|
|
Causes of Income Inequalities in Venezuela and Possible Solutions to This Problem
Bubák, Štěpán ; Sejkora, Jiří (advisor) ; Hasík, Gabriel (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the drivers of income inequality in Venezuela based on the economical and historical development of the country and to suggest possible solutions of this problem. The thesis is structured into three main chapters. First chapter defines the concept, that are used in the following chapters and are crucial for the understanding of the issue. It also describes several economic approaches to income inequality measuring and lists universal drivers of inequalities. The second chapter deals with the analysis and evaluation of the causes of income inequalities in Venezuela. Third chapter comes with several solutions of this problem.
|
|
|
The effect of material prosperity on happiness: Evidence from Europe
Rečková, Dominika ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Bauer, Michal (referee)
Easterlin paradox referring to relatively stable levels of happiness and increasing in come over time, although these two seem to be correlated at one point in time has became a hot topic among economist researches in recent decades. The thesis ex tends the usual income analysis to reveal the nature of correlations between material prosperity and happiness. Series of 15 OLS, ordered probit and ordered logit models together with 35 quantile regressions provide a complex analysis of possible happi ness drivers. Results find significant correlations between material prosperity and happiness, and between happiness and social life. The relationship between income and happiness might be non-linear and influenced by various factors. Happiness is found to be dependent on relative income and socio-politic living environment which explains the Easterlin paradox. JEL codes D6, 124, 131 , J31 K ey words Happiness, Well-being, Life satisfaction, Public pol icy, Material prosperity, Reference point, Inequality
|
|
|
New new bottom billion: Poverty and regional differences in price levels around the world
Šedivý, Marek ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
New new bottom billion: Poverty and regional differences in price levels around the world Author: Marek Šedivý Supervisor: Petr Janský, PhD. Abstract Comparable national price levels are a fundamental instrument for any research attempting to compare economic indicators of various countries. Nowadays they are produced by a number of organizations, namely the World Bank, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Penn World Tables. However these are provided only on national level even though significant evidence of inter-regional differences in price levels exists. This could lead to a bias of income-based economic indicators. Systematic assessment of the impact of spatial price differences on income-based economic indicators was done in this thesis. On the basis of the existing research it estimates regional price levels for a sample of 21 high and middle income countries. By combination of these indicators with income survey data provided by the Luxembourg Income Study it constructs Gini coefficients and poverty headcount ratios both adjusted and unadjusted for regional price levels. Significant and persistent evidence of bias induced by regional price levels is found throughout the sample. In the majority of cases the failure to adjust for spatial price differences leads to...
|
|
|
Selected socioeconomic barriers of education in Sub-Saharan Africa
Tillová, Petra ; Frajer, Václav (advisor) ; Kocová, Tereza (referee)
Selected socioeconomic barriers of education in Sub-Saharan Africa Abstract The aim of bachelor thesis is to describe and understand the process of education in Sub-Saharan Africa and analyze components that cause limited access to education. The first part of the thesis describes the process of education in Sub-Saharan Africa using selected indicators. The second main part focuses on the description and possible relations between selected socioeconomic barriers and literacy. Selected barriers include poverty, child labor and position of women in the society. The analysis revealed that existing relation between selected socioeconomic barriers and education has only low dependency rate and have to be understand more likely as a trend. Keywords: Education, literacy, poverty, child labor, position of women, inequality, Sub-Saharan Africa
|
|
|
Anotated translation: : Garrido Koechlin, J. J. (2013) Sobre la pobreza: orígenes, cuentas y evolución en el Perú y el mundo. Revista de Economía y Derecho, vol. 10, nro. 39: 1063 - 137.
Tlustá, Vendula ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Obdržálková, Vanda (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of two parts - the translation and the commentary on it. The first part introduces the functionally equivalent translation of the study Sobre la pobreza: orígenes, cuentas y evolución en el Perú y en el mundo by the Peruvian economist Juan José Garrido Koechlin. The study concerns the origin of poverty in general and describes the current situation in Peru. The second part of the thesis begins with the analysis of the source text according to Současná stylistika and the extratextual and intratextual factors according to Christiane Nord. Then, the overall translation strategy is stated, and finally, the solutions of particular translation problems are described.
