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Natural language in web-based search engines
Poláková, Barbora ; Brejcha, Jan (advisor) ; Pilecká, Věra (referee)
This study is focused on the natural language exploitation in the search engines of the specific web environment. This paper points out the multideparmental character of the problematic and interlink the basic approaches from linguistic, psychology, cognitive science, information science and neuropsychology to create more complex image of the problematic. Closer attention is given to the human as the impetus of the development and as the primary user of such search engines. Human information system is presented as model for the better user friendly information processing system. The character of the paper is fully theoretical and should give the theoretical background for further research. As the result of the research is recommended focus on the fully visual approach in the development with the exploitation of knowledges about HIS.
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Music, singing and dance in Arab Muslim society: the view of religious authorities and reality nowadays
Válková, Eva ; Veselý, Rudolf (advisor) ; Ostřanský, Bronislav (referee)
Music, Singing and Dance in Arab Muslim Society: the View of Religious Authorities and Reality Nowadays The study concerns theoretic and empirical analysis of contemporary Arab Muslims attitudes towards the issue of music, singing and dance performance. The issue is viewed from the perspective of religious authorities in contrast with the view of ordinary Muslims and everyday reality. Firstly, the theoretical part notes down a wide response spectrum on the question of principle: are the above mentioned activities considered as permitted or prohibited in Islam? The points of view are grounded in excerpts of traditional Islamic texts and legal experts' opinions. The next part focuses on the elements of music, singing and dance that can be found in Islamic religious practice as well as the real significance of their role in it. The third and final chapter aspires to show the reality of everyday life in Arab Muslim society. With reference to the first part of the study, it aims to notice the divergence of opinion on this issue. The analysis is based on empirical survey, that notes down opinions and attitudes of a group of selected Arab Muslims. The questionnaire follows the customary methodology of sociological research. The main goal is to find the majority attitude to the performance of music,...
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Analysis of selected natural compounds by modern separation methods
Citová, Ivana ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee) ; Karlíček, Rolf (referee)
7 Summary The presented dissertation thesis deals with an extensive topic of natural compounds analysis by the means of modern separation techniques described from different points of view. Firstly, theoretical information about studied natural compounds (mainly antioxidants) has been summarized including characterization of the mechanism of free radicals formation and development of oxidative stress in human organism. Furthermore, the function of antioxidants and key roles of antioxidant therapy have also been discussed. Within the analyzed antioxidants, biological and physicochemical properties of phenolic acids, vitamins A and E and polyunsaturated fatty acids are described. Concurrently, known and published analytical procedures applied on each group of compounds are summarized. Besides antioxidants, content substances of yellow gentian (dried roots of Gentiana lutea) have been analyzed. Information about gentian pharmacological action, its practical utilization in therapy and ways of analytical determination represents the last chapter of theoretical part dealing with the studied compounds. The second point of view comprises characterization of individual separation techniques used in the thesis. Basic principles of gas chromatography (GC), solid phase microextraction connected to GC (SPME-GC), Ultra...
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Learning style in the process of cognitive and metacognitive learning
Volf, Petr ; Vališová, Alena (referee) ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor)
The text of the thesis is focused on the theme of learning style and its position in the process of cognitive and metacognitive learning. The thesis contains theoretical concepts from given sphere and empirical research of the influence of approach to learning on the successful command of task of metacognitive training. In the introductory theoretical part, there are defined the terms of cognitive learning, perspective on problems from the point of view of different psychological schools; it also defies motivational sphere and performance predispositions as intervene variable. There are mentioned concrete systems of receiving and decoding information and their affect on the theory of learning style as a metacognitive factor. Pedagogical context deals with theories of education, which create the ground for practical use of knowledge, gained from empirical research. The second part of thesis contains the research, which surveys the correlation of successful processing of metacognitive interventions and preferred learning style. The research pointed out the potential possibility of changing the approach to learning by increasing the level of metacognitive skills and using the higher levels of thinking. It was also uncovered, that everybody is potentially able to enlarge the metacognitive skills, no matter what...
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The Spirituality of the Lay and the New Church Movements
Bukovský, Lukáš ; Kohut, Pavel Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
Spirituality of laymen and new church movements Bachelor study, named "Spirituality of laymen and new church movements" is describing incresement of laymen`s sense, especially after The Second Vatican`s Council and their spirituality, which is more and more realised in new church movements and communities. Study advancing through the continuity of themes, which are stepwise describing and defining main points of the laymen`s spirituality and new church movements. Conclusion of this study describes common activity of new movements and communities in Czech republic. Key words Spirituality, laymen, new movements, new evangelization, Pentecost.
