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The expressiveness of experience: a structural and phenomenological account of the Russian formalists' "aesthetic of estrangement"
Flack, Patrick ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
In their seminal studies in literary theory and poetics, the Russian formalists (Šklovskij, Tynjanov, Jakobson, etc.) famously claim that aesthetic experience amounts to a self-valuable, concrete act of perception functionally induced and conditioned by the formal structure of a work of art or literature. This aesthetic principle, christened by Šklovskij as "estrangement" (ostranenie), played an instrumental role in the formalists' contribution to the establishment and development of literary theory as an autonomous scientific discipline. It has also regularly inspired other thinkers and provided the impetus for productive new insights on art or literature, a fact that seems to underline its acuity and relevance. At the same time however, the formalists' "strange" account of art and literature has been routinely disparaged for being altogether inadequate, philosophically flimsy and descriptively too narrow. Critics have pointed out that the formalists' assertions on the topic of perception rest but on a set of ad hoc psychological hypotheses and are overly determined by their specific scientific aims and modernist prejudices. Worse, the principle of estrangement has been credibly attacked for being semiotically naïve and for stripping art and literature of any "content" or meaning, to say nothing...
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The siege of Olomouc in 1758 and its contemporary reflection
Borovský, Jiří ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Stellner, František (advisor)
The main topic of this thesis is a Prussian campaign which took place at the beginning of the third year of the war. It was then that Moravia got into the centre of war efforts. First, the thesis analyzes events which preceded this campaign. Apart from that, situation on other battlefields and initial positions of both opponents (Austria and Prussia) are dealt with. Particular attention is paid to political and predominantly military-strategic reasons which made the King of prussia decide to attack Austria. The analysis of the military campaign itself is anchored in older sources written in German. Correspondence of the main partakers, especially of the King of Prussia and the supreme royal army command, is used to provide a disinterested contemporary view of the issue. Memoirs of contemporaries, just as a diary of a burgher which experienced the siege of Olomouc, are used to depict the situation as well.
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Last horizont of the house number 2 in Pistiros (architecture contrast with connections of finds)
Mačková, Marcela ; Bouzek, Jan (referee) ; Musil, Jiří (advisor)
The subject of this work deals with descripriton of archeological research on emporion Pistiros, which lies close the Plovdiv in west side of Hornothrack lowland along the river Marici. His position had strategic meaning because it presented important join with Aegean sea. In ancient world the town was found by settlers from Thassos and worked as business station. The name of emporion we know because of the stone notice found not far off Roman road station. Archeological researches on this locality have been leading already a lot of years. Czech expedition researched mainly the house number 2., which is with its work structure similar to houses on other localities just like in Olynth or Priéné where we are able to look for parallels. Found material acknowledges not only business but either craft usage of the house. The discovery of large collection of coins which was saved below the floor of the building is prooving this fact. This all happened as a result of invasion of Kelts which has been guessed to cause the ruin of emporion.
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The Maya Indian as a Tourist Construction
Součková, Kristina ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
The anthropology of tourism is a dynamically developing sub-discipline of anthropology dealing with man as the main actor of the tourist industry. In my thesis, I attempt to show that tourism is a two-sided phenomenon - just as the human desire to travel is the main reason for the existence of the tourist industry, then tourism also affects the thinking of man. In particular, I deal with the notions that tourists have of Mayan Indians, and how these notions are indirectly and directly formed.
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Castle Střekov as a symbol of Ústí nad Labem in the 19th and 20th century
Janečková, Kristýna ; Míšková, Alena (referee) ; Zilynskyj, Bohdan (advisor)
5.0 Nemecke resume - Zusammenfassung Das Thema dieser Magisterarbeit ist die Wahrnehmung der Burg Schreckenstein (Stfekov) als Symbol der Stadt Aussig (Usti nad Labern) und ihrer Umgebung des EIbetals im Böhmischen Mittelgebirge, und als Erinnerungsort der Region. Der Zeitraum beinhaltet das 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Es geht um die Zeit, als die vor dem Jahre 1319 gegründete Burg, schon lange ihre ursprüngliche Funktion als Wachtburg, Zollstation und Sitz des Adels nicht erfüllte, wurde nicht mehr eine Wirtschaftseinheit und wurde langsam zum gesuchten Touristenziel und Inspiration für die Künstler. Darum wurde als Quelle vor allem die zeitgenössische Literatur, wie Touristenführer, Monographien über die Burg, topographische Literatur und regionale Periodika, benutzt. Die Arbeit wird chronologisch nach den einzelnen Zeitabschnitten gegliedert. Die erste erforschte Periode ist die Zeit der Romantik in der 1. Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Auf der Burg, seit 1563 im Besitz des Adelsgeschlechts Lobkowicz, wurden die ersten Baureparaturen durchgeführt, die sie vor dem weiteren Verfall schützen und auch dem wachsenden Touristenverkehr anpassen sollen. Schreckenstein wurde zur Inspiration für die - vor allem bildenden - Künstler, die seine romantische Lage in der Landschaft hervorheben. Von den berühmten Besuchern...
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Long-term unemployment in Czech repiblic 1998 - 2008
Jílková, Lenka ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Mládek, Josef (referee)
In 2007 came into force amendments to the social security system in the Czech Republic. Agreed amendments aim to strengthen the motivation to enter and remain in the labour market, favouring those who seek to improve their situation through their own effort and unfavouring people living just on welfare benefits. There was thus a redefinition of the social benefits and their construction. And there was a significant reduction in unemployment in 2007. This thesis entitled "Developing long-term unemployment in the years 1998 - 2008" assesses the impact of these changes on the level of unemployment, special attention is paid to long-term unemployment. The work is not overlooked by the economic situation of the Czech Republic in the years 1998 - 2008.
