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Natural Gas Consumption and Economic Growth in European Union
Balitskiy, Sergey ; Strielkowski, Wadim (advisor) ; Mikolášek, Jakub (referee)
"Natural Gas Consumption and Economic Growth in European Union" by Sergey Balitskiy Abstract: The objective of this Master thesis is an evaluation of relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in Europe. The sample includes panel time series data over the period from 1997 to 2011 for 26 EU member states (countries of the Euro zone). Based on neoclassical growth model, a multivariate model including gross fixed capital formation and total labor forces of a country as additional explanatory variables was created. Using recent econometric techniques: panel cointegration tests and error correction modeling, it was found that there existed long-run relationship between economic growth, natural gas consumption, labor and capital. In addition, it was investigated that in the short-run there existed bidirectional causality between natural gas consumption and economic growth. It appears that the causality between economic growth and the natural gas consumption is positive. On the other hand, the reverse causality (a relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth) appears to be negative.
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Convergence or Divergence: The Analysis of Economic Growth in the CIS Countries
Hakimov, Durbek ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Holub, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation examines from a comparative perspective the growth experience for a sample of twelve countries of the former Soviet Union over the period from 1991 to 2008. Two meth- ods of econometric analysis are applied: cross-section regressions and dynamic panel data esti- mation techniques. The main focus of the study has been to empirically establish whether coun- tries in the region are converging or diverging in terms of their income per capita and to find important sources of cross-country differences which determine the shape of this process. I did not find statistically significant support for conditional convergence in any cross-section period. It is partly supported by the increased dispersion of per capita income levels during the sample period. Meanwhile, panel data fixed-effects and GMM methods provide strong support for con- ditional convergence hypothesis. The first-differenced GMM estimator indicates a rate of con- vergence of around 2 per cent a year, which is surprisingly similar to the standard cross-section findings in empirical literature. However, it could be the result of the cyclical behaviour of out- put during transition. In general, results indicate that structural transformation is not yet over in most of the countries. Therefore progress in market-oriented reforms and...
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The Phenomenon of Compressed Modernity and Social Problems in Korea
Vinšová, Katarína ; Vavrincová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Löwensteinová, Miriam (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce the compressed modernity phenomenon in Korea that took place in the second half of the 20th century and in addition to the rapid development brought also a lot of social problems. This thesis explains the process of compressed modernity and describes its progress by decades. The main aim of this thesis is to introduce and analyze the most important problems - defamiliation, insufficient social welfare, problem of the Korean economy, problem of frequent accidents and dualism - that occurred because of the rapid development. Today's policy that is trying to solve these problems and stop their advancement is also described.
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Determinants of Economic Growth: A Bayesian Model Averaging
Kudashvili, Nikoloz ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Havránek, Tomáš (referee)
MASTER THESIS Determinants of Economic Growth: A Bayesian Model Averaging Author: Bc. Nikoloz Kudashvili Abstract The paper estimates the economic growth determinants across 72 countries using a Bayesian Model Averaging. Unlike the other studies we include debt to GDP ratio as an explanatory variable among 29 growth determinants. For given values of the other variables debt to GDP ratio up to the threshold level is positively related with the growth rate. The coefficient on the ratio has nearly 0.8 posterior inclusion probability suggesting that debt to GDP ratio is an important long term growth determinant. We find that the initial level of GDP, life expectancy and equipment investments have a strong effect on the GDP per capita growth rate together with the debt to GDP ratio.
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Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: Evidence from Transition Economies
Su, Qihao ; Holub, Tomáš (advisor) ; Amini, Chiara (referee) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
Abstract: Institutional quality and income level of countries can play different role in international trade, which can affect foreign direct investment and economic growth, both negatively and positively. Although the empirical evidence shows a mix result, few literatures specifically study the effect of FDI on economic growth and the role of institutions in FDI and economic growth in developing countries. This thesis is developed on the research of Roodman (2006, 2009) and Farole and Winkler (2012) but specifically focuses on the impacts of institutional quality on FDI-Growth nexus. This thesis is based on absorptive capacity theory and exogenous growth model to utilize dynamic panel GMM techniques robust to instrument proliferation. Finally, the thesis empirically tested the propositions through econometric models by regressing a static panel model and two-stage GMM equation. In summary, based on absorptive capacity theory, this dissertation not only contributes to literature by applying the theoretical model in FDI and economic growth in exploring interaction with the role of institutions and human capital on the FDI-growth nexus but also obtained some new empirical results in different income level groups to explore the impacts of macroeconomics situation that can affect our results. The...
