slightly rose for all concepts of expenditures. This fact proves the necessity of additional measure to income. As regards poverty, the most endangered is a household of lone parent with children, and children generally. Attention is paid to regulated rent tenure type and the deregulation process. I study...
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The economic role of the state in globalized economy
Juřík, Richard ; Bažantová, Ilona (advisor) ; Seknička, Pavel (referee)
in English This diploma thesis encompasses the idea of the economic role of a state in relation to trends of globalization applying political science, political economy and economic geography. The idea goes on by progressively defined conceptions of societal institutions - the concept of a state and political nation on basis of the social contract, the conception of the fair society on basis of the work called Justice as Fairness by John Rawls, conception of globalization in terms of its trends in the area of changing division of work and rising income inequality, and conception of the character of changing roles of a state in relation to globalization and economy. Reference state is a small, internationaly opened, democratic and developed society, which holds western values and norms. It is assumed that in such society individuals pursue their own happiness as a notion of good life. In this aspect Justice as Fairness theory was chosen as a framework for society of equal citizens where economic transactions are considered fair and everybody is given the chance to pursue their own vision of their lives and such state of society shall remain preserved in time. Two main economic roles of a state are concluded by the analysis of consequences of chosen trends of globalization in relation to the...
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Nerovnosti a jejich aplikace
TESAŘOVÁ, Jaroslava
This Thesis deals with mathematical inequalities, their use in mathematics and applications to thermodynamics. The main emphasis is placed on proofs of inequalities and solving examples. The following thing explains the mathematical concept such as norm or metric, needed to understand these procedures, and also some of basic concepts of thermodynamics. To understand this Thesis the knowledge of analysis and thermodynamics is required.
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Quotas in politics as a way to obtain equality between the sexes?
Mottlová, Markéta ; Bíba, Jan (advisor) ; Vargovčíková, Jana (referee)
The main purpose of this text is to answer a question whether quotas in politics create conditions for obtaining equality between the sexes. Women's consistent underrepresentation in legislatures constitutes a democratic deficit and quotas are suggested as a possible means of attaining women's equal participation in political decision-making. Arguments for and against quotas will be showed. Quotas are aligned with several concepts - a politics of presence, descriptive representation and differentiated citizenship. It will be also explained why the unequal distribution of the unpaid labor of the family is a major obstacle for women to gain equality in politics. It will be described what types of quotas are actually applied, what are the effects of gender quotas in terms of numbers as well as the empowerment of women and under what conditions are women politicians able to make use of their positions as elected politicians. Attention will be paid to some years of experience with the implementation of quotas in Africa, whether the inclusion of women in politics furthers democratization and interests of women. South Africa will be showed as a country in which gender quotas are applied with success. In contrast negative effects of quotas in certain political system and context will be pointed out.
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The Czech digital divide as a form of Inequality: the non-users problem
Macek, Oskar ; Lupač, Petr (advisor) ; Sládek, Jan (referee)
This paper deals theoretically and empirically with the problem of inequality in the information society, known as the theory of digital divide. In its first section, the paper outlines the theoretical concept of the information society, followed by a presentation of the digital divide issue. This theory is then confronted with the idea of certain strategies of the Internet usage substitution, which would help eliminate the non-users' natural disadvantage. A qualitative research among Czech seniors, based on this idea, follows. It is trying to analyse this issue, its final product being a typology of the Internet non-users in relation to substitution strategies.
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Comparation of the degree of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Hungary between years 2009 and 2013
Slámová, Adéla ; Barák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The thesis compares the degree of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Hungary. It focuses on the historical development of both countries especially during transition, the degree of their European integration and provides some economic theories, which deals with the distribution of income in society. Part of this thesis is the analysis of the factors that contribute to the final size of the extent of income inequality and a comparasion of the size of the Gini coefficient for each year in the period 2009 and 2013. The main contribution of this analysis is that in the Czech Republic, the biggest problem is the lack of university students with the main filed in technology and expectable crisis of the pension systém, while in Hungary, the main reason for the ever growing income inequality is mainly low-educated population and high social benefits for parents, which discourages them from re-entering the labor market.
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Nerovnost v Chile: ekonomické, politické a sociální dopady
Seifertová, Zuzana ; Gutiérrez Chvalkovská, Jana (advisor) ; Hidalgo Redondo, Oscar (referee)
Chile is one the most developed countries in Latin America with stable market-oriented economy and sustainable economic growth, becoming the first South American country to join the OECD. Nevertheless, it is also the country with the highest inequality of income in the OECD and one of the most unequal countries in the world. The biggest challenge for the next decade seems to be the reduction of inequalities and poverty. To achieve these goals, Chile needs to implement better policy in the area of production, innovations, finances, but also health and education. The thesis examines the development of inequality in Chile, its current situation and the impacts of inequality on the society, focusing on the problematic areas such as education and health. Additionally, it presents possible solutions and recommendations for Chile to reduce the high level of inequalities, including the external help. The main resources used for the analysis are the information published by the World Bank, OECD or European Commission and complemented with statistics and reports of Chilean government.
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Do EU Countries Benefit from a Greater Ratio of Women in Politics?
Jumrová, Barbora ; Doležal, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis addresses the problem of gender inequality through the analysis of the relationship between the participation of women in politics of European Union countries and the economic and social welfare of the selected countries. The theoretical part introduces and explains the broad issue of gender and discusses the question of implementation of compulsory gender quotas. The practical part presents the selected countries and analyzes given economic and social indicators from the year 2012. The aim of this thesis is to obtain necessary data in order to assess the correlation between the studied quantities. This thesis hasn't discovered a significant positive correlation and evaluates the implementation of compulsory gender quotas as unsubstantiated for EU countries from the economic and social aspect.
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