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Moderation of news sessions on ČT 24
Pečeně, Lukáš ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This work deals with moderation of news programmes on ČT24 in years 2005 - 2010. First we try to sum up history of news broadcast on Czech television and also to tell something about beginning of continual broadcasting in 2005. This type of broadcasting came with new elements to news broadcast and it also significantly affected the work of anchormans. In next part we define the role of anchorman in news broadcasting. Differences between anchorman and quite simmilar jobs as host, reporter or commentator are shown. In the work the means of moderator's communication are defined - verbal and especially nonverbal. Analysis of using this means is content of practical part of work. . We use iVysílání of Czech television for practical research, specifically period 24.5.2010 - 28.5.2010. Forenoon part of broadcasting is analyzed. There is news broadcast every thirty minutes. Items of news are short, catchy and very often we can see changing of news genres - report, interview, read peace of news. This mixing of genres is typical for continual broadcast. We check in analyse if anchormans use nonverbal communication in continual broadcast.
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Development of regional press in Žatec region after 1989
Stroukal, Dominik ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Krejcar, Robert (referee)
This paper describes and analyses in the context of media theory, particularly the theory of transformation and the regional journalism theory, the development of regional press in Žatec region after the revolution in 1989. The paper briefly describes the situation of the press in the Žatec region before 1989 and focuses on media theory. In following parts is comprehensively described the development since 1989, periodicals are described and their history is presented. In conclusion, periodicals are comprehensively analyzed. It is shown that, despite media theory, there is no monopolization and centralization of the press in Žatec region, on the other hand, commercialization is present. Finally, the post-revolutionary development is analyzed in relation to the political situation and it is shown that political developments have had a major impact on the starts, ends and contents of the periodicals.
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Drug sensitization in rats prenatally exposed to methamphetamine
Schutová, Barbora ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Šulcová, Alexandra (referee) ; Kršiak, Miloslav (referee)
Methamphetamine (MA) is a psychostimulant drug with high potential for abuse. Psychostimulants were shown to cause behavioral sensitization - a progressive increase of their psychomotor activating effects. Since half of MA users are women of reproductive age, there is an increased risk of negative consequences for their children. The aim of my dissertation thesis was to find out whether prenatal MA exposure is able to increase sensitivity to the same drug in adulthood. Pregnant dams were injected daily with MA 5 mg/kg or saline (S) subcutaneously (s.c.) during the whole gestation. The absolute control group of adult females (C) was not exposed to any injection application. To test the sensitivity of the offspring to MA in adulthood, half of each prenatally exposed group (MA, S, C) were administered MA 1 mg/kg while the other half received S s.c. The sensitizing effect of prenatal MA exposure was tested in the open field, elevated plus maze, Laboras (Metris B.V., Netherlands), Morris water maze, tail-flick test and in the tests of susceptibility to epileptic seizures. Our results showed that the animals prenatally exposed to MA were more susceptible to flurothyl seizures and demonstrated better performance in the test of memory. On the other hand, acute MA application in adulthood increased motor activity,...
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Possibilities of Karstification in the Transitional Facies of the Bohemian Cretatious Basin
Balák, František ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Knížek, Martin (referee)
In the region of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin can be found some springs with specific yield over 100 l/s. The doyen of Czech hydrogeology Prof. Hynie described some of those springs to be of karst origin and as the most permeable area he described the so-called transitional facies between shallow-water sandstones and deep-water marlstones. Possibilities of karstification have not yet been studied for rocks in the BCB, so the origin of well-permeable pathways in the BCB is a subject of speculations. This thesis deals with the question of which sedimentary rocks potentially allow the generation of karst permeability in the BCB. To do so, rock samples drilled from outcrops in the BCB were subjected to a fast dissolution simulation by leaching in hydrochloric acid. Carbonate content is measured by a standard and one's own method. Mineral composition, grain size and microscopic structure of rocks are studied with SEM. As is shown, the border of rock karstification is not defined just by the carbonate content, but also the grain size, rock structure and by the occurrence of fine secondary silicate content. Concerning the amount of dissolvable compounds, the border of total disintegration can be at 30 % of carbonate content for some rocks, but the most resistant rocks (mostly fine rocks with SiO2 matrix) stay intact...
