|
Changing perceptions of waqf in the Egyptian society (1805-1953)
Melčák, Miroslav ; Veselý, Rudolf (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee)
Waqf (pI. 'awqi() emerged in the first century after the birth of Islam, and spread to the whole of the Middle East to become one of the most distinctive features of its societies. Although waqfs played many different socio-economic roles, their significance has up to now usually been described by means of the dichotomic concept distinguishing between waqf chayri (charitable endowment) and waqf 'ahli (family endowment), the first having been established as a kind of charity to provide free social services to the population (mainly mosques and madrasas), the latter as a tool for evading inheritance rules (ilm al-jarii'i), which, if applied, would cause the fragmentation of properties into uneconomical units. This concept originated in the period of the 19th and 20th centuries when the new legislation was beeing produced in Middle East countries to restrain waqf as an obstacle to social and economic progress. The thesis traces a history of this dichotomic concept in the context of modem Egypt. First it discusses the waqf policy of Mul).ammad cAli in the first half of the 19th century, then the development of the central waqfbureau up to the end of the 19th century, and the process of conferring property rights to the land which caused an unprecedented expansion of family-like endowments during the first half...
|
|
In situ Luminescence Detection of Singlet Oxygen
Vyklický, Vojtěch ; Dědic, Roman (advisor) ; Mojzeš, Peter (referee)
The thesis summarises already published results of singlet oxygen luminiscence detection in relation to photodynamic therapy treatment. The spectroscopic and photosensitising properties of the photosensitizer TMPyP and their comparison with already published properties of TPPS4 are presented. Also the inuence of phosphatidylcholine on photosensitising properties of TPP and singlet oxygen lifetime was investigated. The thesis is mainly focused on adaptation and optimisation of experimental setup for singlet oxygen luminescence deteciton from the surface of solid samples with time and spectral resolution using optical fibres with luminescence probe. The usability was tested on polymer matrix (PMMA or polystyrene) containing protoporphyrine IX. Finally, the kinetics of singlet oxygen phosphorescence measured from surface of thin layer of 3T3 murine fibroblasts containing TPPS4 or TMPyP are presented. Thereby the feasibility of singlet oxygen detection in situ was demonstrated using this setup.
|
|
Photochromic effect in nanoporous titanium dioxide film with Ag nanocrystals
Galář, Pavel ; Malý, Petr (advisor) ; Dohnalová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is devoted to multicolour photochromic effect in nanocomposite material Ag-TiO2, which is caused by a spectrally selective photoinduced decrease in extinction. The Thesis introduces briefly the theory of particle plasmons which are of fundamental significance for the investigated phenomenon. A short summary of the models and results published on photochromic effect in Ag-TiO2 is than given. The core of thesis deals with the optimization of this nanocomposite material towards a high photochromatic response. The influence of concentration of the TiO2 solution and of the speed of its spin coating deposition on a substrate was measured. Also the effect of AgNO3 quality used for sample preparation was monitored. A change in the extinction was found to depend on parameters of the excitation laser beam too. As a part of the optimization process, also the alternative TiO2 matrixes produced on basis of lamellar micelles were tested. The photochromic effect was monitored by measurements of the light extinction and scattering in dependence on the sample photoexposition. The properties of a set of the high-quality samples were studied using photoluminescence spectroscopy. Measurements of the photoluminescence decay with subpicosecond time resolution by up-conversion technique as well as of the...
|
|
Interakce umělé fotosyntetické antény s akceptory elektronů
Dostál, Jakub ; Pšenčík, Jakub (advisor) ; Fejfar, Antonín (referee)
The use of bacteriochlorophyll aggregates as a sensitizer for dye-sensitized cell has been studied in this work. Bacteriochlorophyll aggregates exhibit unique light-harvesting properties combining high optical density, long-term stability and exciton delocalization. Preparation of the GrÄatzel type photovoltaic cells has been successfully managed during this research. The cells were sensitized by bacteriochlorophyll c both in monomeric and aggregated form, and were characterized by measuring photoinduced current, voltage and other properties. As a part of this work a theoretical model of reversible two-level photovoltaic cell was derived from the thermodynamic principles. Predictions of this model are compared with experimental data and with published results.
|
|
Support for Incident and Problem Management on Computer Network at University of Economics
Bank, Michal ; Pavlíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Matuška, Miroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on incident and problem management on computer network at University of Economics, Prague. Its goal is to study available models used in network management, analyze current status of network management support tools used at University of Economics and design and implement an application for effective diagnosis of network incidents based on this analysis. Information about network management models will be acquired from available sources -- primarily ITIL v3 and also online information published on the Web. The final part of this thesis is a fully functional web-based application which will be used by helpdesk operators to support them in finding event information in historical log files. This application will then be deployed on servers in University of Economics, Prague.
