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Antimicrobial effect of antidepressants. I.
Marečková, Helena ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
1 Abstract Several years ago antimicrobial activity was describe for psychotropic drugs against wide groups of microorganisms. Recently it was found that one class of them, known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), has in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity. In this study the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of two SSRI (paroxetine and fluoxetine) against various strains of Candida spp. (Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis), Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichosporon beigelii using a broth microdilution test were investigated. The most susceptible fungal organism was Saccharomyces cerevisiae - fluoxetine (MIC 15,6µg/ml) and paroxetine (MIC 31,25µg/ml). In the second part of our study we tested combination of some antifungal agents (amphotericin B, fluconazole and flucytosine) with paroxetine and fluoxetine using checkerboard method. Activity was measured against two strains Candida albicans, one strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae and three auxotrophic strains Candida albicans (CA-SC, CA-BWOZ, CA-BWP), depended on uridine. For fluconazole testing we used six fluconazole-resistant strains Candida spp. in addition. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexes ranged between 0,5 and 2,4 for the various combinations and various...
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The Czech EU presidency from the point of view of interpreters and delegates
Trubková, Jana ; Sládková, Miroslava (referee) ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor)
Between January and June 2009, the Czech Republic assumed the rotating presidency of the European Union. All the meetings within the EU framework, of the ministers of the member states and of the work groups were led by Czechs. This semester represented an exceptional challenge in diplomatic and organizational terms. The present report concentrated on the objective of responding to the question: What were the greatest challenges faced by the interpreters who performed interpretation services from and to Czech? Because Czech was the language which served as the bridge between European delegates to the Czech presidency, the interpreters were an important link for the success of all the meetings. In Brussels, interpreting services were provided by Czech language interpreters belonging to DG SCIC and in the Czech Republic interpreting services were rendered at lower level meetings by a Czech provider of interpreting services, Artlingua. For this report we have used surveys to ascertain the interpreters' opinions with regard to their interpretation service experience during the Czech presidency, as well as to ascertain the delegates' opinions about the interpreting services rendered. Likewise, we compared the opinions of the Czech delegates with those of the foreign delegates. We replied that the services...
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The study oxidative stress markers in animal model of chronic colitis in large intestine.
Hocková, Erika ; Němečková, Ivana (referee) ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor)
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NFκB) family consists of five different members, which are namely p65 (RelA), c-Rel, RelB, p50 and p52. NFκB has ability to promote the expression of various proinflammatory genes, to influence the course of mucosal inflammation and to mediate different cell-type specific effects. Bilirubin is an endogenous substance with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, which influences the process of inflammation and has protective effect. This diploma thesis was aimed at conduction of methods of NFκB detection on paraffine tissue slices and observation of NFκB expression in large intestine walls of normobilirubin and hyperbilirubin rats (Gunn's variety) after chronic imunohistochemically- induced inflammation. Eight Gunn's variety rats (G+ ) and eight Wistar's variety rats (K+ ) were used in this study, all after long time administration of dextrane-sulfate (DSS). For seven following days, DSS (in concentration of 2%w/v) was added into drinkable water for these rats, followed by 14 days of clear drinkable water (without DSS) administered to rats. This three-weeks long cycle was repeated twice (3 cycles in total were completed). Six rats of both varieties (6 G+ and 6...
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The Rome Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations
Uličník, Tomáš ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor)
Conclusion - 103 - Obsah The Rome Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations well known also as "Rome Convention (1980)" or just "Rome I." came into force on April 4th, 1991. On the field of Private international law in the EU member states, the Rome Convention plays the most significant role regarding contractual obligations. The Purpose of the Convention was to establish and uniform the same rules for every participating country. It contains rules mainly connected with party autonomy and right to choose governing law for their particular contract and rules concerned with solving problems, when parties have not agreed on the choice of law clause in their contract (art. 4). This article has become crucial and also the most criticized throughout the whole Convention. It tries to put together two different principles: a) civil law is represented by a characteristic performance approach, in which courts of the given countries apply periodically and without many exceptions to find out the country to which the contract is most closely connected (art. 4/5), b) courts of the common law countries, on the other hand, prefer the rule of the proper law of a contract using wording of art. 4/1 and 4/5. The above mentioned issues and also the new possibility to harmonize private international law on the...
