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Strength training and influencing factors
Farkaš, Boris ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Semerád, Miroslav (referee)
STRENGHT TRAINING AND INFLUENCING FACTORS Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to form, apply and find the influence of created workout regarding body composition changes. Methods: In this work we used bioimpedance analysis, antropomotorical measurements of muscle mass and diagnostics of previous physical experience. Results: Considering the following measurement we found out significant changes in fat mass and muscle mass ratio as well as increase of muscle mass in upper extremities. Keyowords: muscle strenght, adaptation, muscle hypertrophy, fat loss, dietary supplements, training programme
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Assessment of Muscle Force and Power in Children and Youth using Mechanography
Matysková, Jana ; Zemková, Daniela (advisor) ; Krásničanová, Hana (referee)
Introduction: Bone strength is dependent on stimulation by skeletal muscles. To diagnose reduced bone strength and density in children and adolescents is therefore important not only to assess the physical and geometric parameters of bones using densitometric methods, but also to objectively assess parameters of muscle function. "Jumping mechanography" is one of the new techniques used for assessment of muscle force and power. The aim of the thesis was to create the gender-specific pediatric reference data on the main parameters of mechanography, muscle force (Fmax) and muscle power (Pmax). And to increase our knowledge of mechanography by defining relations between indicators mentioned above and basic anthropometrical parameters. Material and Methods: The study population included 796 healthy individuals (432 girls and 364 boys) aged 6-18 years. All probands were examined by a "single two-legged jump" and they were measured for their height and body mass. "Multiple one-legged hopping" was performed in a subgroup of 376 children. The participants were recruited from five primary schools and three high schools. Motoric tests were performed using a portable force platform ("Leonardo Mechanograph® GRFP", Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim). LMS method was used to generate smooth centile curves for parameters...
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Monitoring of the impact of external load on timing of shoulder girdle muscles during abduction in scapular plane - pilot sEMG study
Knorová, Kateřina ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Valouchová, Petra (referee)
Bachelor's thesis "Monitoring of the impact of external load on timing of shoulder girdle muscles during abduction in scapular plane - pilot sEMG study" is focused on the changes of muscle activation pattern in response to increase of strength demands. Theoretical part contains a review on factors influencing the movement outcome and the strength capability of musculoskeletal system. Experimental part is based on pilot sEMG study monitoring the impact of external load on timing of shoulder girdle muscles during abduction in scapular plane. Thirteen subjects (10 females, 3 males) at the age range from 20 to 30 years (median 21 years) were included in this study. The experiment consisted of 3 model situations: A) without external load, B) with light load (1kg) and C) with excess load (3-10kg). All muscles were activated earlier with increasing load. The differences between mean onset times of individual muscles were decreasing with increasing load. Results of this study support the theory of coordination-strength funcional reserve of musculoskeletal system. Discussion summarizes possible consequences and possibilities of using this phenomenon; both in testing, therapy and monitoring its effects.
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The reliabilty of isokinetic strength measurement
Kadlec, Miroslav ; Strejcová, Barbora (advisor) ; Baláš, Jiří (referee)
Title: Reliability of isometric and isokinetic strength testing in the knee flexion and extension Objectives: To compare the reliability of isometric and isokinetic testing of the knee strength in flexion and extension Methods: I used intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: I have discovered that the reliability measured on isokinetic and isometric dynamometer is high. Furthermore the reliability of the maximum strength measurement was higher with-using the isokinetic dynamometer. Keywords: reliability, intraclass correlation coefficient, isometric dynamometry, maximal isometric strength, isokinetic dynamometry, knee strength, Cybex Humac Norm
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The Use of Vibration in Sports and Health Care
Koutná, Martina ; Stackeová, Daniela (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: The Use of Vibration in Sports and Health Care Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine whole-body vibration training as potential training method in sport and health area. The usage of vibration training should increase strength, bone mineral density, and balance. Methods: This diploma thesis is solely theoretical. It is based on review of available literary sources, clinical trials accessible through electronic databases of medical and sports, and library catalogs. The resources from sport, physiology, biomechanics, and various medical disciplines (osteology, physiotherapy, kinesiology) were used also. Results: The research concluded that the usage of whole-body vibration of an appropriate frequency or acceleration respectively could represent an alternative or a supplement to conventional training in order to increase muscle strength and bone mineral density or improve balance and mobility of elderly. The selection of right vibration parameters could support ordinary physical therapy of some neurological disorders. Keywords: vibration, whole-body vibration training, muscle strength, balance, bone mineral density, neurological disorders, physical therapy
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Use of vibration in sports and health care
Koutná, Martina ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: The Use of Vibration in Sports and Health Care Objectives: The aim of this study is to confirm or refute established hypotheses. Hypotheses: 1. The use of vibration loading improves muscle strength. 2. The use of vibration loading improves bone mineral density. 3. The use of vibration loading can influence balance. Methods: This diploma thesis is elaborated as search form. It is based on exploration of available literary sources, clinical trials accessible through electronic databases of medical and sports, and library catalogs. The resources from sport, physiology, biomechanics, and various medical disciplines (osteology, physiotherapy, kinesiology) were used also. Results: Due to retrieval process of whole body vibration training it was found out that this method can improve muscle strength, bone mineral density, balance and mobility. The effect depends on chosen parameters of whole-body vibrations. Under certain conditions whole-body vibration training could represent an alternative or a supplement to conventional training in order to increase muscle strength and bone mineral density or improve balance and mobility of elderly. The selection of right vibration parameters could support ordinary physical therapy of some neurological disorders. Keywords: vibration, whole-body vibration...
