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Adjectival networks. On the grammar of French denominal adjectives
Strnadová, Jana ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Namer, Fiammetta (referee)
in English This dissertation studies su xal derivation of adjectives from nouns in French. It is based on a lexicon of about 15, 000 adjectives, 40% of which may be considered deno- minal. I rst present the data under investigation. I describe the Dénom database, which was derived from large scale lexica. In order to assess the position of denominal adjectives in the more general adjectival system, I present a classi cation of French adjectives on the basis of their morphological properties. In the process, I spot cases where the fringes of the class of denominals are unclear, and question the distributional and semantic co- hesion of the class. I nally review di erent types of formal or semantic mismatches between the adjective and its base noun. In a second step, I present a study of the formal and semantic properties of a subset of denominal adjectives where the morphological relation between base and derivative is regular. This subset is selected on the basis of the type frequency of formal patterns of alternation between base and derivative. I describe the phonological and morpholo- gical properties of base nouns, with the aim of uncovering factors that play a role in the formation of adjectives. This leads to the observation of morphological niches, that is, cases where the presence of a...
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Diminutives in Contemporary Spanish
Kindermannová, Marie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Aim of this MA thesis is to describe Spanish diminutives from different points of view. After defining basic concepts from morphology and lingu- istics the study focuses on traditional and pragmatic semantics of Spanish diminutives. The pragmatic point of view is the basis for analysis of particu- lar diminutives. In the conclusion, the traditional and pragmatic approaches to Spanish diminutives are compared.
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French Lexical Borrowings in Conterporary Bulgarian Language
Georgievová, Jana ; Gladkova, Hana (advisor) ; Nisheva Nikolova, Bozhana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on lexical items of French origin in contemporary Bulgarian language. These items are being analyzed lexically, phonetically, morphologically and semantically, this analysis shows their adaptation and assimilation process into the Bulgarian language system. Historical, social and cultural causes of French lexical borrowings in Bulgarian are part of the research as well. Language material of the research is based on the Bulgarian dictionary of foreign words (Пернишка, Е. и кол. Речник на чуждите думи в българския език.Наука и изкуство, София 2007).
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Feminization of agentive nouns in present-day French
Rytinová, Aneta ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Loucká, Hana (referee)
(in English) The major aim of the thesis is to investigate the different ways of making feminine equivalents to masculine names of professions, titles and ranks based on the data acquired from French and Canadian press archives. Furthermore, the study explores the history of certain frequent feminine forms to analyse the evolutionary changes and, in particular, presents the view of the French-speaking public on this matter. The data collected from the press were compared to the hypothesis and consequently the most occurring feminine forms were selected. In addition, the possible factors causing or preventing the feminization of names are examined in this study. The objective of the questionnaire is to analyse responses depending on the age, gender, and origin of the tested subjects, and to provide an overview of the current trends.
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Hypostasis, Conversion, Categoriality
Židek, Jan ; Bičovský, Jan (advisor) ; Starý, Zdeněk (referee)
In modern linguistics since the 1970s, there seems to be a general shift from langue to parole and from discrete categories to more "blurry" ones. With it comes a need for revitalisation of some older terms that fell out of usage because of the fact that they describe something (seemingly) outside system. One such term is hypostasis, a synchronic phenomenon of word- formation under certain constrains (e.g. null derivation from an inflected form). This work's aim is to probe its usefulness in modern linguistics and the viability of its revitalisation. In this work, I agree with now generally accepted idea that every grammatical system is in itself inadequate with regard to completeness of its function, and that it needs from time to time adapt to new situational contexts through compensation strategies; some of the ways it does that can collectively be called "hypostasis".
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Derivations of personal names
Vanišová, Anna ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Smedts, Willy (referee)
Title: Derivations of personal names Author: Anna Vanišová Department: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts Study program: Netherlandistics Supervisor: PhDr. Zdenka Hrnčířová Number of pages: 104 Attachments: 45 pages Year: 2011 Key words: derivations, derivatives, suffixes, personal names intuitive forming, productivity This thesis aims to analyze of selected derivations of personal names. Names were chosen to include a range of various suffixes, which are a common base for derivations. The practical part of this work investigates the knowledge and correctness of spontanious intuitive creating of lexicalized derivations of personal names. The research is conducted by questionnaires of Dutch and Czech native speakers.
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Nominal derivative suffixes in Slavic and Latin
Pernicová, Jana ; Rejzek, Jiří (advisor) ; Voleková, Kateřina (referee)
The present thesis treats one of the word-formative processes, derivation, in two Indo-European languages, Latin and Slavic. It focuses on the description and comparison of nominal (substantive) derivative suffixes and whole word-formative types that in these languages correspond to each other. The main focus of the thesis is to make a classification of these parallels from a functional point of view and to describe particular word-formative types from a scope of the onomasiologic categories. Since Latin and Slavic do not display similar parallels regarding other language levels, the considerable similarity of the derivative suffixes (and whole word-formative types) is a noticable phenomenon. One of its possible explanations is the fact that both languages have retained the original Indo-European word structure. Therefore this thesis uses as a base the Latin language as the older one which is thus formally and functionally more likely closer to the original (Indo-European) forms than Slavic, and traces particular suffixes (word-formative types) throughout their developement and attempts to reveal their formal and semantic shifts.
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Derivative and its application in high school mathematics with use of Internet.
Trnka, Karel ; Robová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Odvárko, Oldřich (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to create derivative-focused web pages as a new part of a high school mathematics educational web portal. The web portal is operated by the Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague. It is primarily intended as an additional learning resource for high school students. The diploma thesis consists of two main parts. The first part describes a search for and evaluation of similar web pages in Czech, Slovak, English and Hebrew, which deal with the topic of derivative. The second part details the creation of new web pages. In creating the web pages the author integrated interactive elements based on JavaScript, and interactive applets created with use of GeoGebra software. To display mathematical expressions on the web, the author used the technology MathJax, which works with languages of the typesetting systems TeX and LaTeX.
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Diminutives: types, use and changes in contemporary Czech
Choulíková, Klára ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
The goal of this paper is a reflection of the use, word-formation and semantics of diminutives in the contemporary Czech language. A special focus is given on new or marginal phenomena. A description of the system of the word-forming category of diminutives serves as a background for our analysis. The research is based on the comparison of different approaches described in specialized linguistic handbooks which are supplemented with findings from particular linguistic studies.
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Negative Prefixes in the present-day French
ŠTĚPÁNKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this work is to describe, with use of specialised literature, the characteristics of negative prefixes in present-day French. Then we will observe the correctness of observing the rules of application of these prefixes and study the frequency of their use. For this research, we will employ the methods of frequency and corpus analysis. This work is divided into two main parts and both contain several subchapters. In the theoretical part, we will explain the terms connected to language and word-formation in general, then we will focus on derivation and prefixes. On the basis of the Le Petit Robert dictionary and the other specialised literature, we will define the negative prefixes and describe their rules of usage. The following practical part will deal with corpus analysis of these prefixes.
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