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Multimedia Overview of Synoptic Meteorology
Pokorný, Michal ; Žák, Michal (advisor) ; Bednář, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis contains an overview of the synoptic meteorology, from the so called Norwegian meteorological school and its interlacing with more modern concepts. It deals with air masses, atmospheric fronts and pressure systems. Further, the overview of latter conceptual models of atmospheric fronts is presented. It shows using of satellite and radar measurements in synoptical praxis, as well. The first chapter introduces formation of air masses and apportionment of air masses. It notices transformation of air masses, too. The second chapter deals with basic clasification of atmospheric fronts. Fronts are shown with help of satelite and radar images. Creation and development of pressure systems follows.
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The developmental changes in leading, organizing and financing of the sport club Aritma from early 90 s shown on selected sport branches
Deylová, Jana ; Waic, Marek (advisor) ; Karger, Jan (referee)
Název Vznik a vývoj sportovního klubu, změny v řízení, organizaci a financování klubů od počátku 90. let 20. století na příkladu vybraného sportovního odvětví Title The Establishment and Development of Sport Clubs After 1990: Demonstrated Through a Sample Sport Cíle práce: Analýza historického vývoje a změn v řízení a organizaci sportovního klubu do r. 1989. Specifikace změn v řízení, organizační struktuře, legislativě a financování ve sportovní činnosti por. 1989 obecně a v tenisovém oddíle SK Aritma Praha konkrétně. Metoda studium literatury, analýza dokumentů, chronologická a komparativní metoda Klíčová slova: Sokol, sportovní klub, občanské sdružení, financování, tenisový oddíl, tělovýchovná jednota, hospodářská činnost, reklama, sponzoring, marketing
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The Placenta and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Etiology of Recurrent Abortions
Martincová, Petra ; Andělová, Kateřina (advisor)
Antiphospholipid syndrome is characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy loss, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It is associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, which are subdivided to anti-cardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant antibodies, and antibodies against proteins. Anti-2GPI is the best known antibody against proteins. 2GPI binds to negatively charged phospholipids, like cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. Antiphospholipid antibodies influence several processes, such as hemostasis and cell and complement activation. Complement is the main mediator of tissue injury in the placenta. Initially, the classical pathway of complement activation is induced via C1, then, at the level of C3, the alternative pathway joins and amplifies the damage. It has been shown that interactions between complement anaphylatoxin C5a and its receptors play a key role in causing injury. The murine model has shown that by inhibition of the complement pathway at this level, pregnancies can be rescued. The etiology of placental injury involves three important molecules; these molecules first initiate a proinflammatory state which then allows subsequent induction of the prothrombotic state. The prothrombotic state is the best known complication of antiphospholipid...