|
|
|
Czech Wealth Inequality
Popelková, Kristýna ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Mareš, Jan (referee)
This paper delivers a complex picture of Czech household wealth. The main emphasis is placed on the role of wealth inequality, which is studied with the use of available data. The results suggest that the inequality in the Czech Republic is quite tangible and rather above-average in European context. Currently, the disparities in wealth holdings are further deepening due to expansion of lower and upper classes on behalf of middle class and wealth concentration in the hands of high net worth individuals. Income inequality commonly studied in empirical literature is lower than wealth inequality, the main source of this difference is housing wealth, which constitutes a dominating asset class in household wealth portfolio. Composition of both assets and liabilities is quite stable over time, currency and deposits are the leading form of financial wealth holdings and mortgage loans are the primary instrument responsible for households' indebtedness. Saving by Czech households is decreasing which raises concerns about the future of welfare-state structures that are under pressure of ongoing demographic trends, such as population aging and stagnation. In particular, state-funded pension system, whose unsustainability was detected, is an emerging issue and requires attention of policy authorities. Powered by TCPDF...
|
|
|
The issue of openness of the Czech traditional media towards Internet non-users
Macek, Oskar ; Lupač, Petr (advisor) ; Sládek, Jan (referee)
This paper deals theoretically and empirically with the issue of traditional media openness towards Internet non-users and its perception among non-users themselves. The theoretical part of the work outlines the problem of inequality in the information society and how specific content of messages in selected traditional media can contribute to these inegualities. The second part examines through a pilot content analysis the nature of the media content in the traditional Czech mass media with regard to the possibility of interaction and participation with the media and the usage of links to the digital content. On this basis, semi-structured interviews examine perception and reflection of such phenomena on a selected group of elderly non-users. The conclusion of this work consists of the introduction of the scheme of factors influencing the extent of perceived discrimination among non-users of the Internet in relation to traditional mass media.
|
|
|
Social Exclusion in Eyes of the Population of Excluded Localities, social Workers and Officials
Ježek, Michal ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Voleková, Hana (referee)
The theme of the thesis is the problem of social exclusion and socially excluded localities. The work deals with the view of inhabitants of socially excluded localities and experts who are involved in creating and implementing inclusive policies at the local level. The text is divided into a theoretical part, which deals with the concept of social exclusion, its history and current discourse. The following describes why and who is most at risk of social exclusion, what are its causes and consequences. Since this work deals with the view of socially excluded localities, theoretical part also describes the origin and definition of these localities. The practical part consists of an analysis of interviews with respondents from among the inhabitants of excluded localities and experts. The aim is to determine how these actors of inclusive policies perceived problem of social exclusion and excluded areas. It is the task of the work to find out what are the biggest problems of inhabitants of socially excluded localities, what are the social links within the localities and how is the problem of social exclusion solved at the local level.
|
|
|
Slums as a result of urbanization of poverty in Africa
Černá, Karolína ; Sládek, Jan (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of slums in Africa with a focus on its eastern region. First part presents information on the fundamental aspects of this issue in theory line, when primarily uses foreign publications. It specifically focuses on the influence of post- colonialism, the process of urbanization and the incidence of slums. Second part illustrates the situation on the example of slums in Nairobi and Addis Ababa. Its main purpose is to show the quality of life of local population. Analysis is performed by the three studies; one refers to Nairobi and two Addis Ababa. It also seeks to answer the research questions that are listed at the beginning of this part. Overall results suggest that local people live in very poor conditions which do not provide adequate housing, access to infrastructures and education, and the unemployment rate is very high. Keywords Urbanization, poverty, slums, inequality, capital
|
|
|
The Position of Woman in Judaism and Islam with Respect to Human Rights
Kuntová, Pavlína ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Position of Woman in Judaism and Islam with Respect to Human Rights" deals with the status of woman in traditional religious communities. It points out the disparity between the status of woman and man, often inadequate concept of universal human rights. The work focuses on human rights itself, from the perspective of religion and from the perspective of the West. It shows their similarities and differences. Part of the work is devoted to the status of woman from ancient times until the present. A large part is devoted to the status of woman in traditional family and her obligations towards man. Mainly discusses marriage and divorce. Does not forget to even mention the current state of women's status in Israel and Saudi Arabia, as the dominant religious leaders. In this work are interpreted true testimony of women about their status. We will meet both responses, the positive and the negative.
|
guest ::
