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UTILIZATION OF BIOGAS IN TRANSPORT
Štylárek, Milan ; Zháňal, Lubor (referee) ; Vopařil, Jan (advisor)
Objective of this bachelor thesis is evaluating the possibility of utilization of biogas as an alternative fuel for combustion engines in traffic. Production and distribution of upgraded biogas is described as well as situation of its utilization in the world. This is followed by a comparison of situation in biomethan utilization in Czech republic and Sweden. There are explained barriers to commercial placing and its possible eliminating. In the end the model study of replacement of farm vehicle fleet for CNG vehicles is described.
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Present state of combustion engine transfer to alternative powertrains
Maršálek, Ondřej ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
The current state of change from conventional combustion engines to its alternatives is mapped in this bachelor’s diploma thesis. The basic principles and configurations of conventional combustion engines and its existing alternatives are mentioned. The thesis is also dealing with various kinds of alternative fuels; their summary and evaluation are mentioned as well. In the conclusion of the thesis it is foreshadowed in what way the car industry could proceed in the subsequent years.
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Fuel for internal combustion engines
Vrbický, Jiří ; Jedelský, Jan (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with basic features of fuels for internal consumption engines, especially their influence on thermal efficiency. It also introduces dividing of fuels and their compare in ecologic, economic and technologic side. It is concerned convectional fuels (gasoline, diesel oil) and alternative fuels (nature gas, bottled gas, hydrogen, biodiesel, biogas, methanol and ethanol).
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Hydrogen Combustion in Reciprocatin Piston Engines
Forbelský, Antonín ; Svída, David (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
In the thesis I focused on the summary of the facts available concerning hydrogen combustion engines. The work gives a brief history of hydrogen engines. The main part consists of a description of the specifics of the conversion of conventional internal combustion engine into hydrogen engine, and a brief overview of vehicles powered by hydrogen internal combustion engine. In conclusion, the work includes consideration of the future of this technology.
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Conditions of Waste-made Fuel Combustion including legislative Requirement
Matoušek, Petr ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis describes possibilities of usage of waste-made fuel from point of view of energetic utilisation in industry and power supply. There is a brief overview of energy resources structure, current situation in energy production and in waste management in Czech Republic. Particular types of waste-made fuels are also specified. One of the main parts of this work is fundamental analysis of legislation which governs waste management and alternative fuel usage. In the last part of the thesis the possibility of usage of mechanical-biological treatment as a waste management system is assessed.
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Legal and economic aspects of use of CNG and biogas in transportation
Yusupova, Regina ; Štěpánek, Petr (advisor) ; Černý, Pavel (referee)
Use of compressed natural gas (CNG) as an alternative transportation fuel is currently being supported in European Union and Czech Republic as well. Upgraded Biogas (or biomethane) with its chemical characteristics is to be considered as a renewable substitute of CNG so it can be used for the same purposes. Biogas is produced in biogas stations. Current legislation terminates the support of producers of electricity and heat from renewable sources, including biogas stations. The absence of governmental support will endanger their existence. Producing of biomethane and using it in transportation is an alternative option for the owners of biogas stations. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to conduct an economic analysis of biomethane producing costs. On the basis of the results obtained, we will be able to say whether producing od biomethane is reasonable in Czech Republic. Then we will try to establish whether the use of biomethane in transportation is possible according to Czech legislative terms or what possible legislative amendments should be implemented.
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Market analysis of vehicles with alternative engines
Čermáková, Renáta ; Koubek, Ivo (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
Alternative fuel are getting more and more important. The aim of this study is to discover the financial benefits of vehicles with alternative engines for different types of consumers. The consumers are separated to the three groups with 15 000, 25 000 and 50 000 kilometers driven per year. For the calculations is used the net present value method using two estimates of energy prices until year 2020. For comparison, in this text are three types of cars with alternative power, hybrid car, car with LPG engine and electric car. The results show that hybrid car is good for consumers, who travels every year more than 25 000 km. Consumers who travel 15 000 km a year, a car with hybrid drive is worthwhile. LPG powered car is advantageous for all groups of consumers. In contrast, electric car is not advantageous for any group of consumers, mainly for too high prices.
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Analysis of the importance of LPG as an alternative fuel for the vehicular transport in the Czech Republic
Klusoňová, Petra ; Dvořák, Antonín (advisor) ; Hadrabová, Alena (referee)
The main goal of this economic paper is to analyse the importance of LPG as an alternative fuel for the vehicular transport in the Czech Republic and to simplify the decision of potential applicants about the conversion of a car engine to run on LPG. At first this text briefly describes the main kinds of alternative fuels. Then the text focuses on LPG itself that is defined and described including its application in the past and at present. The next section of this paper is concentrated on the individual decision about the conversion of his car engine to run on LPG and the main attention will be focused on the environmental, economic, technical and institutional aspects of this conversion. Then the text compares LPG and CNG because CNG could be considered to be the main competitor of LPG in the field of alternative fuels. At the conclusion the paper summarizes the discovered facts and tries to predict future use of LPG as an alternative fuel in the Czech Republic.
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Comparison of electromobility conceptions in the Czech republic, France and USA
Kovalová, Lucie ; Šauer, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořák, Antonín (referee)
A quarter of CO2 emissions in the European Union currently comes from transport, which causes a significant deterioration of air quality. Therefore, it contributes to the deterioration of the health of people living in these areas. The number of cars on the roads continues to increase globally, and with them the increase in CO2 emissions. Alternative fuel in various forms began appearing on the market. Electric cars, with their emission-free operation, are trying to find their place here. Their wider use, especially in densely populated cities, could help people to a cleaner environment. Currently, there are some technical and economic problems with a wider introduction of electric vehicles. Technology and an associated high cost of storage of the necessary power are the main challenges. Nonetheless, experts believe that electric cars have future. Each country approaches the development of electromobility in a different manner.
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Formation and Elimination of Emissions of PCDD/F at Combustion of Waste Plastic Materials
Veselý, Václav ; Hanika, Jiří ; Lederer, J. ; Nečesaný, F. ; Kukačka, J.
The effect of individual components of waste plastic materials (forming the alternative fuel) was studied. The attention was paid to formation of emissions of polychlorinated dioxins and furanes. Process arrangements were proposed that led to their reduction. Combustion tests were executed on a model unit with thermal output of 50 kW. It was proved that the dominant effect on content of PCDD/F in flue gases had the presence of PET and PVC. To reduce emissions of persistent organic compounds it was possible to use the second stage high-temperature combustion in the layer of CaO or dolomite. But by this arrangement the emissions of Cl2 or HCl were not reduced.
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