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Treatment of epilepsy
Chaloupková, Lucie ; Hrdina, Radomír (advisor) ; Tilšer, Ivan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Lucie Chaloupková Supervisor: Prof. MUDr. Radomír Hrdina, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Treatment of epilepsy Epilepsy is a serious chronic disease affecting all ages which can be characterized by recurrent epileptic attacks. It affects about 1,3-4 % of the population and endangers the patient's life at every incoming attack. Long-term treatment must be preceded by thorough diagnosis and classification of the disease, which can be very difficult. The aim of the treatment is to prevent recurrent epileptic attacks, or at least mitigate them while minimizing the side effects of the treatment and reducing the negative impact on the quality of life. When choosing a suitable drug for an adult, the doctor usually decides individually depending on the type of epileptic attack. In children, the choice of the treatment often depends on the diagnosed type of syndrome, which appears more in the lower age category than in adult patients. The doctor should follow expert standards of the treatment of epilepsy, and also their own most recent experience and knowledge gained during the course of lifelong learning. The therapy begins with monotherapy, and only when not successful, it is necessary to...
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Benefits and complications of surgical treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy
Vrzalová, Marie ; Marková, Eva (advisor) ; Želízková, Marta (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the benefits and complications of surgical treatment of refractory epilepsy. The criterion for the selection of patients was undergoing preoperative long-term monitoring. Information were obtained from six patients after 2-3 years r of surgery using the narrative interview and questionnaire QOLIE 89, which evaluates the quality of life. The interview was analyzed using grounded theory while the information obtained from questionnaire were used only as supplement and comparison of the results. Overall evaluation of questionnaire QOLIE 89 was in standard in five of six patients which is against the results obtained in interviews. Comparing risks and complications with benefits of surgical treatment of refractory epilepsy in the observed group was evaluate as problematic. Patients expected more positive benefit of the treatment and improving the quality of life. Keyword: epilepsy, surgical treatment, nursing care, quality of live
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The temporolimbic dysfunction in alcohol dependent persons
Mičulková, Jana ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Jana Mičulková Consultant: Doc. MUDr. Josef Herink, DrSc. Title of Thesis: The temporo-limbic dysfunction in alcohol dependent persons This thesis is concerned on the temporo-limbic dysfunction of persons dependent on alcohol. The theoretical part summarizes the information about the neuroanatomical correlates, alcohol dependence syndrome, epidemiology of alcohol addiction in the Czech republic and the relationship between alcohol and epilepsy. The practical part includes evaluation of questionnaires filled out by alcohol dependent persons. These questionnaires are concerned on recognizing epilepsy spectrum disorder. The results are compared with the results obtained from previous studies in the healthy population and are used to evaluate other aims of this thesis. Keywords: alcohol dependence, epilepsy, epilepsy spectrum disorder, limbic system, questionnaire investigation
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Analysis of serine racemase expression in the CNS of epileptic patients
Vorlová, Barbora ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Maloy Řezáčová, Pavlína (referee)
Serine racemase is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent enzyme that converts L-serine to D-serine. D-serine is a recognized physiological co-agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate type of glutamate receptors - key receptors that participate in the neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. Dysfunction of these receptors has been implicated in several neuropathologies, including schizophrenia, brain ischemia, neurodegenerative disorders and epilepsy. Serine racemase is thus a promising pharmaceutical target in these diseases. In this study, three anti-human serine racemase monoclonal antibodies were characterized and the best one was used for the Western blot detection of the enzyme in resected human epileptic tissues. For better interpretation of the results, accuracy of the tissue processing, the protein concentration determination and the Western blot quantification were verified. Finally, the activity of human serine racemase was determined with the L-serine-O-sulfate, the substrate with the highest-affinity to this enzyme. (Thesis in Czech)
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Examination of the genes DNM2, GARS, MORC2, TRPV4 and SOD1 among Czech patients with hereditary neuropathy axonal type
Neupauerová, Jana ; Laššuthová, Petra (advisor) ; Vlčková, Eva (referee) ; Vasovčák, Peter (referee)
Examination of the genes DNM2, GARS, MORC2, TRPV4 and SOD1 among Czech patients with hereditary neuropathy axonal type For my PhD thesis I chose to work with patients with axonal form of CMT, because at that time axonal forms were less likely to be clarified by classical methods of molecular genetics. For further examination in patients with unclear cause of the axonal CMT, the genes DNM2, GARS and TRPV4 were selected. The aim was to determine the significance of pathogenic mutations in these genes as the cause of CMT2 in Czech patients. In the course, we identified causal variants in the genes MORC2 and SOD1 with WES. Therefore, we have tested additional CMT2 patients for the presence of these variants. Using Sanger sequencing, I examined a representative set of patients for the DNM2 (37), GARS (10) and TRPV4 (24) genes without finding a causal mutation, then we investigated genes SOD1 (43 patients) and MORC2 (161 patients). The cohort (50 patients) was also subjected to MLPA analysis using a P406-A1 CMT2 duplication and deletion detection kit for genes RAB7A, GARS, HSPB1, HSBP8 and SPTLC1 (kit P406-A1 CMT2). At that time, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) was becoming important. We compared the cost of classical sequencing versus MPS, and accordingly, we decided that the genes DNM2, GARS, MORC2, TRPV4...
