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Vascular Calcification and Bone Demineralization in Patiens with Chronic Renal Failure
Mareš, Jan ; Opatrná, Sylvie (advisor) ; Topolčan, Ondřej (referee) ; Spustová, Viera (referee) ; Štěpán, Jan (referee)
Background: Patients treated with chronic dialysis show extreme mortality, particularly due to cardiovascular disease. Renal failure is associated with different risk factors of cardiovascular complications than those defined for non-renal population. One of these factors, currently considered most important, are vascular calcifications. At the same time, patients on dialysis regularly suffer from derrangements of calcium-phosphate metabolism, including skeletal demineralization. As a consequence, both incidence and prevalence of bone fractures are high. Aims: This study therefore investigates vascular calcifications and skeletal demineralization, their clinical implications and associations in patients treated with long-term dialysis. Methods: Two groups of patients were examined in a prospective manner (follow-up > 1 year); 32 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis and 72 treated with regular hemdodialysis. Treatment parameters and biochemical markers of calcium-phosphate metabolism were monitored throughout the study. Bone mineral density of lumbar spine (together with vertebral fractures) as well as coronary artery, valvular and aortic calcifcations were determined repeatedly. All radiological parameters were measured during one computed-tomography scanning session. Results: A significant...
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Development of international trade of the Czech republic with Asian countries, to which territorial preferences are exercised
Kalousová, Tereza ; Kalínská, Emílie (advisor) ; Lukáš, Zdeněk (referee)
In terms of the Export strategy of the Czech Republic for the period from 2006 and 2010, the Czech government has created a registry of priority countries in the individual regions of the world, with which it would be beneficial to develop mutual commercial relationship due to the high dynamics of the economic growth in these countries. From the Asian region, I have chosen the Socialist Republic of Vietnam for my analysis of mutual foreign cooperation. In the first chapter, the foreign trade situation of the Czech Republic is analyzed. Consequently, in the second chapter, I continue with the introduction of the export policy of the Czech Republic. The third chapter describes the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in detail and the last part of my work deals with bilateral relationships between the Czech Republic and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and with the shape of the commercial and political side of the foreign cooperation.
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Cleft patient and oral health
Hanáčková, Jitka ; Gojišová, Eva (advisor)
Inborn defects also include cleft palate and lip. They occur relatively often. In Czech Republic 1 out of 520 born children will suffer from certain type of cleft disorder. They are due to internal and external causes and their combinations. The exact cause of these defects is still unknown. They are probably due to increased susceptibility (genetical predisposition} to various factors resposible for the cleft defects. Nowadays, with high specialties in medical field, plastic surgeon cannot alone succesfully treat defect, which affects so many organs and functions. It is needed to have a coorporation with specialists from other medical fields such as pediatrician, phoniatric specialist, speech therapist, stomatologist, ortodentist, genetic counseler and psychologist. Plastic surgeon carries out series of operations to close the defect, corrects deformities in surrounding tissue and can in coorporation with odontonist help to correct jaw deformities in adulthood. THIS GROUP OF PATIENTS needs more frequent check-ups and more vigorous care from stomatologists than healthy population- at least once in two months. Than the state of each tooth, their erruption and condition of the soft tissue is examined. Number of children with this condition is not small. Due to communication betwen nasal and oral cavity,...
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Expression of cholinergic gene locus in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Zimčík, Pavel
(anglický jazyk) The most common senile dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), is characterized by a decline of memory and high cognitive functions. Typical post-mortem brain lesions are extracellular amyloid deposits, intracellular neurofibrilary tangles and ruined cholinergic and other neurotransmitters systems. Connection between damaged central cholinergic system and beta-amyloid accumulation remains obscure. We examined parietal cortex of young adult (7- month-old) female APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice which develope beta-amyloid fragments at high rate. Cholinergic synapses of these mice demonstrate functional presynaptic (stimulated acetylcholine release) as well as postsynaptic (muscarinic receptor-induced Gprotein activation) deficits and reduction of cholinergic markers. The mRNA levels of choline acetyltransferase, vesicular acetylcholine transporter and M1 to M4 subtypes of muscarinic receptors were determined in transgenic and littermate controls using qPCR. Obtained experimental data does not show any changes in measured mRNA levels. These observations indicate that reduction of cholinergic synaptic markers and function is due to posttranscriptional events.
