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Terraforming Mars
Gabriel, Michael ; Frlorián,, Miloš (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
Terraforming mars by autonomous robotic building system, inspired by social insect. Idea design of robotic solution, their transportation and software. Design of structures builded by robots and their function. Pyramidal structures interwoven with ice tunnel, heat the atmosphere of Mars and accumulate heat in their mass. These structures are built with cheap and simple robots that mimic the behavior of social insects.
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Small-scale volcanoes on Mars: image analysis, numerical modeling and comparison with terrestrial analogs
Brož, Petr ; Dolejš, David (advisor) ; Rothery, David (referee) ; Baratoux, David (referee)
Small-scale volcanoes represent diverse group of landforms which vary in morphology, morphometry, and mechanisms of their formation. They are the most common volcanic form on Earth, and their existence and basic characteristics were also predicted for Mars. Availability of high-resolution image data now allows to search, identify and interpret such small volcanic features on the martian surface. This thesis extends our knowledge about the small-scale volcanoes with the following objectives: (a) to document the existence of martian analogues to some of the terrestrial volcanoes, in particular scoria cones, tuff cones, tuff rings and lava domes; (b) to establish their morphological and morphometrical parameters; and (c) to examine the effect of environmental factors, which differ on Earth and Mars, on the mechanisms of formation of the scoria cones. Interpretation of remote sensing images and digital elevation models reveals that scoria cones, tuff rings and cones, and lava domes exist on different parts of the martian surface and, in some cases, far away from previously well-known volcanic provinces. Scoria cones have been identified in the volcanic field Ulysses Colles situated within the Tharsis volcanic province; tuff cones and tuff rings have been found in the Nephenthes/Amenthes region at the...
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The main forms of Martian relief and their relevance to observing the dynamics and development of Martian surface
Žížalová, Ivana ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with the main forms of Martian surface and with the processes which have or used to have an impact on the planet. Using various scientific publications and articles a creative research was done in order to briefly introduce the forms of surface of Mars. How and when were these forms created, what condition is the surface in today and how it differs from equivalent forms on planet Earth or other terrestrial bodies. A certain analogy was discovered between the shapes found on Mars and on planet Earth, as well as certain differences - Mars only has eolian, periglacial and glacial processes forming its relief. The distinctions are caused both by the characteristics of the environments and by a different geological development.Since there is not many publications dealing with this issue in Czech language, the main benefit of this work is to mediate information on the surface of Mars to the general public which does not dispose of knowledge of foreign languages. Key words: Mars, surface of Mars, endogenous processes, exogenetic processes
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Maps creation from image data of the Mars surface
Kopecký, Kamil ; Kolář, Jan (advisor) ; Čábelka, Miroslav (referee)
Spectral behavior of Mars altimetry Abstract The goals of this thesis are research of cartography of Mars and the problems connected with it. The second goal is the creation of the maps of Mars's surface and lastly the analysis of the surface elevation and its spectral behavior. Firstly, the thesis outlines the theoretical part which includes usage of reference bodies, coordinates systems, cartographic projections and prime meridian. Second, it features the methodical procedure of creating the maps and the analysis. Key words: map projection, image data, Mars surface, thematic maps
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Use of portable Raman spectrometers for detection of sulfates: potential application in exobiology
Košek, Filip ; Jehlička, Jan (advisor) ; Němec, Ivan (referee)
The detection of mineral phases under in situ conditions has become a primary but sometimes also challenging task in many fields of geoscience. Raman spectroscopy has been used as a powerful tool for the identification of various minerals and organic compounds. The advantages and the relative simplicity made this method a promising choice in the future planetary exploration missions to Mars. The deposits of aqueous minerals including sulfates have been found on the Martian surface. With the development of miniaturized handheld spectrometers there is a need for evaluation of Raman spectroscopy as a method of identification of sulfate phases in their natural conditions. In the first part of this work a handheld spectrometer equipped with 532 nm excitation laser was tested under laboratory conditions during which the ability to distinguish mineral samples representing sulfates of different chemical composition and different degree of hydration was investigated. In the second part, two handheld Raman spectrometers equipped with 532 and 785 nm excitation lasers were used for the characterization of sulfate phases on sites of their natural occurrence located in the Czech Republic. The quality of the Raman spectra acquired under outdoor conditions by both spectrometers was rather average but sufficient to...