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EFFECTS OF SOCIOCULTURAL ENVIROMENT ON THE ORIGIN OF FEARS AND ANXIETIES IN CHILDHOOD, PSYCHOSOCIAL ASSISTANCE AND EDUCATION
HLAVATÁ, Šárka
Anotace (abstrakt) v anglickém jazyce We know about anxiety and fear that they are biologically varied and participate in surviving of the individual and hereby of the human kind. They enable our adaptation as well as contribute to the formation of the human personality. Their certain display is given by biological dispositions, experience gained from life and also by the influence of environment and learning. We can{\crq}t say with certainty how much innateness influences given emotions including heredity and in what degree the environment influences them. Upbringing and individual experience cover inborn dispositions and determine the form and content of individual fears. Anxiety and varied forms of fear make children{\crq}s life unpleasant and they often make it difficult to give the maximum at school which would agree with his abilities. They can also affect his personal development permanently. Especially interpersonal relations, particularly relations between parents are projected into dealing with children. That allows for a deeper understanding of the causes and mechanisms that contribute to the development of display of children{\crq}s fear and anxiety. Children{\crq}s experience is indispensable for later development of the human personality. The chosen methodic is the questionnaire technique related to fear and anxiety with children at school of the first and second degree. For the collection of data a questionnaire has been made which is divided into two parts. The first part is made of 14 questions which refer to the social environment of the child and knowledge about fear and anxiety by the questioned group of children. The second part is made of 11 pictures. This is the authentic south-bohemian method from MUDr. Václav Morava which has a longstanding tradition and reflects his experience and professional knowledge in children{\crq}s psychiatry. The picture part is based on the principles of the psychological projection diagnostic method, test TAT. The asked respondents were children from Emy Destinové primary school in Czech Budweis who visit the first and second degree. It is the 3rd and 4th class and 8th and 9th class. Tables and graphs have been used for the evaluation of both parts of the questionnaire and the results are shown in percentages or averages in graphs. I focused in this work on the basic definition of fear and anxiety in the childhood and on formation of this emotions and their overtaking. The aim of this work has been monitoring with focusing on appearance of children{\crq}s fear and anxiety with the influence of social-cultural environment where they live (family, school, media, free time etc.). The results of this bachelor work may help with revealing of risks and other factors which can cause fear and anxiety in the childhood. It may serve as a document for teachers and parents to a better understanding of children. On the base of appreciations of primary dates a hypothesis has been determined. The hypothesis has been confirmed. There is a more often appearance by children of the young school age.
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Refractive index gradient in the cubozoan eye: specific gene expression analysis
Marková, Kristýna
1. Abstract Refractive index gradient in the cubozoan eye: specific gene expression analysis Lenses are spread through animal kingdom as an improvement of different eye types. Despite conservation of some key regulators and shared use of photopigment opsin, eyes and their lenses develop by variable mechanisms impeaching their monophyletic origin. Tripedalia cystophora (T. c), a cubozoan jellyfish, is an emerging new model for studying eye evolution. The presence of advanced lens-containing eyes (firstly incident within metazoans in this phylum of Cnidaria), the two types of lesser eyes, the use of pax gene and vertebrate type of phototransduction cascade for eye establishment make this jellyfish an useful tool for comparing eye development and different evolutionary strategies. We focused on the lenses of T.c. and studied formation of their refractive index gradient to reveal its mechanism. Using new antibodies raised against J1 and J2 crystallins (proteins of the T. c. lens), TEM and histology we found that graded refractive index is of protein origin and formed by unequal accumulation of proteins (particularly J1 and J2 crystallins) in different layers of the lens. We have shown that J1 crystallin occurs also in the lesser eyes (ocelli) suggesting how the lens mass can evolved. The synthesis of J2...
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The ability of new firms to enter the monopolistic enviroment
Diblík, Petr ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Dočkal, Dalibor (referee)
The present thesis deals with topic of monopolies and ability of new entities to enter mar-kets where such monopoly is present. For a deeper understanding of this field various views on monopolies in history of economic thinking are mentioned in introduction. In connection with possibility of new companies establishing themselves on the market there is analyzed creation and current practice of anti-monopoly legislation. In this part, certain arguments favoring protectionist policies are impugned. On particular examples it is dem-onstrated that more than privileges from the part of the state it is ensuring of free access to a given field which helps to a starting company. The state should be a guarantor of law enforcement and oversee observation of generally binging rules. In the conclusion of the work a difference is also shown between a situation where a monopoly originates in a natu-ral way as a result of exceptionality, which the clients positively value and a monopoly which exists due to support by state. A new company, as a continuous potential competitor, presents a good-quality feedback for a dominant entity and a driving engine for enhancing its efficiency. A free economic competition is shown also here as an effective tool for de-velopment of business, and it is the consumer who derives major benefits from such situa-tion.
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