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Family as factor influencing socially - patological behaviour of the child
Brzobohatý, Ladislav ; Vítečková, Michaela (referee) ; Lorenzová, Jitka (advisor)
Diploma work "Family as factor influencing socially-patological behaviour of the child" is compiled teoretical ly and scienti fically. Teoretical part deal in fami ly and its relations concerned. Prel iminarily it describes some patological phenomenons which signi ficantly influnce the development of the family.Basic functions of family as well as its fail rures are desribed.Also some of undesi rable mani festations of behaviour of particular members of family are desribed.Teoretical part of diploma work shows the relation between disfunction of the family and inception of patological behaviour of individuals.Suicide,missuse of drugs,problems connected with deliquent behaviour and penitenciar t reatment are evaluated as the most dangerous for human and for the society as a whole. A.m. conclusions are followed by empi rical part.Empi rical part examines number of some fami ly factors in anamnesis of young imprisoned persons.Particularily informations about completness and functionality of families of these individuals are examined. Furthermore this part concentrates on monitoring of emotional relation of parents to thei r deliquent chlidren and at the same time the way of upbringing is monitored. The summary comprises both theoretical conlusions as well as conlusions based on informations coming from the...
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Economic development of Ireland in the environment of European Union
Davidová, Jana ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor)
The main purpose of this diploma thesis is development of the economy of Ireland and its position in EU. The work is divided into three main parts. First chapter describes the development of irish economy in the past until half of the 90's. Second part includes period of great economic growth, which is called the period of "Celtic Tiger." It concerns with main economic indicators and also with grounds for this fast economic growth, this in connection with EU as well. Third part includes period of economic crisis in the irish economy, main causes of this crisis and changes in an attitude of the Irish towards the membership in EU and also position among the rest of member states. Ireland still belongs to great supportes of EU. Irish economy's joined the most mature and the fastest growing economies of EU. The global crisis has hit irish economy as the first state of eurozone and its impacts were very hard. The duration of this crisis is not known, even it is possible, that period of great economic growth was only excaption.
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Enzymatic Studies of Organohalogen Formation By Model Compounds
Blažková, Ivona ; Tesařová, E. ; Forczek, Sándor
Research in recent years has demonstrated that halogenated organic compounds are formed in\nnature due to biotic and abiotic processes. One of the most known sources of these substances are\nfrom the reaction catalyzed by haloperoxidases which include chloroperoxidase enzyme (CPO)\nisolated from Caldariomyces fumago. CPO enzyme was incubated with chloride or bromide, in the\npresence of hydrogen peroxide and organic substrates. Experiments were conducted with three\nsubstrates (acetone, acetic acid, and glucose), and different concentrations of halides.\nMeasurement of the samples by gas chromatography with an ECD detector showed the influence\nof the substrate type and halide concentration on the formation of the organohalogen products.
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Evaluation of Legislative Regulations for Special Road Transport Between the Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, the Benelux States and Great Britain
Handová, Jitka ; Libertín, Josef (referee) ; Kudláček, Jaroslav (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of legislation for special transport between the Czech Republic and some member states of the European Union. The term special transport comprises the transport of very heavy and oversize loads which exceed limits allowed by the legislation of member states and the European Union itself. The diploma thesis is preferentially concentrated on regulations providing limit dimensions, transport conditions and elements that ensure safe transport of loads to the target destinations – Germany, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom. The final document is going to become the overview of information for freighters who can apply it in the process of preparation and the following ensuring of oversize loads to the countries, see above. The results of the diploma thesis can be applied by the institutions in the branch of international freight, the police or the institutions of the public administration.
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A global comparison of Czech and Slovak academic journals based on their Impact Factor (IF) and Article Influence Score (AIS)
Münich, Daniel ; Škoda, Samuel
We compare the scores in the widely used citation index of academic journals known as Impact Factor (IF) with the lesser known but more sophisticated index Article Influence Score (AIS). There is a positive correlation between the relative IF and AIS scores within fields, but the spread is quite high. The difference between the IF and AIS scores is caused by differences in the extent of journal self-citation and in the academic importance of the journals from which journal articles are cited. Czech publication output in relatively major journals tends to be concentrated in journals with a lower AIS than IF. These articles also tend to be concentrated in a rather small number of international journals. In many fields, Czech publication output is concentrated in Czech and Slovak journals, most of which have relatively low AIS and IF. The IF and AIS of some Czech journals are entirely outside the natural range of scores worldwide.
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