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Just-war theory. Its origin and evolution in history
Daniška, Jaroslav ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Müller, Ivan (referee)
Diploma thesis covers the old Christian tradition of just-war theory. This tradition, fully-established hence Augustine justifies and limits war. Having origins in a Hebrew thought and Old Testament, just-war theory has grown up from works of Augustine trough Gratian, Thomas Aquinas and Spanish scholastics to play a major role in establishing of international law as a specific field of science in a modern age. In this work I focused on primary texts of Bible, both Old and New Testament, writings of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas, Koran, as well as review of influential secondary literature, especially written by James Turner Johnson, George Weigel, historians like Edward Gibbon, Paul Johnson, Thomas E. Woods, thinkers like Roberto de Mattei or Michael Novak and documents like Documents of Vatican II., Catechism of the Catholic Church and others. Catholicism developed rich body of thought and numerous theories, attitudes on the moral problem of war and peace. Tradition of just-war thinking offers improving argumentation on morally responsible use of armed force, in both defensive and offensive wars. Just-war tradition offers criteria and their moral evaluation of just cause, just intention and legitimate authority and diploma thesis adds their confrontation with jihad's "holy-war" in Islam, humanitarian...
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Normalisation of data in fulltext system
Kapusta, Matúš ; Knap, Tomáš (referee) ; Lánský, Jan (advisor)
The purpose of this thesis is to design and implement Java application to process data from full text system to well-formed XML data according to XML 1.0 specification. Input data are stored in XML files containing any kind of not well formed XML, typically HTML content. Major criteria are conservation of the structure and conservation of the text content as much as possible. Program verifies if namespaces are correct and allows replacement of special HTML entities by appropriate Unicode characters. The output file has to be correctly processed by standard XML parsers. Secondary objective is to investigate and implement suitable method to identify language of the resulting output file as a whole, the content of individual elements or plain text file.
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Vybrané příklady našich výpočtů
Lencová, Bohumila ; Jánský, Pavel ; Zlámal, J.
The paper discusses the properties of the program EOD (Electron Optical Design), which contains interfaces for Windows, integrates all programs for 2D computations by the first order FEM, ray tracing in computed fields, simulation of electron and ion sources, and computation of space charge limited beams. Most parts of the software are in the beta development phase, and they are already used in a number of our projects. For example, it was used to simulate the behavior of ion optical systems for the ion beam deposition at TU Brno by including the plasma creation inside the ion gun as well as space charge effects in ion beams transported in the system. Electron guns with space charge effects can be computed as well, as illustrated on the example of the well-known Pierce electron gun. Graphical possibilities are illustrated on a 3D cut-away view of the electron gun for electron-beam welding
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Non-regional govermental policies as a key mechanism of regional development: The case of regional dimension of sectoral and horizontal policies in the Czech Republic
Macešková, Marie ; Blažek, Jiří (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee) ; Ochrana, František (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Marie Macešková NON-REGIONAL GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES AS A KEY MECHANISM OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF REGIONAL DIMENSION OF SECTORAL AND HORIZONTAL POLICIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Synopsis of PhD Thesis Prague, 2009 Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Jiří Blažek Marie Macešková Synopsis of PhD Thesis 2 Marie Macešková Synopsis of PhD Thesis 3 1. INTRODUCTION Fiscal policy seems to be only a purely economic issue. However, social geographers have caught this topic in order to depict implications for regional development. As Martin and Minns (1995) pointed out, without the understanding of regional patterns of (not only) public financial flows, our knowledge of mechanisms and factors of regional development is severely limited. As regards the social geographical research of public finance, the attention has traditionally been paid to the issues of regional policy financial flows and their regional impact in connection to the overall effectiveness and efficiency of regional policy (e.g., Armstrong, Taylor 1985; Martin 1998, 1999; Cappelen et al 2003; Bradley 2006; Gripaios et al 2008; Crescenzi 2009). However, this sort of policy represents only a relatively small proportion of the entire governmental policy of...
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Privatization in Great Britain under the Thatcher Government
Zrasták, Marián ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Krček, Matěj (referee)
The victory of the Conservatives in the 1979 General Election brought a government into office which is traditionally said to pursue a programme of economic liberalism. The new government was determined to end British economic decline and the crisis of state authority by making an ideological and political break with the policy of consensus. But it was only after September 1981, when "the dries" achieved dominance in Conservative Government and the new liberal policy finally prevailed. Their goals were to reduce the role of the government in economy, to start privatization of nationalised industries and to achieve reduction in the size and scope of welfare state. This objective became an important part of Thatcher's second- and third-term economic policy. This thesis describes how the particular factors influenced the privatization programmes. The main aim is to answer the question whether the delays in privatization programmes were given by objective obstruction by Thatcher's political opponents and interest groups or whether "the dries" themselves did not support denationalization of strategic industries. The privatization is examined and brought into context of fiscal and monetary policy to unveil the role of privatization in Thatcher's economic policy. The success of privatization is limited by regulations imposed on denationalized industries and the author of this thesis puts emphasis on the description of the extent to which the members of the conservative party supported free market. The author uses a description of various privatization programmes, including related political and economical discussions, to answer these questions. The thesis includes a description of popular capitalism and a connection between foreign policy and privatization as well as the author's evaluation of privatization program.