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The Labour Office and its role in solving unemployment
Stádníková, Jana ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Procházková, Eva (referee)
Resumé This diploma thesis is aimed at the task of labour office solving unemployment issues. Labour offices are specialized administrative authorities which fall within the competence of Ministry of labour and social affairs. I have chosen this topic in consideration of the global economic crisis and the current problems of unemployment which reached the alarming 9,9 % at the end of March 2010. The first chapter pays attention to the historical development of labour offices in Czechoslovakia, more precisely in the Czech republic since the formation of Czechoslovakia in 1918 till nowadays. This chapter clearly shows how employment policy can be influenced by political establishment of a country and what impact it can have on the social standards of its inhabitants. The following chapter deals with the right to work and the right to be employed which is contained in Czech, European and international documents. The right to work and the right to be employed has an international basis which was followed by the Czech repulic and which inspired the Czech republic to form the general ground of the Czech legal regulation. The third chapter presents the determination of applicability of labour office and the competence confided to labour offices in accordance with Employment Act, No.435/2004 Coll. The labour office...
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Devastated Landscape in urban Periphery
Kubínová, Tereza ; Dvořák, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Cikánová, Karla (referee)
The subject of devastated landscape in urban periphery context is in my thesis presented as art solution for art activity. Individual devastated landscapes are then closely defined by actual urban periphery. The basis for structure of the theoretical part of the thesis is practical, art part. Chapters about urban periphery, genius loci, destructive and creative processes, which in the urban periphery occur and about its aesthetics constitute the core of the theoretical part. The art context is focused on changes of the understanding of the fine arts especially in the first half of the 20th century. Those changes caused the topic to be considered as a part of the art material with specific symbolic meaning. The detail in the landscape, which it by its characteristic creates, is the reason for the attention this topic gains. The evolution of the fine arts based on those changes is described in the following chapters. The practical part of the thesis is based on artwork, which is represented by a collection of paintings and assemblages that were inspired by the motives of devastation in the urban periphery context. One of the objects, which are being used, as an art subject, is litter. The meaning of the litter is then transformed. The didactic part of the thesis consists of variety of themes based on the...
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Mimesis in abstract painting
FOUSKOVÁ, Veronika
Is realistic painting more mimetic than the reflection of artist´s heart shown by colours? The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the abstract painting is mimetic just like the realistic painting. The paper comes out from Aristotle´s Poetics. In Poetics, the mimesis means a way to the knowledge which is peculiar to people. Crucial impulses for this paper come from Hans-Georg Gadamer´s thought. Hans-Georg Gadamer was inspirated by Aristotle, but there are particular differences between thought of Gadamer´s and Aristotle´s, and these are the reason for comparing. In Gadamer´s case it is important to explain his concepts which are related to imitation.
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Nursing documentation by the home nursing care
CHMELAŘOVÁ, Zdeňka
Nursing documentation is currently still very hot topic. Perhaps because they are still many health workers (physicians and non-physicians) sufficiently understand the importance and seriousness of this document. The documentation not only provides valid information about the client and his health, but also ensures continuous flow its nursing care and ultimately became a piece of evidence in case of litigation. Documentation can also be used for education and research purposes. Home care is a field that has recently rapidly growing and gaining in popularity. As part of primary and community care nursing provides clients in its natural, familiar and domestic environment, which is a big advantage for him, he does not spend his days in hospital, which is economically difficult anyway. Home Care provides health care services indicated by the treating physician or practitioner and are paid for by health insurance. This thesis deals with the nursing documentation in home care agencies, which aims to describe the demographic impacts on the use of nursing documentation, check the attitude of nurses from selected agencies of home care to nursing documentation and analyze the nursing documentation in selected home care agencies. The thesis is composed of two parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part deals with the history of home care, statistical data shows the growth of agencies, their employees and clients, providing comprehensive home care and medical documentation. The empirical part was realized in the form of qualitative research. The information was gathered in-depth interview technique, which was compiled from 1 identification questions and 11 open-ended questions that formed the framework for the entire interview. In fact, respondents to individually comment on the issue to the extent that they saw fit. The research group consisted of seven sisters of different age, education and length of experience, currently working from home care. Due to fears nurses were promised total anonymity, so you can just tell that they were sisters from ADP capital city of Prague and Central Bohemia. Complementary research was conducted in seven home care agencies for the same regions, but any of nurses does not belong to the Agency from the second survey. In the first phase of the research we examined the influence of nurses' demographic factors such as age, education or length of experience in the management of nursing documentation and own attitudes of nurses from selected agencies in the management of nursing documentation. The research sample consisted of seven nurses working in home care agencies that were selected purposefully and were willing to cooperate in research. In the second phase of the research we tried to analyze individual nursing documentation of selected home care agencies. For this part, we chose seven agencies, which have been their leadership under the promise of anonymity willing to cooperate. The research investigation set up three goals and three research questions. The first objective was to describe the demographic impacts on the use of nursing documentation. The second objective was to determine the attitude of nurses from selected agencies of home care to nursing documentation. The third objective was to analyze the nursing documentation in selected home care agencies. At the outset of the investigation, we asked the following questions: they influence the management of the nursing documentation demographic factors such as age, education or length of practice nurses? What attitudes toward nursing documentation occupy the sisters from selected home care agencies? Correspond to different parts of the nursing documentation with the phases of the nursing process? Results of the research can be an inspiration not only for the nursing management ADP, but also for the nurses working in home care agencies throughout the Czech Republic, only selected agencies.
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