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Chelating polymers for the therapy of Wilson's disease
Mattová, Jana ; Poučková, Pavla (advisor) ; Sedláková, Zdeňka (referee) ; Vávrová, Jiřina (referee)
Wilson's disease is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism, which causes copper accumulation in organism, especially in the liver, kidneys and brain. Current treatment is based on using low-molecular weight copper chelators and high doses of zinc salts. Unfortunately, they can induce some severe side effects due to systemic action. The aim of this thesis is to improve the treatment of Wilson's disease by using of polymeric drug delivery systems. The size of polymer particles in tens of microns should provide non-resorbability of the drug after oral administration. Synthetic microparticles of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co- ethylene dimethacrylate), natural microcrystalline cellulose and cross-linked chitosan were used as polymer matrices. N,N-di(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, triethylenetetraamine and 8-hydroxyquinoline were selected as specific copper chelators, which can complex copper cations with high efficiency. The principle of the proposed treatment is that the polymeric carrier-bound chelator complex copper directly from the food in digestive tract of the organism. Because of non-resorbability, the entire complex should be eliminated from the body together with stools. This virtually eliminates systemic side effects. The ability of adsorption of copper and the stability of polymer complex under...
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Development of progressive polymer anchor material
Žlebek, Tomáš ; Jakubík, Aleš (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with development of a new progressive anchor material on the polymer base. Nowadays, it is effort to utilize secondary raw materials in building industry as much as possible both from an environmental aspects in order to save primary energy sources and the reduction of waste and also due to economic reasons. Therefore, there is an effort to utilize high amount of suitable and appropriately treated secondary raw materials into the anchor materials. The main aim of this work is to develop high quality anchor material characterized by excellent ratio between speed and strength growth, high chemical resistance, thermal resistance and particularly minimal shrinkage. This new material is designed especially for anchoring building structures heavy machines steel barriers and other elements.
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Authorship Identification
Fabiánek, Ondřej ; Škoda, Petr (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with authorship identification based on knowledge of author's previous texts. The aim is to analyze existing methods of authorship attribution and create a system, which is capable of highly successful authorship identification. The system is based on a multivariate analysis and specializes at English books. Part of the solution is also a graphic user interface.
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The place of worship. Reflection of the arrangement of the church.
Kupka, Jiří ; Kotas, Jan (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
Building a new church and its arrangement impersonate a difficult task for an architect. No less difficult challenge is the reconstruction, upkeep or modification of inner alignment of a historical church. It needs from all concerned subjects - the architect, the submitter and the user (but also offices, conservationists, inhabitants) - basic knowledge about the most important aspects of conception of church, or liturgical space, which has not only its architectonical and functional site, but also a deep symbolical and theological meaning. The church has many requirements about the church building, which are described in many documents of different character. The other information (coming from millennial development and experience with sacral architecture) is involved in theological literature and other sources. Object of this study is making up a simple guide book summarizing all basic requirements (architectonical, artistic, urbanistic, landscape planning, functional and operational, conservationistical and on the other hand theological and symbolical) of building and alignment of a church or liturgical space, its parts (altar, ambon, sedes). For potential readers (architects, students of historical studies, conservationists, historians of art, officers and housekeepers) this study summarize...
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Využití e-learningu ve výuce odborného výcviku vybrané SOŠ
Holoubek, David
The major objective of this Bachelor's thesis is the possibility of using e-learning methods in vocational education at secondary schools. Educational material on Intelligent Buildings presented in an e-form is created in this work. The proposed learning material and its tools are processed in the form of an electronic course book and lecture, and in the form of a video and a power point presentation. This educational material will be used in vocational training at Secondary School of Information Techno-logy, and Postal and Financial Services, Čichnova 23, Brno, and will be primarily used by students with poor school attendance in order to fill their knowledge gaps. The theoretical part of the Bachelor's thesis deals with the analysis of distance education and e-learning. The main aim of this part is to find and describe advantages and disadvantages of distance learning, possible types of communication between stu-dents and a teacher, and a team composition which is responsible for the creation of the courses. The second part of this section involves the description of the system in which e-learning courses can be created. The goal of the practical part is the creation of an e-learning course in the Moodle system which will include educational material processed in four different variants, and also a didactic test intended to test the knowledge of the participants.
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Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa - causes, impacts, solutions
Svitáková, Lucie ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to highlight the issue of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the first part I give the definition of poverty and indicators which are used for its measurement. It also determines the factors that lead to poverty in this area. The second part deals with the characteristics of the main problems that arise from the existence of poverty. It includes mainly a lack of access to basic needs, high debts and unequal opportunities in international trade. The last chapter focuses on some of the many tools that could lead to eradication of poverty such as the Millennium Development Goals, debt relief and the concept of Fairtrade. The paper draws upon both Czech and foreign books and Internet resources, especially the annual reports, statistics and databases of international institutions.
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