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The effect of proximal dynamic stabilizazion on hand muscle strength
Dzvoník, Ján ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Ježková, Martina (referee)
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dynamic stabilizing strategy on handgrip and pinchgrip strength. Exercise utilized in this study was based on rehabilitative approach called Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) - a developmental kinesiology approach. The exercise program consisted of four primal developmental positions (3½ month supine position, oblique sitting position with support on forearm, position on all fours, and the "bear" position). A study file consisted of ten females who were instructed in basic scheme of DNS exercise. They were instructed to exercise at home five times weekly for a 6- weeks period. One exercise lesson took about thirty minutes. Both handgrip and pinchgrip strength was measured using the digital dynamometer CITEC CT 3001 recording maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Three-pinch grip strength and fist grip strength was measured for both upper extremities. Fist grip strength was measured in three positions of forearm (pronation, supination and neutral position). Overall eight variables (for each extremity, grip form and position of the forearm) measured before and after exercise program were compared using the paired t-test. Significant increase in muscle strength (p<0,05) was identified for all eight variables after a 6 weeks exercise...
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Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after the fracture of the proximal part of the humerus resolved by the osteosynthesis.
Duchačová, Alena ; Křížková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after the fracture of the proximal part of the humerus resolved by the osteosynthesis Objectives: The main purpose of this paper was to get orientated in the professional literature in the field concerned. Another goal was to find out the author's abilities to examine and work with a patient, followed by stating a conclusion, suggesting an appropriate therapy as well as the way it is to be done. Methods: First part of the paper is dedicated to the theoretical basis of the issue of the patient who suffered from fracture of the proximal part of humerus that was resolved by the osteosynthesis. The anatomy and kinesiology of pectoral girdle and upper extremity, general theory of fractures and the solutions to it are all discussed, as well as miscellaneous ways to treat a fracture, most of them being done by an operation. In the end, the ways of rehabilitating with a fracture that are commonly used are stated. The other part is a casuistry of the patient O. N. with diagnosis state after the fracture of the proximal part of the humerus resolved by the ostheosynthesis. This special part is based on working with the patient for more than two weeks in Oblastní nemocnice Kladno (Regional Hospital Kladno) from 20th January 2011 to 3rd February 2011....
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Objectification of disorders fine motor skills of the upper extremities in patients with hereditary neuropathies
Nývltová, Marcela ; Kraus, Josef (referee) ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor)
In the first part of the thesis Objectification of disorders of the fine motor skills of the upper extremities in the patients with hereditary neuropathies there are mentioned some brief informations about characteristics, classifications, clinical symptoms, deformities and testing of upper extremities, rehabilitation and treatment of CMT neuropathy. The practical part of this thesis is concerned with testing and evaluating of strength, fine motor skills and sensation of the upper extremities in the patients with CMT. For the measurement of the hand strenght the dynamometry and the functional muscle test are used. The Jebsen-Taylor test, the Nine-Hole Peg Test and the examination of static and dynamic handgrip rating are used. For the examination of the sensation the Nottingham Sensory Assessment is used. CMT neuropathy score and Overall Neuropathy Disability Scaleare are used for the classification of disability. The aim of this thesis is the comparison of the muscle strength and the function of the dominant and non-dominant hand. Partial aim of thesis is detection of the correlations between tests. According to the results CMT disease leads to the muscle strenght weakness and to worsening of the fine motor skills mainly of the dominant upper extremity. This may be the result of overwork weakness. For...
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Determining the influence of fitness aerobics lessons on muscle strength, flexibility and body constitution\\
POPKOVÁ, Světlana
The aim of this bachelor thesis is through standardized tests to discover levels of physical abilities of girls attending selective aerobics at the department of Physical Education and Sport. The testing consists of three tests of muscle strength. From one flexibility test, one endurance test and by the use of BMI the body structure will be measured. The first sets of tests were run on 3rd of November and the final sets of tests were run six weeks later on 15th of December. After an analysis of all the data gained from the research, a comparison and evaluation of this data followed as well as the final testing by the use of simple average and standard deviation. The results were put into tabular graphs. This bachelor thesis should determine the impact of aerobic (non compete forms) on our physical abilities.
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