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Nitric oxide and its role in neurophysiology
Dobrovodská, Gabriela ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Brime, Tufikameni (referee)
Title: Nitric oxide and its neurophysiologic role Objectives: The main aim of my diploma work is to evaluate the role of nitric oxide and its effects during epileptic seizure in rats. I summarize the present knowledge about nitric oxide and its effects on human organism in the theoretical section of this paper and I will suppose the positive effect of nitric oxide inhibitor in epileptic seizures in rats by the realization of my experiment. Methods: The experiment will be performed in the laboratory of Academy of Science of Czech Republic. Implementation will come through examining a set of ten rats. The first six will be given v (L-NPA) in an amount of 0,5mg to one side, which will take place by applying bilaterally to coele. Then after ten minutes 0,5µl of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) will be applied bilaterally to coele. The control group, consisting of four rats will be given saline instead of L-NPA. The experiment will run for two days. Results: The course of epileptic seizure with application of L-NPA to examined group was compared with the control group. The experiment confirmed the positive effect of L-NPA in terms of delay and reduction of seizure. Keywords: nitric oxide, Nω -propyl-l-arginine, neurovascular coupling, 4-anopyridine, epilepsy
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Rehabilitation of Pediatric Patients after Epilepsy Surgery with Postoperative Motor Deficits.
Duchoslav, Anna ; Kudr, Martin (advisor) ; Krivošíková, Mária (referee)
In its general section, the thesis 'Rehabilitation of Pediatric Patients after Epilepsy Surgery with Postoperative Motor Deficits' discusses epilepsy, treatment of intractable epilepsy and epilepsy surgery. Furthermore, a chapter on possible complications of epilepsy surgery in relation to the locomotor apparatus is included in the general section. The special section deals with rehabilitation in neurology, selected physiotherapy concepts and the relationship between epilepsy and movement activity. The aim of this thesis is to assess the effectiveness of the chosen rehabilitation procedure in five pediatric patients with post-operative motor deficiency. The Gross Motor Function Measure - 88, the Barthel Index and the Box and Blocks Test were used for objective motor assessment.
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Possibility of pedagogical support for two pupils of younger school age in physical education at an alternative school.
Vyvialová, Kristýna ; Pavlová, Ilona (advisor) ; Kotlík, Kamil (referee)
Title: Possibility of pedagogical support for two pupils of younger school age in physical education at an alternative school. Objectives: The aim of the work is to explore the possibilities of pedagogical support in the framework of physical education for two pupils with special educational needs at the Waldorfská Jinonice primary school. Methods: The thesis is based on the theoretical-empirical methods. The research consisted of two pupils with SVP. This was a girl and a boy aged 9. The intervention consisted of diagnosis, the creation of an individual training plan and the follow-up of pupils for one month. There were 8 exercise unit in total at the Waldorf Jinonice Primary School. Results: After a month, the creation and fulfilment of IVP proved to have a positive effect on the motor skills of children at the Waldorf School. Using the MABC-2 test battery. I found that both girls and boys had improvements in balance, aiming and catching as well as manual skills. Keywords: IVP - individual training plan, MABC-2 test battery, SVP - special educational needs, epilepsy, ADHD - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, visual impairment, Waldorf School.
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