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Altitude as factor influencing genetic structure of populations
Havelková, Markéta ; Munclinger, Pavel (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
Altitudinal gradient creates favorable system for research of populations from different altitudes and the influence of both neutral evolutionary processes and local conditions on their genetic structure. Adaptation of different genotypes to the local conditions is generally attributed to clinal variability of genetically determined features and geographic variation of phenotypes in populations. Thanks to their different adaptations to specific environments, genetic drift and possibly limited gene flow, populations can show significant variability that may lead to speciation events. Altitude represents selective pressure for organisms primarily due to reduced partial oxygen pressure, lowered temperature and increased exposure to UV light. Genetic differences created due to location of the population on altitude gradient can be evaluated based on the nature of climate change. There is strong evidence for the importance of altitude adaptations at molecular level for certain key genes, particularly for hemoglobin and mitochondrial genes.
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Classification of landslides in selected areas of the Ethiopian Highland
Schreiberová, Kateřina ; Vilímek, Vít (advisor) ; Kusák, Michal (referee)
CLASSIFICATION OF LANDSLIDES IN SELECTED AREAS OF THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLAND ABSTRACT This thesis is an introduction to landslides and how they are triggered and occur on the tectonic pattern in the Ethiopian Highland, which borders with the Great Rift Valley. Included in this thesis are types of classifications of landslides. Especially on base of the main mechanics of mass wasting movement are the landslides classified in investigation part. The methodology of landslide investigation is based on remote sensing. Further discussed is the methodology used in landslide investigation in general, as well as the causes of downhill movements in landslide prone areas of the Ethiopian Highland. Keywords: landslides, Ethiopian Highland, remote sensing, elevation
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Bird assemblage structure on elevational gradient of Mt. Cameroon
Mudrová, Karolína ; Sedláček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Sam, Kateřina (referee)
Altitudinal gradients represent useful tool for investigating diversity patterns and processes affecting species richness and turnover along steep gradient of conditions at relatively small scale. The aim of my study was to compile a complete checklist of birds for elevational gradient of Mt. Cameroon rainforests (300 - 2300 m a.s.l.) and to analyse distribution of species diversity, species turnover, elevational ranges and relationships between elevational distribution of species and their range size, body weight or diet type. Species richness on the elevational gradient of Mt. Cameroon decline monotonically with some plateau at 600 - 1000 m a.s.l. Changes of community composition along the gradient are caused mainly by species turnover at low elevations, which contrast to pattern above 1200 m a.s.l. where the betadiversity is influenced mainly by continual species loss (nestedness). Species elevational ranges increase with increasing elevation, which is in agreement with elevational Rapoport's rule. Species breeding at higher elevations have smaller geographical ranges, restricted to isolated islands of montane rainforests. Numbers of insectivorous species are rapidly decreasing with increasing elevation, proportion of nectarivorous species is rather invariable and number of granivorous species...
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Aspects of the movement in the alpine environment, with emphasis on altitude sickness
Szotkowská, Lucie ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pokorný, Ladislav (referee)
This thesis is focused on aspects of mountains activities as a ski touring, hiking and mountaineering. This field of sports are associated with the risk of altitude sickness. The thesis examines key parameters that contribute to the emergence of altitude sickness. The other examinees parameters are weather conditions, influence of high altitude, physical training and physiological manifestations of individual person. The aim of this thesis was find out which sports are the most affected by high altitude sickness. And what are the most common symptoms of altitude sickness. It was based on the literature and questionnaire.
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Effect of key factors on dynamics of a snow cover evolution in Šumava Mts. conditions
Fliegl, Ondřej ; Kocum, Jan (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jan (referee)
Master thesis is concerned with the subject of a snow cover dynamics (focused on snow melting) and of the detailed analysis of each physical-geographic factors effect on its character. Knowledges published in the domestic and foreign scientific literature are confronted with the data acquired within a number of expeditionary snow monitoring campaignes carried out during winter periods 2011/2012 a 2012/2013 in headwaters of rivers of Šumava (Šumava Mts., southwestern Czechia). Mobile field survey was done in a number of time horizons within the broadly conceived research in the upper Otava River basin concentrated on the assessment of the retention potential in headstream areas.
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Diversity of the molluscs of Central Europaean Mountains
Kopalová, Zuzana ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Jana (referee)
This thesis summarizes environmental factors which influence both species richness and abundance of mollusc fauna, and it also describes molluscs' diverzity of the Czech Republic mountain areas. The abundance and species richness of mollusc assemblages are influenced mostly by accessibility of Ca together with correlated pH of soil, humidity, woodland structure together with character of litter, decomposed wood amount, and altitude. Results of number studies on these topics do not correspond to each other. The species diverzity of twelve mountain areas in the Czech Republic were described and 182 species (about 74 % molluscs fauna in the Czech Republic) were recorded. While east-west gradient is apparent for Carpathian species spreading, Alpine species are spreading to the north randomly. Western mountains contain higher proportion of species with wide zoogeographical range.
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The Peak and the Territory
Mlynarčík, Štefan ; Smetana, Matěj (referee) ; Rathouský, Luděk (advisor)
The thesis is focused on symbolic revision of altitudes and border points of Tatra peaks. The subtle gesture disturbs exact and unambiguous textbook perception of a peak´s height. The thesis is happening on the given summits, the material used on their „growth“ and „transfer“ originates exclusively from immediate surroundings. The period of new summit´s existence is exposed to various weather conditions, eventualy to human factor, thus we can consider it as undetermined in terms of time. The issue consists of 5 video documentations of actions on the given Tatra peaks. The thesis is not exhausted by this. On the contrary, it promises spontaneous long-termed continuation.
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Comparison of qualitative indicators varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus) from various types of hop fields
KORCOVÁ, Žaneta
The aim of this thesis was to determine content of - a -bitter acids in samples of hop obtained from different types of growing regions. Object of research were cultivars of Saaz late, Sládek and Premiant cultivated in three growing regions (Žatecko, Úštěcko, Tršicko) in year 2015. Nine hop samples from conventional agriculture and one from bio production were examined. For all growing areas, from which hop cones were obtained, was determined altitude, rainfall and average temperatures during vegetation period. Quantity of bitter acids were measured by HPLC. Our calculated correlation coefficients showed that the higher altitude and average temperature the lower content of bitter acids was measured and more precipitation has positive impact on content of bitter acids.
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Data Processing from GPS Receiver
Srnec, Pavel ; Orság, Filip (referee) ; Dvořák, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about data processing from GPS receiver, specifically about surface maps. In the beginning part, principles of GPS technologies and NMEA protocol are described to understand calculation actual position on the map using geographic coordinates. It analyses communication with GPS receiver, data processing to maps and display position. Concept and implementation of final application, which is proposed as graphical user interface, is descibed. Application has been tested in terrain with GPS receiver u-blox 5 and results behavior application are at the end of bachelor. As a result of the bachelor, executed targets and requierement is summarized and possibilities of uprading project are analysed.
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Track's Elevation Profile View on a Public GIS
Doubal, Štěpán ; Šilhavá, Jana (referee) ; Fapšo, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis describes the design and implementation of a user script for GreaseMonkey (plug-in for Firefox). This script adds a functionality to show height profile of a defined route. The route is defined using public GIS tools from www.mapy.cz. The script extracts coordinates from page DOM structure, processes it and draws a height graph. The graph is created using http://www.heywhatsthat.com/profiler.html [2] or www.profile.hy.cz, which provides height graph drawing using www.vyskopis.cz JavaScript API [4].
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