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Heterologous Expression of ABC Transporter in Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don
Pomahačová, Barbora ; Dušková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee) ; Grančai, Daniel (referee)
In this thesis, the regulation of transport is investigated as a limiting factor in biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. CjMDR1 in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. has been selected as a model system of active transporters. CjMDR1 is a member of ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) protein superfamily. Especially, in previous reports it was found to transport preferably berberine in its producing plant, Coptis japonica. In order to look into the role of the ABC transporter berberine was exogenously fed to Catharanthus roseus cell line and evaluate the transport of the compound. Based on a series of experiments in this study it can be concluded as follows. 1. Transport of berberine in wild Catharanthus roseus was not clearly associated with ATP-dependency. Using diverse inhibitors it was proved that berberine was not an exclusive substrate of native ABC transporters in Catharanthus. Alternatively berberine might be transported via H+-antiport or efflux transporters from MATE (multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) group which was previously found in other heterologous plants (Yazaki, 2005). In reality in Catharanthus some effect of pH on plasmatic membrane on berberine transport has been observed. However, the exact mechanism of berberine transport on vacuolar and cell level was not fully uncovered...
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Sociological View of the Medieval Family
Škodová, Eva ; Kubišová, Zuzana (referee) ; Holubec, Stanislav (advisor)
The paper offers a historical and sociological view of a medieval family. Primary as well as secondary literature was used in its elaboration. It deals, for example, with the division of roles among men, women, and children. In the Middle Ages, there were strict views of life, strongly influenced by Christianity and, above all, the Catholic church. Household life was strictly patriarchal in the Middle Ages, with the woman and children being subordinated to the man. Unmarried brothers and sisters were often members of the household. After the death of the father, the wife or the oldest son took his place. The Church had a significant impact on marriage and its conclusion, as it had strict rules for engagements as well as an age limit and regulations for marriage. Marriage in the ruler's court was different, as state, political and economic influences prevailed in its preparations. Among nobility, in towns and in rural areas, the selection of partners was determined by parents. The emotional relations of the future spouses were of no consequence. Achieving a divorce was difficult, but examples are known from families of the ruler or higher nobility. The wife was subordinated to her husband and her main obligation was to bear children, above all, to produce a son - a successor to ensure the...
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Non-euclidean geometries in the history of matematics and their use for contemporary aims in teaching matematics
Štíbrová, Zuzana ; Kvasz, Ladislav (referee) ; Zhouf, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis tries to summarize the subject of non-Euclidean geometries, above all from the viewpoint of didactics. It brings about the outline of their historical development, practical implementation along with the description of these geometries, which is of use in the education process, especially in secondary schools. Investigated are also students capabilities and limits in accepting non-Euclidean geometries, summarized are the most frequent problem areas in their teaching. The thesis also brings suggestions on how to avoid and prevent such problems along with the results of their practical verification on the basis of which some possible variations of school teaching are suggested.
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Knowledge of food intake disorders in secondary school students
Ševčíková, Jana ; Kančeva, Radmila (referee) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor)
Knowledge of food intake disorders in secondary school students The diploma work is intended on eating disorders which are two basic and in this time the most signifícant illness - the mental anorexia and mental bulimia. In the teoretical part is definined conception of eating disorders, the folowing history of those illness, causes of origin, definition and characterization of mental anorexia and mental bulimia and attack of overeating, their basic diagnostic criteria, results, way of cure and prevention. In the research part is of the pupil of the high school with help of questionnaire Metod investigated level knowledge of the problems, satifaction with own figuře and look, the opinions on the own weight, reason and appropriate measure for getting the bodily weight down, limit of influence publicity of beauty and slimness.
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Multicultural education: ethnic background, identity, coexistence
Kadlecová, Šárka ; Kubišová, Zuzana (referee) ; Havlínová, Ivana (advisor)
The main focus of the thesis Multicultural education: ethnic background, identity, coexistence is on diversity in society. The theoretical part aims to clarify why an element of diversity has become a significant part of education. The complexity of culture and its influence, as a source of difference, on human beings is described. Models of identity development are introduced, with a special focus on a minority identity development. The phenomenon of multiculturalism in political philosophy is described, followed by brief information about the position of minorities in the Czech Republic and the European Union. Then the concept of multicultural education designed by educators and thinkers in the United States is introduced. An analysis of the model that should embrace diversity in education in the Czech Republic follows. The thematic teaching program Human Rights and Me forms the practical part of the thesis. It is a six-lesson unit designed for secondary education, mainly 8th and 9th grades.
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