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Ethical Perspectives on Marriage
JELÍNKOVÁ, Eva
The work analyzes marriage from ethical perspective, in particular from the Christian ethical perspective. It highlights changes in understanding of fidelity and indissolubility of marriage in biblical and Christian tradition. Current attitudes within the Czech society towards marriage are confirmed by empirical research. This research points to an ongoing transformation of how marriage and family life have been understood {--} starting with the traditional views and ending with the modern views on marriage, family, and unfaithfulness in marriage. The main part of my work deals with the question of fidelity in marriage {--} whether it remains an undisputable value in today{\crq}s society, or it is rather only a nonproduktive ``Christian ideal.{\crq}q Important question we face today is how to promote the value of married life. From the perspective of an individual, parental education is of utmost importance. From the perspective of social ethics, schools and mass media should be encouraged to promote the positive elements of married life and fidelity in marriage as well as.
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Rupert Sheldrake and scientific controversy
Hrouda, Jan ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Balon, Jan (referee)
Closer look on scientific controversies points at the limits of contemporary thinking and scientific understanding of the world. It places knowledge into a historical context and opens up the question of dominant paradigms. This text discusses the social and historical conditions of scientific controversy aroused by Rupert Sheldrake's hypothesis of morphic resonance. In the first part we summarize relevant findings of sociology of science, opinions of a character of controversies and consensus in science. Next follows analysis of the controversy. Hypothesis itself is introduced, along with reactions it generated among collegues. In these texts we focus on statements referring to paradigm or more generally to discourse. Then we trace origins of this discourse to elucidate its historical conditionality, its "weight" and power, but also changes it has gone through. In the final part we discuss the difficulties related to overstepping a paradigm/discourse, linked with socially constructed concepts of space, time, matter and causality inherent in paradigms and discourses.
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The insurance fraud issue in the Czech Republic
Svoboda, Lukáš ; Hejda, Jan (advisor) ; Bednář, Jan (referee)
The thesis is being concerned with one of the serious criminal acts causing each year damages worth hundrends of millions Czech crowns. The main aim of the thesis is to provide a complex view of the problems. The thesis analyses the issue from both legal and economic angle of view, deals with the insurance fraud typology and proves the theory by evidence of particular cases. The thesis thereinafter discovers causations of commiting insurance frauds and describes the insurence fraud abatment. In the end the thesis tries to disclose the weak points of the system of prevention, to point at them and to come up with the improvement suggestions and recommendations.
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Patients Dignity in Ethical Codex of Nurses and in Use
Wichsová, Jana ; Haškovcová, Helena (advisor) ; Strobachová, Ingrid (referee)
In proposed thesis is thematized the problematic of human dignity with accent on medical use. In theoretical part is treated philosophical dimension of dignity and its embodiment in the international Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, in national laws as well in ethical codices of nurses. In practical part was provided the research with aim to examine the attitude of the nurses and the patients themselves on evidence of patients dignity in nursing. Resulting summary compares the points of view of the nurses and the patients on dignity in nursing. Final recommandation for the change of current situation is adressed to the pedagogues engaged in qualifying education of nurses and lifelong learning, to the professional associations represented in Czech Republic by nurses, to the teamleaders at medical posts, as well to nurses themselves and not at last to the patients.
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Adult education and inequality in access to education from gender perspective
Kolářová, Michaela ; Neusarová, Jana (referee) ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor)
In my bachelor work I deal with a topic of inequalities in education and inequalities in the access to education from gender perspective. It is a very wide and multidisciplinary topic. In my bachelor work it is possible to find in fact four points of view. General characteristics come from the sociological point of view - here I deal with inequalities generally, I give explanation why they exit, what they kinds are and then I explain the meaning of "gender" and after in the text I deal with traditional sociological theory, which is social stratification in the view of dealt topics. Next view of inequalities from gender perspective I got from historical theory - with its help I deal with the history of women's education in the Czech Republic and how the women tried to reach formal education till today. Then I deal with this topic from the view of pedagogical theory - theory about education. I try to look into the most common mistakes made by the authors of the school materials as well as by teachers and at the same time I try to give them a manual how to avoid these mistakes and how correct gender sensitive education should look like. At last I deal with today's situation in women's education in the Czech Republic and a topic close to it - labour market.
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