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Internal dynamics of Mars: a study based on gravitational and topographic data
Kalousová, Klára
In the present work we deal with the model of elastic lithosphere thickness on Mars. We assume that the surface load of the planet is compensated only by elastic lithosphere deflection and formulate the spatial inversion based on the comparison between predicted and observed geoid. Performing very extensive tests on this inversion in the two dimensional axisymmetric geometry we gain its best parameters. Then we invert the real data and construct the models of Martian elastic lithosphere thickness for filters of variable width. We focus on some topographically significant areas, establish the elastic lithosphere thickness below them and compare the obtained values with published results. For some areas we get agreement. Assigning the age to particular areas we find the growth of elastic lithosphere thickness during time, which is in agreement with the so-called principle of frozen lithosphere.
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Astropolitics of extraterrestrial bodies within Solar system
Doboš, Bohumil ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
The work deals with geopolitics of inner solar system with focus on extraterrestrial celestial bodies. First part deals with definitions, delimitation of researched territory, and definition of researched questions. Afterwards, we deal with basics of astrophysics which is necessary precondition for understanding specifics of astropolitics and the issue of space- faring actors. Here, both state and non-state actors, their capacities and ability to become colonizing actor, are assessed. The work continues with exploration of single celestial bodies - Earth's Moon, Mars and its moons, and smaller bodies like asteroids. The final chapter scratches the issues crucial for space colonization such as sovereignty and weaponization. Based on these factors, few models of space colonization are presented. Conclusion then sums up all our findings and geopolitical map of "blue planet's" neighbourhood is presented.
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Mythological Inspiration in the poetry of Lorenzo de' Medici
Lukášová, Denisa ; Pelán, Jiří (advisor) ; Žáčková, Magdalena (referee)
The first part of this master thesis is focused on the personality of Lorenzo deʼ Medici and his inclusion in the period and cultural contexts. The literary background of Italy in the 15th century is introduced, as well as the Lorenzo's life, the summary of his literary output and his contribution as a patron of the Florentine culture and arts. The second part analyzes four of the Lorenzoʼs works related to mythological themes going back until the ancient writers. Lorenzoʼs evident influence by these authors is illustrated with the specific quotations but at the same time his own innovations in texts and stories are referred to. The conclusion compares an extend of this influence on him and the contribution of his own invention to the particular works. It points out the uniqueness of the personality of Lorenzo deʼ Medici both in the cultural and literary spheres as well.
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The use of robotic Rovers to explore Mars
Pekař, Štěpán ; Sedláček, Pavel (referee) ; Froehling, Kenneth (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na tři vesmírné mise, a to Mars Pathfinder, Mars Exploration Rover a Mars Science Laboratory. Hlavní součástí těchto tří misí jsou čtyři rovery (Sojourner, Spirit, Opportunity a Curiosity), které byly odeslány na povrch Rudé planety. Práce se věnuje především vědeckému vybavení jednotlivých roverů, použitým technologiím a nejdůležitějším vědeckým poznatkům získaných za dobu působení roverů na Marsu.
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Identification of microbial pigments in evaporites using Raman spectroscopy: implications for astrobiology
Vítek, Petr ; Jehlička, Jan (advisor) ; Marshall, Craig P. (referee) ; Vandenabeele, Peter (referee)
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for identification both inorganic and organic compounds including microbial biomolecules. Together with the fact, that it is considered to be the important nondestructive instrument for use on Mars within future robotic missions, it is necessary to assess its capabilities in scenarios relevant for both Martian and terrestrial conditions. In this work, the potential of Raman spectrometry was tested - including both bench-top laboratory systems as well as portable counterparts - to detect traces of life within evaporitic matrices through biomolecular identification. Due to their chemical and physical nature resulting in optical properties, pigments are important organic compounds in Raman spectroscopic analysis using visible excitation. Hence in this work we have focused on the Raman spectroscopic identification of pigments as biomarkers with relevance for investigation of life in both extreme terrestrial and potentially extraterrestrial environments. Results of methodical work are presented in Appendices I to III, dealing particularly with β-carotene as a model carotenoid pigment. The concentration limits of this biomarker in three different evaporitic matrices (halite, gypsum and epsomite) have been determined for artificially prepared powdered mixtures alone...
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