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A Panel Data Investigation of the Military Spending - Economic Growth Nexus in the EU
Uchman, Krzysztof Jerzy ; Aliyev, Shahriyar (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
The thesis examines the relationship between economic growth, investment, and military expenditure, utilizing a balanced data panel for 14 European countries over three periods: 1970 - 1991, 1992 - 2020, and 1970 - 2020. A vector autoregression model was applied to estimate the relationship for the European population. Regression of the 14 European countries over the entire period of 1970 - 2020 has yielded neither statistically significant autocorrelation nor cross-correlation between the studied variables. The same is true when regressing the 14 countries in the period 1992 - 2020. For the same group of European countries in the period 1970 - 1991 some statistical significance has been found in the autocorrelation between investment as a share of GDP and its lags. It appears that the introduction of a time break between year 1991 and 1992 (the fall of the Iron Curtain) has no impact on the studied relationship for the selected group of countries and the time period. The results of the thesis suggest no identifiable relationship between the variables for the chosen European sample of 14 countries.
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Human Capital Development in BRICS: education in China, India and South Africa.
Šupolíková, Lenka ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Vlček, Václav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of human capital in China, India, and South Africa. It focuses on the historical development and the main milestones in the development of education systems in individual countries and subsequently their current state. The aim is to compare individual countries in terms of human capital development and to figure out why South Africa is ranked worse than the other two countries in the World Bank's Human Capital Index, even though it is one of the upper middle-income countries along with China and India is a country with a lower middle income and yet it is ranked higher in this ranking. The work examines the history of the development of education systems in individual countries and describes their significant milestones that have influenced education to such an extent that the country is still struggling with the consequences. Firstly, this thesis describes the current state of education systems and gathers important characteristics and major problems. These problems stem mainly from historical developments, which have caused China to reform its education in order to get rid of the consequences of Soviet influence. India has been particularly influenced by British influence, which has changed its traditional education and is currently struggling with...
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Remittances and their impact on Eastern Europe
Kršjaková, Zuzana ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (referee)
Diploma thesis "Remittances and their impact on Eastern Europe" examines the phenomenon of remittances as part of global migration and its having been largely economically motivated and having a positive impact on poverty alleviation. The chosen approach is empirical-analytical methodology. The paper suggests several motivations leading to migration and remittances as well as some positive impacts and risks affecting the senders, receivers as well as the beneficiary economies of remittances. This thesis offers an overview of both all principal source countries and the main corridors of remittance flow. The paper analyses three countries from the former eastern block - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova - and the reasons which have lead to migration and remitting in these states in relation to their economic transformation from centrally planned to market economies. The analysis considers many factors such as the regional financial crisis in 1998 as well as the ethnically based military conflict which occurred due to the disintegration process in the former Yugoslavia. These issues influence not only the scale of remittances flow but also expand the variety of the senders which commonly include both refugees and Diasporas. Lastly, this thesis presents some possible scenarios related to the...
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The Impact of Political Determinants on Economic Growth : Analysis of AKP Era
Küçükkayıkcı, Ceren ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Baxa, Jaromír (referee)
1 Master Thesis Proposal Institute of Political Studies, IEPS programme Faculty of Social Sciences Charles University in Prague Date: 16.10.2020 Author: Ceren Küçükkayıkcı Supervisor: doc. Ing. Tomas Cahlik, CSc. E-mail: 91064497@fsv.cuni.cz E-mail: cahlik@fsv.cuni.cz Phone: +420773924728 Phone: Specialisation: IEPS Defense Planned: September 2021 Proposed Topic: The Impact of Political Determinants on Economic Growth : Analysis of AKP Era Registered in SIS: Yes Date of registration: 30.05.2019 (in case of No give an expected date) Topic characteristics / Research Question(s): The general question of this thesis is how the change in political determinants have an impact on economic growth in Turkey during the AKP era between 2002 and 2019. We would like to demonstrate the reason for the economic failure of AKP in line with the political and economic institutions and political and civil rights. AKP era will be analyzed into three sections, which are 2003-2007, 2007-2011, and 2011 and 2019. Economic growth will be measured by GDP per capita. Working hypotheses: 1. Hypothesis #1: There is an indirect relationship between political determinants and economic growth. 2. Hypothesis#2: Economic institutions and political institutions are endogenous and are defined by the collective choice of society. 2 3....
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Public-private collaboration in research and development in the framework of regional innovation systems.
Deďo, Peter ; Hána, David (advisor) ; Srholec, Martin (referee)
The present thesis discusses the topic of public-private collaboration in research and development in Czech regions. A bibliometric keyword analysis was used in this elaboration, based on which a theoretical framework of the thesis was compiled, presenting the most important theoretical concepts related to the interaction of private companies with universities and research institutes. The thesis has two main objectives, based on which it aims to reveal the nature of the size of partial subsystems of regional innovation systems in Czech NUTS 3 regions in relation to economic and innovation performance and to confront the thesis on the link between the innovation performance of regions and the degree of interconnectedness of subsystems on data of collaborative projects in Czechia. The conducted analyses showed a negative dependence of the size of the private R&D segment and innovation performance. It turned out that in the conditions of Czechia the statement that developed regions with a developed innovation system show a larger relative representation of the private segment is not valid. The second finding supports the thesis of a correlation between the intensity of collaboration between research institutions and firms and their innovation performance. Keywords: regional innovation systems,...
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