|
|
Financial analysis PKS MONT, joint stock company
Strnad, Jakub ; Kopkáně, Heřman (advisor) ; Neubauer, Edmund (referee)
The financial analysis of a company is a substantial instrument in the uncovering study of a financial health, credibility and ability to create the added value for the owners of the company and further partial indicators which are helpful for understanding of the present stage of the company. It may also concern the individual fluctuations and consequent results with their causes. The information capacity of the financial analysis depends to the certain extent on the used input data which we are going to use for the composition analysis. From the knowledge of this finding follows who is the beneficiary of the financial analysis or who will be the final user making decisions on the basis of this evidence. The financial analysis of PKS MONT, joint stock company was made through freely accessible data to the public, as they are published together with their update on the internet. Bearing in mind the importance of this project, which must meet the high standards in introducing it into the real situation together with providing the feedback to the already made decisions for executive directors of the particular company. Meanwhile, it was necessary to make more accurate these findings through the public data. The data correction itself could not take place without internal basic documents. The method of partial corrections has been determined on the basis of these documents. These partial corrections have led to volume eliminations which were a burden in the informational channel of the company. As the primary goal of this project was to work out the financial analysis for the need of the company management itself, it was the most suitable to choose such indicators, whose aptitudes would provide a comprehensible picture of the real situation. To meet this requirement four areas are going to be used: assessment of the property structure of the company including source coverage, the comparison of partial indicators with trends of market development and the declaration of following hypotheses, application of the modern indicators with the objective to find out the investor company potential together with meeting the owners` demands last but not least the determination of methodological procedures for the improvement of accounting records. Thanks to the methods mentioned above and with the help of the financial analysis, comprehensive insight has been reach on the company itself from the point of view of the individual within dynamic competitive environment having large potential in the coming future.
|
|
Marketing communication and publication of the new book on the book market
Vášková, Kateřina ; Zamazalová, Marcela (advisor) ; Vávra, Oldřich (referee)
The objective of the Diploma thesis is monitoring of promotional activities of the publishing house Maxdorf, made in context of publication of the book "Slovník nespisovné češtiny". The work focuses on distribution of the book to the partner net of bookstores in the Czech Republic and on activities supporting of the sell. The results of promotion will be compared with costs spent on the promotion and also with revenue from sold prints. In the conclusion, possible occasions and threats that can affect sell and promotion of the "Slovník nespisovné češtiny" will be described.
|
|
A Media Picture of Eating Disorders
Sittová, Gabriela ; Duplinský, Josef (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
My thesis concerns the subject of media presentation of eating disorders and its characteristics and evaluation in Czech press and on the Internet. The aim of my work is to uncover what information about eating disorders are available in media, to analyse their content accuracy and to detect their possible effects on the public. To examine the articles, published between January 2004 and November 2005, I chose the method of content analysis. The results have been divided into categories according to different topics, content accuracy and personal evaluations of the authors of the articles. In conclusion my thesis takes into consideration the influence of the media on the body image ideal promotion, growing dissatisfaction with body and tendency to decline the weight and to form the physique. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
Using Artificial Neural Networks to Study Non-Linear Properties of Single Neurons in the Auditory Cortex
Hromádka, Tomáš ; Kůrková, Věra (advisor) ; Maršálek, Petr (referee)
Neurony v naších mozcích převádějí informace o okolním světě do elektrických akčních potenciálů. Klíčem k pochopení funkce neuronů, a poté neuronových sítí a mozku, je vědět, které části okolního světa jsou zastoupeny v aktivitě neuronů, a jakým způsobem je tato informace kódována. Tradiční metodou zkoumání funkce neuronu je zaznamenání odpovědi neuronu na podněty různé složitosti a následně snaha vysvětlit přenosovou funkci neuronu pomocí lineárního modelu. Většina neuronů však obsahuje nelineární přenosovou funkci. V této práci jsme použili umělé neuronové sítě ke studiu nelineárních přenosových funkcí neuronů sluchové kůry. Zaznamenali jsme podprahovou aktivitu neuronů jako odpověď na stimulaci přirozenými zvuky a poté jsme použili neuronové sítě v roli nelineárních aproximátorů k odhadu přenosových funkcí neuronů. Umělé neuronové sítě úspěšně aproximovali přenosové funkce a v průměru odhadli funkce neuronů nejméně stejně dobře jako lineární modely. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
Single-Image License Plate Recognition
Vala, Tomáš ; Winkler, Zbyněk (referee) ; Štanclová, Jana (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with analysis and design of an automatic system for a single-image license plate (LP) recognition. Input data came from a system for car speed measurement on the roads in the emirate of Abu Dhabi (the United Arab Emirates). A goal is to recognize a numeric identi cation code on a LP and a type of the LP. In details there are discussed individual parts of the system for LP recognition. A particular stress is put on segmentation and grouping of individual characters to be able to utilize specific information on the LP from Abu Dhabi during the character recognition. The diploma thesis compares several methods for character recognition - a minimum distance classi er, feed-forward neural networks and hidden Markov models. The methods (and some modifications of them) are tested on real data and compared according to the percentage of correctly recognized digits (at fi rst the digits were manually classi ffied). Wrongly recognized LPs are undesirable. Instead in some cases it is better to mark the LP as "unrecognized". That's why there were introduced sophisticated tests for recognized digits reliability veri cation. A summary of our own results is included.
|
guest ::
